Question

我正在尝试编写一个简单的bash脚本，它在其中接收一个文本文件，遍历文件并告诉我某个字符串出现在文件中的次数。我想最终将它用于自定义日志搜索器（例如，搜索特定日志文件中的“登录”等字样），但由于我对bash相对较新，因此遇到了一些困难。我希望能够根据自己的意愿快速搜索不同日志的不同日志，并查看它们出现的次数。一切都很完美，直到我的循环。我认为我使用grep是错误的，但我不确定这是否是问题。我的循环代码可能看起来有点奇怪，因为我已经使用了一段时间并且一直在调整事物。我已经做了很多搜索，但我觉得我是唯一一个遇到过这个问题的人（希望不是因为它非常简单，我只是吮吸）。非常感谢任何和所有的帮助，感谢所有人。

编辑：我想说明字符串的每个实例而不仅仅是每行一个实例

#!/bin/bash

echo "This bash script counts the instances of a user-defined string in a file."

echo "Enter a file to search:"

read fileName

echo " "

echo $path

if [ -f "$fileName" ] || [ -d "$fileName" ]; then

echo "File Checker Complete: '$fileName' is a file."
echo " "
echo "Enter a string that you would like to count the occurances of in '$fileName'."

read stringChoice
echo " "
echo "You are looking for '$stringChoice'. Counting...."

#TRYING WITH A WHILE LOOP
count=0
cat $fileName | while read line
do
    if echo $line | grep $stringChoice; then
        count=$[ count + 1 ]
done
echo "Finished processing file"




#TRYING WITH A FOR LOOP
#    count=0
#    for i in $(cat $fileName); do
#        echo $i  
#        if grep "$stringChoice"; then
#            count=$[ $count + 1 ]
#            echo $count
#        fi
#    done

if [ $count == 1 ] ; then
    echo " "
    echo "The string '$stringChoice' occurs $count time in '$fileName'."

elif [ $count > 1 ]; then
    echo " "
    echo "The string '$stringChoice' occurs $count times in '$fileName'."

fi
elif [ ! -f "$fileName" ]; then

echo "File does not exist, please enter the correct file name."

fi

Answer 1

要查找和计算字符串的所有匹配项，您可以使用仅匹配单词而不是整行的grep -o，并将结果传递给wc

read string; grep -o "$string" yourfile.txt | wc -l

Answer 2

您在代码中犯了基本语法错误。此外，count的变量永远不会更新，因为while循环正在子shell中执行，因此更新的计数值永远不会反射回来。

请将您的代码更改为以下代码以获得所需的结果。

#!/bin/bash

echo "This bash script counts the instances of a user-defined string in a file."

echo "Enter a file to search:"

read fileName

echo " "

echo $path

if [ -f "$fileName" ] ; then

        echo "File Checker Complete: '$fileName' is a file."
        echo " "
        echo "Enter a string that you would like to count the occurances of in '$fileName'."

        read stringChoice
        echo " "
        echo "You are looking for '$stringChoice'. Counting...."

#TRYING WITH A WHILE LOOP
        count=0
        while read line
        do
                if echo $line | grep $stringChoice; then
                        count=`expr $count + 1`
                fi
        done < "$fileName"
        echo "Finished processing file"
        echo "The string '$stringChoice' occurs $count time in '$fileName'."

elif [ ! -f "$fileName" ]; then
        echo "File does not exist, please enter the correct file name."
fi

Bash：使用循环计算文本文件中字符串的实例

2 个答案: