如何将python龟中的文本与具有n个边的绘制多边形对齐

Question

我是python的初学者，正在用python龟编写一个简单的程序，提示用户输入多边形的边长，程序应该绘制多边形并打印人的名字（我）在多边形下。

我已经让程序工作，但是我似乎无法弄清楚如何在多边形下打印文本，因为边长可以由用户更改，因此多边形有时可能会偏离视图，取决于边长估算的大小。

该程序应该如下所示： end result

然而，每次看起来都像这样： My result

我的代码如下：

import turtle

print('************************************************')
print('This program draws a randomly colored polygon')
print('with side lengths provided by the user.')
print('************************************************')

polygonSideLength = int(input('Enter length of polygon side: \n'))
numberOfSides = int(5 + (28 / 4))
turnAngle = 360 / numberOfSides

import random
randomColor = random.randint(0,5)
if randomColor == 0:
    fillcolor="red"
elif randomColor == 1:
    fillcolor="green"
elif randomColor == 2:
    fillcolor="blue"
elif randomColor == 3:
    fillcolor="cyan"
elif randomColor == 4:
    fillcolor="magenta"
elif randomColor == 5:
    fillcolor="yellow"
print('Length of polygon side =', polygonSideLength)
print('Number of polygon sides =', numberOfSides)
print('Turn angle at each vertex =', turnAngle)
print('Random fill color is', fillcolor)

turtle.begin_fill()
turtle.pen(pensize = 5, pencolor="black", fillcolor = fillcolor)

count = 0
while (count < numberOfSides):
    turtle.forward(polygonSideLength)
    turtle.right(turnAngle)
    count = count + 1
turtle.end_fill()

turtle.setheading(270)
turtle.penup()
turtle.forward(65)
turtle.left(90)
turtle.forward(130)
turtle.pendown()
turtle.write("polygon drawn by: Name", align = "right", font=("Arial", 12, "normal"))
turtle.hideturtle()
turtle.done()

有人可以帮我解决如何更改此代码以使其有效吗？

Answer 1

让我们尝试最简单的路线到解决方案。首先，让我们将多边形置于窗口中心。我们可以通过添加：

来做到这一点

turtle.backward(polygonSideLength / 2)

在填充多边形绘图开始之前

。接下来，让它进入窗口的上半部分而不是下半部分。我们可以通过改变：

来做到这一点

turtle.right(turnAngle)

为：

turtle.left(turnAngle)

即。只是向另一个方向画画。既然我们将多边形水平地中心化并且垂直于中心线上方，我们只需要在中心线下方写入居中文本，该中心线位于字体高度的位置（或两个以留出一些空间）：

fontSize = 18
...
turtle.goto(0, -fontSize * 2)

turtle.write("polygon drawn by: Name", align="center", font=("Arial", fontSize, "normal"))

将所有内容放在一起，并进行一些简单的样式更改，我们得到：

import turtle
import random

colors = ["red", "green", "blue", "cyan", "magenta", "yellow"]

print('************************************************')
print('This program draws a randomly colored polygon')
print('with side lengths provided by the user.')
print('************************************************')

polygonSideLength = int(input('Enter length of polygon side: '))
numberOfSides = 5 + (28 // 4)  # I assume this should be something more interesting...
turnAngle = 360 / numberOfSides
fontSize = 18

randomColor = random.randint(0, 5)
fillcolor = colors[randomColor]

print('Length of polygon side =', polygonSideLength)
print('Number of polygon sides =', numberOfSides)
print('Turn angle at each vertex =', turnAngle)
print('Random fill color is', fillcolor)

turtle.pen(pensize=5, pencolor="black", fillcolor=fillcolor)

turtle.backward(polygonSideLength / 2)

turtle.begin_fill()

for count in range(numberOfSides):
    turtle.forward(polygonSideLength)
    turtle.left(turnAngle)

turtle.end_fill()

turtle.penup()
turtle.setheading(270)

turtle.goto(0, -fontSize * 2)

turtle.write("polygon drawn by: Name", align="center", font=("Arial", fontSize, "normal"))
turtle.hideturtle()

turtle.done()