我是Asp.net Web API开发的新手。我想使用Asp.Net Web API开发Web API Restful服务并使用客户端应用程序。 那么，如何在服务器中创建Http动词--GET，POST，PUT和DELETE方法，并在Asp.net应用程序中使用httpclient进行消费。
提前致谢。
答案 0 :(得分：0)
创建Asp.net Web API应用程序。逐步解释两个应用程序。
1.Asp.Net Web API创建 2.在Asp.Net MVC应用程序中使用Asp.Net Web API
Asp.Net Web API创建
在visual studio中 - 创建新项目 - ＆gt; Asp.Net Web应用程序 - ＆gt; Web API [更改身份验证 - ＆gt;无身份验证] - ＆gt;单击“确定”
WebApiConfig.cs中的小代码更改
默认
config.MapHttpAttributeRoutes();
config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
name: "DefaultApi",
routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}",
defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional }
);
添加以下代码：
config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
name: "ActionApi",
routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{action}/{id}",
defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional }
);
这个Web Api应用程序访问库函数使用bellow文件及其从数据库中获取数据。
我已经开发了GET和POST方法功能
namespace MyFirstWebAPI.Controllers
{
[RoutePrefix("api/Product")]
public class ProductController : ApiController
{
[HttpGet]
[Route("GetAllPorts")]
public async Task<IEnumerable<Port>> GetAllPorts()
{
try
{
IEnumerable<Port> port = await SettingsBO.GetPortAsync();
return port;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
var err = ex.Message.ToString().Replace("\n", "N^^").Replace("\r", "R^^");
var resp = new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.NotFound)
{
Content = new StringContent(string.Format("Error Message = {0}", err)),
ReasonPhrase = err
};
throw new HttpResponseException(resp);
}
}
[HttpGet]
[Route("GetShipmentDetails/{shipmentLId}/{orderid}")]
public async Task<ShipmentLegViewModel> GetShipmentDetails(string shipmentLId, string orderid)
{
try
{
ShipmentLegViewModel shipmentDet = await ShipmentBO.GetSegmentLegDetailsAsync(shipmentLId, orderid);
return shipmentDet;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
var err = ex.Message.ToString().Replace("\n", "N^^").Replace("\r", "R^^");
var resp = new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.NotFound)
{
Content = new StringContent(string.Format("Error Message = {0}", err)),
ReasonPhrase = err
};
throw new HttpResponseException(resp);
}
}
[HttpPost]
[Route("UpdatePort")]
public async Task<string> UpdatePort(List<PortUpdate> port, string Id, string portStatusId)
{
try
{
return await SettingsBO.UpdateItemAsync(Id, port, portStatusId);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
var err = ex.Message.ToString().Replace("\n", "N^^").Replace("\r", "R^^");
var resp = new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.NotFound)
{
Content = new StringContent(string.Format("Error Message = {0}", err)),
ReasonPhrase = err
};
throw new HttpResponseException(resp);
}
}
}
}
上面的代码有助于创建Asp.Net Web API应用程序。使用波纹管结构建立并运行应用程序。
网址：http://localhost:4314/api/Product/GetAllPorts
2.在Asp.Net MVC应用程序中使用Asp.Net Web API
我已经创建了一个Asp.Net MVC应用程序。
您应该为客户端应用添加web api包
安装包Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.Client
创建一个特定的类[Webservice.cs]来访问Web API数据。鉴于以下代码
namespace WebAPI_Client.CNHService
{
public static class WebService<T> where T : class
{
public static string appSettings = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["ServiceURL"];
public static IEnumerable<T> GetDataFromService(string Method, string param = "")
{
WebClient client = new WebClient();
try
{
var data = client.DownloadData(appSettings + Method + param);
var stream = new System.IO.MemoryStream(data);
var obj = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(IEnumerable<T>));
var result = obj.ReadObject(stream);
IEnumerable<T> Ts = (IEnumerable<T>)result;
return Ts;
}
catch (WebException wex)
{
throw;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw;
}
}
public static T GetDataFromService_SingleCollection(string Method, string param = "")
{
try
{
var client = new WebClient();
var data = client.DownloadData(appSettings + Method + param);
var stream = new System.IO.MemoryStream(data);
var obj = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(T));
var result = obj.ReadObject(stream);
T Ts = (T)result;
return Ts;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw;
}
}
public static async Task<T> GetShipmentDetails(string shipmentLId,string orderid)
{
Stream stream = null;
T Ts = null;
string url = "http://localhost:4314/api/Product/GetShipmentDetails/5462f4e3e4b09e0d94f5c9a2/5462f4e2e4b09e0d94f5c9a1";
try
{
using (HttpClient client = new HttpClient())
{
client.BaseAddress = new Uri(url);
HttpResponseMessage response = await client.GetAsync(url);
if (response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
{
var data = await response.Content.ReadAsByteArrayAsync();
var stre = new System.IO.MemoryStream(data);
var obj1 = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(IEnumerable<T>));
var result = obj1.ReadObject(stre);
Ts = (T)result;
}
else
{
stream = await response.Content.ReadAsStreamAsync();
var error = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
}
return Ts;
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
}
return Ts;
}
public static async Task<IEnumerable<T>> GetPorts()
{
Stream stream = null;
IEnumerable<T> Ts = null;
string url = "http://localhost:4314/api/Product/GetAllPorts";
try
{
using (HttpClient client = new HttpClient())
{
client.BaseAddress = new Uri(url);
HttpResponseMessage response = await client.GetAsync(url);
if (response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
{
var data = await response.Content.ReadAsByteArrayAsync();
var stre = new System.IO.MemoryStream(data);
var obj1 = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(IEnumerable<T>));
var result = obj1.ReadObject(stre);
Ts = (IEnumerable<T>)result;
}
else
{
stream = await response.Content.ReadAsStreamAsync();
var error = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
}
return Ts;
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
}
return Ts;
}
public static async Task<IEnumerable<T>> GetDataFromService_Update(string Method, List<Port> portData, string param = "")
{
try
{
string requestUri = Method + param;
string url = "http://localhost:4314/";
IEnumerable<T> Ts = null;
using (HttpClient client = new HttpClient())
{
client.BaseAddress = new Uri(url);
client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Clear();
client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Add(new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("application/json"));
HttpResponseMessage response = await client.PostAsJsonAsync(requestUri, portData);
if (response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
{
var res = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
}
else
{
var error = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
}
}
return Ts;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw;
}
}
}
}
控制器代码
对于GET和POST方法
public class HomeController : Controller
{
public async Task<ActionResult> Index()
{
//GET Method
IEnumerable<Port> portq = await CNHService.WebService<Port>.GetPorts();
//POST Method
List<Port> port = portq.ToList<Port>();
IEnumerable<string> resUpdate = await CNHService.WebService<string>.GetDataFromService_Update("api/Product/UpdatePort", port, "?Id=5462f4d8e4b09e0d94f5c96f&portStatusId=5462f4d8e4b09e0d94f5c96c");
}
}
上面的代码可以很好地获取和发布方法。
此代码对Web API应用程序开发更有帮助