我正在尝试编写一个函数来读取通过UART发送的一大块数据。我在RaspberryPi模型B上运行Raspbian Jessie但是我想在openwrt上使用这个C代码（带有任何必要的修订）。到目前为止，这就是我写的。
部首：
#ifndef __UART_LIB__
#define __UART_LIB__
#include <stdlib.h> //Errors, etc
#include <unistd.h> //Used for UART
#include <fcntl.h> //Used for UART
#include <termios.h> //Used for UART
#include <sys/types.h> //These includes are for timeout
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/select.h> //
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#define BITS_PER_PACKAGE_ 11
#define WAIT_PROLONGATION_CONSTANT_ 1.1f
//Some values used by default, left for the user to change if needed
unsigned int BAUD_ ;
unsigned int NUM_BITS_ ;
char *UART_PATH_ ;
unsigned int MAX_SIZE_ ;
unsigned int OPEN_FLAG_ ;
time_t TIMEOUT_SEC_ ;
suseconds_t TIMEOUT_USEC_ ;
struct timeval WAIT_CONSTANT_ ;
int open_conf_UART_() ;
int read_UART_(int uart_filestream, char** dest, int max_len) ;
#endif
.c文件：
#include "uartlib.h"
unsigned int BAUD_ = B115200 ;
unsigned int NUM_BITS_ = CS8 ;
char *UART_PATH_ = "/dev/ttyAMA0" ;
unsigned int MAX_SIZE_ = 128 ;
unsigned int OPEN_FLAG_ = O_RDWR ;
time_t TIMEOUT_SEC_ = 5 ;
suseconds_t TIMEOUT_USEC_ = 0 ;
int open_conf_UART_()
{
int indicator, old_fl;
int uart_filestream ;
struct termios options ;
// Opening the port in a read/write mode
uart_filestream = open(UART_PATH_, OPEN_FLAG_ | O_NOCTTY );
if (uart_filestream < 0)
{
// Unable to open the serial port, so produce an error and halt
return -1;
}
// Configuring the options for UART
// Retrieve the options and modify them.
indicator = tcgetattr(uart_filestream, &options);
if(indicator < 0)
{
// Unable to get the attributes
close(uart_filestream);
return -1;
}
// I found a question on stackoverlow where the answer said that VTIME and VMIN will be ignored unless I
// switch the FNDELAY flag off
old_fl = fcntl(uart_filestream, F_GETFL);
if(old_fl < 0)
{
return -1;
}
old_fl &= ~FNDELAY;
fcntl(uart_filestream, old_fl);
//Setting the options
options.c_cflag = CRTSCTS | BAUD_ | NUM_BITS_ | CLOCAL | CREAD ;
options.c_iflag = 0;
options.c_oflag = 0;
options.c_lflag = 0;
//I want the uart to wait 1/10 of a second between bytes at most
options.c_cc[VTIME] = 1;
options.c_cc[VMIN] = 0;
// Flushing the file stream (the input and the output area)
indicator = tcflush(uart_filestream, TCIOFLUSH);
if(indicator < 0)
{
// Unable to flush
close(uart_filestream);
return -1;
}
// Setting the options for the file stream.
indicator = tcsetattr(uart_filestream, TCSANOW, &options);
if(indicator < 0)
{
// Unable to set the attributes
close(uart_filestream);
return -1;
}
return uart_filestream;
}
int read_UART_(int uart_filestream, char** dest, int max_len)
{
int indicator;
int buffer_length;
indicator = tcflush(uart_filestream, TCIFLUSH);
if(indicator < 0)
{
// Unable to flush
return -1;
}
//Do the actual reading
buffer_length = read(uart_filestream, (void*)(*dest), max_len);
if(indicator < 0)
{
return -1;
}
else
{
// Returning number of read bytes
return buffer_length;
}
// Both branches of the if statement above have return, so this will not be reached
}
因此，当我尝试读取超过8个字节时，消息被截断为8个字节。 在我阅读时，将VTIME设置为某个值允许两个字节之间的时间间隔最多为该长度。 我不确定发生了什么，但我怀疑read（）调用在接收数据完成之前读取缓冲区。 我的愿望是读取一块未定义大小的数据。我还在读取之前使用select（）超时，以确保程序不会完全阻塞。 我在这个主题上阅读了很多论坛主题，stackoverflow问题，指南等，似乎没有人帮我解决问题。 那么，任何人都可以解释这里发生了什么吗？可以做我想做的事吗？
请注意，我删除了一些代码（我还写了一个写入UART端口的函数），所以这里可能有一些冗余包含，全局变量等。
答案 0 :(得分：0)
所以，我解决了我的问题。我仍然无法刷新（当系统刚刚启动并且我打开程序之前有一个信号时，缓冲区中有一些旧内容，就像在我看来）。 我使用了这个假设：包将以较小的突发时间到达，它们将以TIMEOUT_BYTE_时间间隔分开。如果到期，我认为包已经结束。 此外，我有一个超时初始等待数据，但我认为这是情境。
标题文件：
#ifndef UART_LIB_
#define UART_LIB_
#include <stdlib.h> //Errors, etc
#include <unistd.h> //Used for UART
#include <fcntl.h> //Used for UART
#include <termios.h> //Used for UART
#include <sys/types.h> //These includes are for timeout
#include <sys/select.h> //Used for select(), etc
//Some values used by default, left for the user to change if needed
//Used to set up the baud rate
unsigned int BAUD_ ;
//Used to indicate number of bits in one backage
unsigned int NUM_BITS_ ;
//Path to the UART device
char *UART_PATH_ ;
//Flag for opening the device
unsigned int OPEN_FLAG_ ;
//Timeout for answer from the other side
time_t TIMEOUT_SEC_ ;
suseconds_t TIMEOUT_USEC_ ;
//Time interval between two bursts of data inside the package
suseconds_t TIMEOUT_BYTE_ ;
int open_conf_UART_(void) ;
int read_UART_(int uart_filestream, char* dest, int max_len) ;
#endif
源文件：
#include <errno.h>
#include "uartlib.h"
unsigned int BAUD_ = B38400 ;
unsigned int NUM_BITS_ = CS8 ;
char *UART_PATH_ = "/dev/ttyAMA0" ;
unsigned int OPEN_FLAG_ = O_RDWR ;
time_t TIMEOUT_SEC_ = 2 ;
suseconds_t TIMEOUT_USEC_ = 0 ;
// This needs to be finely tuned
suseconds_t TIMEOUT_BYTE_ = 5000;
int open_conf_UART_()
{
// Variable section
int indicator;
int uart_filestream ;
struct termios options ;
// Opening the port in a read/write mode
uart_filestream = open(UART_PATH_, OPEN_FLAG_ | O_NOCTTY | O_NONBLOCK);
if (uart_filestream < 0)
{
// Unable to open the serial port, so produce an error and halt
return -1;
}
// Configuring the options for UART
// Flushing the file stream (the input and the output area)
indicator = tcflush(uart_filestream, TCIOFLUSH);
if(indicator < 0)
{
// Unable to flush
close(uart_filestream);
return -1;
}
// Retrieve the options and modify them.
indicator = tcgetattr(uart_filestream, &options);
if(indicator < 0)
{
// Unable to get the attributes
close(uart_filestream);
return -1;
}
// Setting the options
cfmakeraw(&options);
options.c_cflag |= BAUD_ | NUM_BITS_ | CREAD;
// Setting the options for the file stream.
indicator = tcsetattr(uart_filestream, TCSANOW, &options);
if(indicator < 0)
{
// Unable to set the attributes
close(uart_filestream);
return -1;
}
return uart_filestream;
}
int read_UART_(int uart_filestream, char* dest, int max_len)
{
// Variable section
int indicator;
int buffer_length;
char *tmp_dest;
fd_set set;
struct timeval timeout, init_timeout;
while(1)
{
// Reseting the set and inserting the uart_filestream in it
FD_ZERO(&set);
FD_SET(uart_filestream, &set);
// Setting the time for initial contact
init_timeout.tv_sec = TIMEOUT_SEC_ ;
init_timeout.tv_usec = TIMEOUT_USEC_ ;
// Waiting for the first contact. If this times out, we assume no contact.
indicator = select(uart_filestream + 1, &set, NULL, NULL, &init_timeout);
if(indicator < 0)
{
if(errno == EINTR)
{
// Try again
continue;
}
return -1;
}
else if(indicator == 0)
{ // Timeout has occurred
return -2;
}
else
{
break;
}
}
// This section means that there is something to be read in the file descriptor
buffer_length = 0 ;
tmp_dest = dest ;
// The first select is redundant but it is easier to loop this way.
while(buffer_length < max_len)
{
// select changes the timeval structure so it is reset here
timeout.tv_sec = 0;
timeout.tv_usec = TIMEOUT_BYTE_;
// Reinitialize the sets for reading
FD_ZERO(&set);
FD_SET(uart_filestream, &set);
// Wait for the file descriptor to be available or for timeout
indicator = select(uart_filestream+1, &set, NULL, NULL, &timeout);
if(indicator < 0)
{
if(errno == EINTR)
{
// Try again
continue;
}
// This indicates an error
return -1;
}
else if(indicator == 0)
{
// This indicates a timeout; We assume that the transmission is over once first timeout is reached
return buffer_length;
}
// There's been a select that didn't time out before this read
indicator = read(uart_filestream, (void*)tmp_dest, max_len - buffer_length);
if(indicator < 0)
{
if(errno == EINTR)
{
// If the call was interrupted, try again
continue;
}
// If it was any other condition, the read is corrupt.
return -1;
}
else if(indicator == 0)
{
// If, somehow, EOF was reached
break;
}
// Change the necessary values
buffer_length += indicator ;
tmp_dest += indicator;
}
// Both branches of the if statement above have return, so this will not be reached
// but a warning is generated
return buffer_length;
}
void flush_buffer_UART_(int uart_filestream)
{
char c;
while(read(uart_filestream, &c, 1) > 0);
}
我知道这不是主题，但如果有人知道如何解决同花顺问题，请回复。 此外，任何建设性的批评都是非常受欢迎的。
P.S。我也有一个write_UART（）函数，但我认为没有必要发布它，因为它没有问题（用示波器测量，后来用echo回复.Echo不能给我相同的信息）。
编辑：已引入Flush，然后与源文件合并。仍然没有想到它是否有效。