NAME 10/01 09/02 09/07 09/08 09/09 09/10 09/11 09/12 09/13 09/14 09/15 09/16 09/17 09/18 09/19 10/01
CNMPMT_DATA 99.22 99.22 99.22 99.22 99.22 99.22 99.22 99.22 99.22 99.22 99.22 99.22 99.22 99.22 99.22 99.22
DATA01 9.79 10.75 13.67 7.97 15.22 15.1 14.63 15.71 15.56 15.37 16.69 17.33 17.06 16.5 18.01 99.22
DATATBLS4PEAS 9.21 7.45 51.77 8.26 54.56 54.43 50.68 42.2 38.23 53.47 51.02 49.53 48.01 46.58 46.34 99.22
EDD_DATA 57.79 57.71 58.46 57.58 57.93 59.09 58.88 58.88 58.83 58.79 58.77 58.73 58.7 59.69 59.34 99.22
EDD_INDX 23.34 23.44 22.96 23.27 23.07 22.94 22.79 22.94 23.06 23.03 23.13 23.25 23.08 22.81 23.05 99.22
INDX01 8.59 8.74 8.68 8.72 8.94 8.71 8.46 8.78 8.87 8.82 9.19 9.41 9.21 8.86 9.38 99.22
SYSAUX 96.65 96.67 96.62 96.92 96.55 96.57 96.56 96.59 96.57 96.63 96.65 96.7 96.72 96.73 96.65 99.22
SYSTEM 93.37 93.37 93.36 93.38 93.36 93.36 93.36 93.36 93.36 93.36 93.36 93.36 93.36 93.36 93.36 99.22
TEMP 97.43 98.50 98.54 88.77 99.54 95.68 99.54 99.52 99.25 99.35 96.44 98.87 98.53 98.54 98.13 99.22
TEMP_EDDDATA 96.58 96.58 96.58 96.58 96.58 96.58 96.58 96.55 96.55 96.55 96.55 96.54 96.37 96.37 96.38 99.22
UNDOTBS1 22.35 14.31 34.18 30.17 5.37 8.94 17.08 17.43 14.7 22.96 11.99 7.83 .02 8.07 3.67 99.22
UNDOTBS2 42.45 47.22 53.84 43.96 25.77 36.5 40.05 28.89 27.75 26.86 23.4 22.86 .02 .03 6.56 99.22
UNDOTBS3 68.65 72.3 39.89 28.95 44.52 69.05 71.89 52.23 48.23 41.67 31.52 30.09 16.98 23.44 18.54 99.22
USERS 22.09 22.09 22.09 22.09 22.09 22.09 22.09 22.09 22.09 22.09 22.09 22.09 22.09 22.09 22.09 99.22
此文件我只想要9月份的列。文件是制表符分隔的。 尝试低于其工作但它改变了列位置
awk 'NR==1{for(i=1; i<=NF; i++) if ($i ~"09") {a[i]++;} } { for (i in a) printf "%s\t", $i; printf "\n"}' Allen_Free.txt
09/07 09/08 09/09 09/10 09/11 09/12 09/13 09/14 09/15 09/16 09/17 09/18 09/19 09/02
99.22 99.22 99.22 99.22 99.22 99.22 99.22 99.22 99.22 99.22 99.22 99.22 99.22 99.22
13.67 7.97 15.22 15.1 14.63 15.71 15.56 15.37 16.69 17.33 17.06 16.5 18.01 10.75
51.77 8.26 54.56 54.43 50.68 42.2 38.23 53.47 51.02 49.53 48.01 46.58 46.34 7.45
58.46 57.58 57.93 59.09 58.88 58.88 58.83 58.79 58.77 58.73 58.7 59.69 59.34 57.71
22.96 23.27 23.07 22.94 22.79 22.94 23.06 23.03 23.13 23.25 23.08 22.81 23.05 23.44
8.68 8.72 8.94 8.71 8.46 8.78 8.87 8.82 9.19 9.41 9.21 8.86 9.38 8.74
96.62 96.92 96.55 96.57 96.56 96.59 96.57 96.63 96.65 96.7 96.72 96.73 96.65 96.67
93.36 93.38 93.36 93.36 93.36 93.36 93.36 93.36 93.36 93.36 93.36 93.36 93.36 93.37
98.54 88.77 99.54 95.68 99.54 99.52 99.25 99.35 96.44 98.87 98.53 98.54 98.13 98.50
96.58 96.58 96.58 96.58 96.58 96.55 96.55 96.55 96.55 96.54 96.37 96.37 96.38 96.58
34.18 30.17 5.37 8.94 17.08 17.43 14.7 22.96 11.99 7.83 .02 8.07 3.67 14.31
53.84 43.96 25.77 36.5 40.05 28.89 27.75 26.86 23.4 22.86 .02 .03 6.56 47.22
39.89 28.95 44.52 69.05 71.89 52.23 48.23 41.67 31.52 30.09 16.98 23.44 18.54 72.3
22.09 22.09 22.09 22.09 22.09 22.09 22.09 22.09 22.09 22.09 22.09 22.09 22.09 22.09
请帮忙。
答案 0 :(得分：1)
如果perl解决方案没问题，
$ perl -MList::MoreUtils=indexes -nale '@i = indexes { /^09/ } @F if $. == 1; print join "\t", @F[@i]' ip.txt
09/02 09/07 09/08 09/09 09/10 09/11 09/12 09/13 09/14 09/15 09/16 09/17 09/18 09/19
99.22 99.22 99.22 99.22 99.22 99.22 99.22 99.22 99.22 99.22 99.22 99.22 99.22 99.22
10.75 13.67 7.97 15.22 15.1 14.63 15.71 15.56 15.37 16.69 17.33 17.06 16.5 18.01
7.45 51.77 8.26 54.56 54.43 50.68 42.2 38.23 53.47 51.02 49.53 48.01 46.58 46.34
57.71 58.46 57.58 57.93 59.09 58.88 58.88 58.83 58.79 58.77 58.73 58.7 59.69 59.34
23.44 22.96 23.27 23.07 22.94 22.79 22.94 23.06 23.03 23.13 23.25 23.08 22.81 23.05
8.74 8.68 8.72 8.94 8.71 8.46 8.78 8.87 8.82 9.19 9.41 9.21 8.86 9.38
96.67 96.62 96.92 96.55 96.57 96.56 96.59 96.57 96.63 96.65 96.7 96.72 96.73 96.65
93.37 93.36 93.38 93.36 93.36 93.36 93.36 93.36 93.36 93.36 93.36 93.36 93.36 93.36
98.50 98.54 88.77 99.54 95.68 99.54 99.52 99.25 99.35 96.44 98.87 98.53 98.54 98.13
96.58 96.58 96.58 96.58 96.58 96.58 96.55 96.55 96.55 96.55 96.54 96.37 96.37 96.38
14.31 34.18 30.17 5.37 8.94 17.08 17.43 14.7 22.96 11.99 7.83 .02 8.07 3.67
47.22 53.84 43.96 25.77 36.5 40.05 28.89 27.75 26.86 23.4 22.86 .02 .03 6.56
72.3 39.89 28.95 44.52 69.05 71.89 52.23 48.23 41.67 31.52 30.09 16.98 23.44 18.54
22.09 22.09 22.09 22.09 22.09 22.09 22.09 22.09 22.09 22.09 22.09 22.09 22.09 22.09
-MList::MoreUtils=indexes使用List::MoreUtils模块indexes函数
-ale在空格上拆分输入行并保存到@F数组，输入行中的换行符将被删除并在打印时添加@i = indexes { /^09/ } @F if $. == 1如果是第一行，请获取@F数组中与正则表达式匹配的所有元素的索引/^09/ print join "\t", @F[@i]打印保存在@F数组中的@i匹配索引的元素，以制表符分隔如果List::MoreUtils模块不可用，
perl -nale '@i = grep { $F[$_] =~ /^09/ } 0..$#F if $. == 1; print join "\t", @F[@i]' ip.txt
答案 1 :(得分：0)
awk对于按行处理数据非常有用，因此您可以先将数据转置。
我就是这样做的：
来自An efficient way to transpose a file in Bash
function transpose() {
awk '{
for (i=1; i<=NF; i++) {
a[NR,i] = $i
}
}
NF>p { p = NF }
END {
for(j=1; j<=p; j++) {
str=a[1,j]
for(i=2; i<=NR; i++){
str=str" "a[i,j];
}
print str
}
}'
}
然后
cat file.txt | transpose | awk 'NR==1 { print $0 } /[0-9]+\/09/ { print $0 }' | transpose