egrep的模式

Question

我有一个巨大的日志文件，其中包括运行时间。那是我要提取的信息。日志的行如下所示：

Info: Executed check 'data_existence', result 'pass', took 0 s.
Info: Executed check 'message', result 'pass', took 20 s.
Info: Executed check 'blu', result 'pass', took 2 minutes.
Info: Executed check 'bla', result 'pass', took 2.5 minutes.
Info: Executed check 'foo', result 'pass', took 3.4 hours.
Info: Executed check 'bar', result 'pass', took 2.7 days.

我想提取所有说'＆n;信息...采取＆＃39; （中间还有大量的其他内容）但是为了减少混乱，我想跳过仅涉及秒的行。

所以我写道：

egrep 'Info: .*took\s*\d*\s*[mhd]' LOGs/my.log

令人惊讶的是（对我来说）它不起作用（它回来了空白）。虽然https://regex101.com/的检查员说我的模式找到了一些东西。

缺少什么？

谢谢， 格特

@ John1024

sc-xterm-26:~> cat test
Info: Executed check 'data_existence', result 'pass', took 0 s.
Info: Executed check 'message', result 'pass', took 20 s.
Info: Executed check 'blu', result 'pass', took 2 minutes.
Info: Executed check 'blu', result 'pass', took 12 minutes.
Info: Executed check 'bla', result 'pass', took 2.5 minutes.
Info: Executed check 'foo', result 'pass', took 3.4 hours.
Info: Executed check 'bar', result 'pass', took 2.7 days.
sc-xterm-26:~>
sc-xterm-26:~>
sc-xterm-26:~> uname -a
Linux sc-xterm-26 3.0.52 #2 SMP Thu Dec 6 02:40:34 PST 2012 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
sc-xterm-26:~> grep --version
grep (GNU grep) 2.5.1

Copyright 1988, 1992-1999, 2000, 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR     PURPOSE.

sc-xterm-26:~> grep -E 'Info: .*took\s*[0-9.]*\s*[mhd]' test
sc-xterm-26:~>
sc-xterm-26:~> grep -E 'Info: .*took\s*[[:digit:].]*\s*[mhd]' test
sc-xterm-26:~>

@All

我把查询放到TCL脚本中，它运行正常。不再需要基于grep的解决方案。最好的，格特。

Answer 1

grep无法识别\d。尝试：

$ grep -E 'Info:.*took\s*[0-9.]*\s*[mhd]' logfile
Info: Executed check 'bla', result 'pass', took 2.5 minutes.
Info: Executed check 'foo', result 'pass', took 3.4 hours.
Info: Executed check 'bar', result 'pass', took 2.7 days.

或者，更好的是：

$ grep -E 'Info:.*took\s*[[:digit:].]*\s*[mhd]' logfile
Info: Executed check 'bla', result 'pass', took 2.5 minutes.
Info: Executed check 'foo', result 'pass', took 3.4 hours.
Info: Executed check 'bar', result 'pass', took 2.7 days.

注意：

1. egrep已弃用。请改用grep -E。

2. grep应该支持POSIX正则表达式。 \s是GNU扩展，可能无法移植。

不支持\d

3. [:digit:]是unicode-safe，这使它成为比0-9更好的选择。

4. 要匹配浮点数，除数字外还必须允许小数点。请注意，在[...]之外，句点.是通配符。相比之下，在[...]内，它只匹配一个句号。

更便携版

对于不支持\s的greps，请尝试：

$ grep -E 'Info:.*took[[:space:]]*[[:digit:].]*[[:space:]]*[mhd]' logfile
Info: Executed check 'bla', result 'pass', took 2.5 minutes.
Info: Executed check 'foo', result 'pass', took 3.4 hours.
Info: Executed check 'bar', result 'pass', took 2.7 days.