Question

我正在编写一个新的应用程序并尝试使用黄瓜和Spring Boot 1.4进行BDD。工作代码如下所示：

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  <ion-content class="padding">
    <h2>Welcome to Ionic</h2>
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         aria-describedby="inputDescription" />
    <p>
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测试代码如下所示：

var str = "ATOM LEU 0.1234 C 0.123 0.32 0.34";
var strExp = str.split(" ");
var newStr = str.replace(strExp[3], "&");
console.log(newStr);

功能文件如下所示：

@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {
    @Bean
    MyService myService() {
        return new MyService();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }
}

public class MyService {}

当我按原样运行上述内容时，一切正常，并且依赖项（MyService）被注入到MyStepDef中而没有任何问题。

如果我替换此代码：

@RunWith(Cucumber.class)
public class RunFeatures {}

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = Application.class, loader = SpringApplicationContextLoader.class)
public class MyStepDef {
    @Autowired
    MyService myService;

    @Given("^Some initial condition$")
    public void appIsStarted() throws Throwable {
        if (service == null) throw new Exception("Dependency not injected!");
        System.out.println("App started");
    }

    @Then("^Nothing happens$")
    public void thereShouldBeNoException() throws Throwable {
        System.out.println("Test passed");
    }
}

使用下面的代码（在Spring Boot 1.4中处理它的新方法）：

Feature: Test Cucumber with spring
    Scenario: First Scenario
        Given Some initial condition
        Then Nothing happens

然后依赖（MyService）永远不会被注入。我可能错过了什么吗？

先谢谢你的帮助!!!

Answer 1

我遇到了同样的问题。上面的评论指导我解决方案

黄瓜弹簧中有问题的代码似乎是这个github.com/cucumber/cucumber-jvm/blob/master/spring/src/main / ...

添加注释@ContextConfiguration后，测试按预期工作。

所以我得到的是以下内容......

@RunWith(Cucumber.class)
@CucumberOptions(plugin = {"json:target/cucumber.json", "pretty"}, features = "src/test/features")
public class CucumberTest {
}

@ContextConfiguration
@SpringBootTest
public abstract class StepDefs {
}

public class MyStepDefs extends StepDefs {

    @Inject
    Service service;

    @Inject
    Repository repository;

    [...]

}

我希望这可以帮助你进一步

Answer 2

我使用Spring Boot 1.5.x和2.0然后wrote a blog post来解决这个问题，因为它很棘手。

首先，即使很明显，您也需要在项目中包含正确的依赖项（cucumber-spring是重要的依赖项）。例如，使用Maven：

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
    <artifactId>cucumber-java</artifactId>
    <version>2.3.1</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
    <artifactId>cucumber-junit</artifactId>
    <version>2.3.1</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
    <artifactId>cucumber-spring</artifactId>
    <version>2.3.1</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

现在，使其成功的重要部分归纳为：

您的测试的入口点应该是使用@RunWith(Cucumber.class注释的类。
此类将使用步骤定义，这些步骤定义通常位于带有注释方法的分隔类中（@Given，@When，@Then等）。
诀窍是这个类应该扩展一个用@SpringBootTest注释的基类，@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)以及使用Spring Boot运行测试所需的任何其他配置。例如，如果您在不模仿其他图层的情况下实施集成测试，则应添加webEnvironment配置并将其设置为RANDOM_PORT或DEFINED_PORT。

请参阅下面的图表和代码框架。

切入点：

@RunWith(Cucumber.class)
@CucumberOptions(features = "src/test/resources/features/bag.feature", plugin = {"pretty", "html:target/cucumber"})
public class BagCucumberIntegrationTest {
}

Spring Boot基础测试类：

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
public abstract class SpringBootBaseIntegrationTest {
}

步骤定义类：

@Ignore
public class BagCucumberStepDefinitions extends SpringBootBaseIntegrationTest {
  // @Given, @When, @Then annotated methods
}

这是让DI工作所需要的。有关完整的代码示例，请选中my blog post或code in GitHub。

Answer 3

在Spring Boot 1.4之前，您可以使用

@ContextConfiguration(classes = {YourSpringConfiguration.class}, loader = SpringApplicationContextLoader.class)

从Spring Boot 1.4开始，不推荐使用SpringApplicationContextLoader，因此您应该使用SpringBootContextLoader.class

真的只是添加@SpringBootTest（带有一个可选的配置类）应该可以独立工作，但是如果你看看cucumber.runtime.java.spring.SpringFactory方法中的代码annotatedWithSupportedSpringRootTestAnnotations它没有检查那个注释这就是为什么简单地将注释与@SpringBootTest一起添加的原因。

黄瓜春天的代码真的需要改变。我将看看是否可以引发一个问题，就像在Spring文档中一样，它声明SpringApplicationContextLoader只应该在绝对必要时使用。我会尝试为黄瓜弹簧支持提出一个问题。

因为使用@SpringBootTest和@ContextConfiguration的组合代表stripwire的答案是最好的解决方法。

Answer 4

这是我的配置，你可以尝试一下

@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.DEFINED_PORT)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = {Application.class})

Answer 5

我在Spring Boot 1.5中使用它。我想与您分享配置：

的pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        ...
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.7.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

        ...
    <dependencies>
            ...
        <dependency>
            <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
            <artifactId>cucumber-java</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.5</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
            <artifactId>cucumber-spring</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.5</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
            <artifactId>cucumber-junit</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.5</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
        ...
</project>

功能文件

Feature: User should be greeted

  Background:
    Given The database is empty
    Then All connections are set

  Scenario: Default user is greeted
    Given A default user
    When The application is started
    Then The user should be greeted with "Hello Marc!"

黄瓜钩

@RunWith(Cucumber.class)
@CucumberOptions(features = "src/test/resources", strict = true)
public class CucumberTests {    // Classname should end on *Tests

}

抽象弹簧配置

@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
@ContextConfiguration
abstract class AbstractSpringConfigurationTest {

}

胶

class CucumberGlue : AbstractSpringConfigurationTest() {

    @Autowired
    lateinit var restTemplate: TestRestTemplate

    @Autowired
    lateinit var restController: RestController

    @Autowired
    lateinit var personRepository: PersonRepository

    @Autowired
    lateinit var entityManager: EntityManager

    private var result: String? = null

    @Given("^The database is empty$")
    fun the_database_is_empty() {
        personRepository.deleteAll()
    }

    @Then("^All connections are set$")
    fun all_connections_are_set() {
        assertThat(restTemplate).isNotNull()
        assertThat(entityManager).isNotNull()
    }

    @Given("^A default user$")
    fun a_default_user() {
    }

    @When("^The application is started$")
    fun the_application_is_started() {
        result = restController.testGet()
    }

    @Then("^The user should be greeted with \"([^\"]*)\"$")
    fun the_user_should_be_greeted_with(expectedName: String) {
        assertThat(result).isEqualTo(expectedName)
    }

}

带有Spring Boot 1.4的黄瓜：使用@SpringBootTest和@RunWith（SpringRunner.class）时未注入的依赖项

5 个答案:

的pom.xml

功能文件

黄瓜钩

抽象弹簧配置

胶