Stroustrup：对于C ++，如何安装FLTK库？

时间：2016-10-24 01:41:24

标签： c++ visual-studio-2015 install fltk

问题：有人可以向我提供有关如何为Microsoft Visual Studio 2015安装FLTK的说明，以便我可以将FLTK用于C ++吗？

额外信息：

第12章练习，在Bjarne Stroustrup的编程：使用C ++的原理和实践中要我安装FLTK。

我有Microsoft Visual Studio 2015.

我在www.stroustrup.com/Programming/FLTK下载了这些文件。

然后我在C：// Program Files（x86）/ Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0 / VC中打开了fltk.dsw。

但是构建失败了。

我在这个网站上搜索了类似的问题;但最后一个类似的问题是一个人在4年前向VS2010寻求帮助。

我再次对不起，伙计们。但是这个问题似乎超出了我的想法，因为这是我第一次在C ++上安装库

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分：3)

自从给出上述答案以来，发生了一些更改，这些更改使更容易在Microsoft Windows系统上安装FLTK库。我在下面概述了如何安装FLTK库并运行简单的FLTK程序。

对于那些通过Bjarne Stroustrup的《使用C ++进行编程，原理和实践》工作的人，这是我如何在Windows 10.0.18363 Build 18363 aka Windows 10 1809 Pro（使用VCPKG和Windows XP）上安装并运行FLTK库。 FLTK库1.3.5的MSYS2版本。

安装

使用Microsoft VCPKG

下面的步骤假定已经安装了Visual Studio。

1.  Clone the VCPKG
    1.1  Open PowerShell as an Administrator.
    1.2  Enter a directory to clone the VCPKG--e.g. C:\ProgramFiles.
    1.3  Copy and paste the following into PowerShell and press enter to start downloading VCPKG or go to https://github.com/Microsoft/vcpkg:  git clone https://github.com/microsoft/vcpkg.git
        1.3.1  After VCPKG finishes downloading, there should be a vcpkg-master directory. Enter the following at the command line:
            1.3.1.1  cd vcpkg-master
            1.3.1.2  .\bootstrap-vcpkg.bat
            1.3.1.3  .\vcpkg integrate install
        1.3.2  The command in step 1.3.1.2 will compile the VCPKG library using the most recent Visual Studio it can find on your system.
        1.3.3  The command in step 1.3.1.3 will configure Visual Studio to locate all vcpkg header files and binaries on a per-user basis. There's no need for manual editing of VC++ Directories paths.  SEE https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/build/vcpkg?view=vs-2019#installation for more info.
    1.4  This concludes the installation of VCPKG.  For more information, see the following:
        1.4.1  https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/build/vcpkg?view=vs-2019#installation
        1.4.2  https://devblogs.microsoft.com/cppblog/vcpkg-a-tool-to-acquire-and-build-c-open-source-libraries-on-windows/
2. Install FLTK Using VCPKG
    2.1  In PowerShell, execute the following commands:
        2.1.1  .\vcpkg install fltk:x86-windows
        2.1.2  .\vcpkg install fltk:x64-windows
    2.2  The above two commands will install FLTK into vcpkg-master\packages.

3.  Modify the x.H file
    3.1  When trying to run the FLTK test program under Visual Studio 2019, I was getting the error message:  "… cannot open include file ‘x11/xlib.h’ no such file or directory …" that is documented in Resource #3 below.  So, I ended up modifying the x.H file as instructed in this resource.  Here's what to do. . .
    3.2  If you get this error, double-click on the error message to open up the file within Visual Studio.  If it does not open, I found my file in: ..\vcpkg-master\installed\x64-windows\include\FL\x.H
    3.3  Go to line 28, "...between # include “Enumerations.H” on line 27 and # ifdef WIN32..." add include "# define WIN32" as shown by the red arrow in the screen shot below:

x.H file

使用MSYS2

下面的步骤假定已经安装了MSYS2。

1.  Install FLTK
    1.1  Open the MSYS2 MSYS terminal.
    1.2  For 64-bit systems, enter:  pacman -S mingw-w64-x86_64-fltk 
         For 32-bit systems, enter:  pacman -S mingw-w64-i686-fltk
    1.3  In the ../msys64/mingw64/bin directory, there should be a fltk-config file.  If the installation was successful, you should see the fltk version number after executing the following command:  fltk-config --version.

FLTK测试计划

使用Microsoft Visual Studio Community 2019版本16.4.5 

    1.  Create a new project
        1.1  Select File --> New --> Project or press CTRL+SHIFT+N
        1.2  Click on Windows Desktop Application
        1.3  Enter a project name and create your project
    2.  Create a header file
        2.1  Right-click on the Header Files folder and select Add --> New Item
        2.2  Name the header file
        2.3  In the new header file, under #include "resource.h" enter the following:

                #include <Fl/Fl.H>
                #include <FL/Fl_Box.H>
                #include <FL/Fl_Window.H>

        2.4  Save the file.
    3.  Open the source file
        3.1  Under #include "framework.h", enter a #include statement for the header file created in step 2 above.
        3.2  Locate the comment:  // TODO: Place code here.
        3.3  Copy and paste the following code below the comment in Step 3.2:

                Fl_Window window(200, 200, "Window Title");
                Fl_Box box(0, 0, 200, 200, "Hey, I mean, Hello, World!");
                window.show();
                return Fl::run();

        3.4  Press CTRL+F5 to run the program.  A window should display with the words: "Hey, I mean, Hello, World!".

使用MSYS2 

    1.  Using a text editor or IDE of your choice, create a header file and copy and paste the following:

        #include <Fl/Fl.H>
        #include <FL/Fl_Box.H>
        #include <FL/Fl_Window.H>

    2.  Create a source file--e.g. fltk_test.cpp.  Copy and paste the following code into the source file:

            #include "name of your header file in Step 1"

            using namespace std;

            int main (int argc, char *argv[])
            {
                Fl_Window *window = new Fl_Window(340, 180);
                Fl_Box *box = new Fl_Box(20, 40, 300, 100, "Hello World");
                box->box(FL_UP_BOX);
                box->labelfont(FL_BOLD+FL_ITALIC);
                box->labelsize(36);
                box->labeltype(FL_SHADOW_LABEL);
                window->end();
                window->show(argc, argv);
                return Fl::run();
            }

    3.  Compile and build the source
        3.1  Open a MSYS MinGW 64 terminal
        3.2  Enter the following at the command line:  g++ -v -g <your source file name> -lfltk -o <your exe file name>.  For example,  g++ -v -g fltk_test.cpp -lfltk -o fltk_test.exe
        3.4  The linker flag -lfltk MUST come after the source file [THIS IS VERY IMPORTANT!].  If it does not, undefined reference errors will be generated.
    4.  Run the program:  .\fltk_test.exe.  A window should display with the words: "Hello, World!".

EXTRA-Makefile

下面是一个示例Makefile，其文件名为：fltk_mingw_test 

#
# DATE:     2020 FEB 27
# FILENAME: Makefile
# DESCRIPTION:  This is a Makefile for the MSYS2 version of FLTK 
#   1.3.5.  It will compile and build the Hello World program 
#   found at https://www.fltk.org/doc-1.3/basics.html#basics_standard_compiler
#
CXX      = $(shell fltk-config --cxx)
DEBUG    = -g
CXXFLAGS = $(shell fltk-config --use-gl --use-images --cxxflags ) -I.
LDFLAGS  = $(shell fltk-config --use-gl --use-images --ldflags )
LDSTATIC = $(shell fltk-config --use-gl --use-images --ldstaticflags )
LINK     = $(CXX)

TARGET = C:\<your path>\fltk_mingw_test.exe #File extension must be exe
OBJS =   fltk_mingw_test.o
SRCS =   fltk_mingw_test.cpp

.SUFFIXES: .o .cpp
%.o: %.cpp
    $(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(DEBUG) -c $<

all: $(TARGET)
    $(LINK) -o $(TARGET) $(OBJS) $(LDSTATIC)

$(TARGET): $(OBJS)
fltk_mingw_test.o: fltk_mingw_test.cpp fltk_mingw_test.h

clean: $(TARGET) $(OBJS)
    rm -f *.o 2> /dev/null
    rm -f $(TARGET) 2> /dev/null

请注意：您需要在每个配方行的开头添加一个制表符！这是一个模糊的地方，引起了人们的注意。如果您希望在食谱中使用制表符以外的其他字符作为前缀，则可以将.RECIPEPREFIX变量设置为替代字符（请参见特殊变量）。

有关更多信息，请参见：GNU Make Manual

资源

  1. vcpkg: a C++ package manager for Windows, Linux, and MacOS
  2. Vcpkg: a tool to acquire and build C++ open source libraries on Windows
  3. How to install and use fltk-1.3.4 in Visual Studio 2017 2.0 [complete guide] – preventing cross-contamination
  4. GNU make Manual

答案 1 :(得分：1)

要安装FLTK以使用VS 2015，您可以按照以下文章进行操作：http://www.c-jump.com/bcc/common/Talk2/Cxx/FltkInstallVC/FltkInstallVC.html

现在最新版本的FLTK是1.3.3，你可以在这里http://www.fltk.org/software.php找到它并选择'fltk-1.3.3-source.tar.gz'进行下载。我已经下载了这个，并按照上面指南文档中的步骤进行操作，最后成功，测试结果与预期的一致，如下所示：

enter image description here

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