我正在努力为我的单元测试模拟所需的HttpContext。
我使用SessionManager接口从具有Mvc控制器的会话中抽象出对会话的控制，并使用名为CookieSessionManager的类实现了该控制。 （早期开发阶段）。
CookieSessionManager使用注入的单例HttpContext（在Startup.cs ConfigureServices中）使用HttpContextAccessor。
我使用的Cookie身份验证是在Startup.cs中使用app.UseCookieAuthentication设置的。
在调试模式下手动测试可按预期工作
我为MSUnit课程编写的AccountController测试工作时注入了MockSessionManager课程。
我遇到的真正问题是我为CookieSessionManager课程编写的单元测试。我试图设置HttpContext，如下所示;
[TestClass]
public class CookieSessionManagerTest
{
private IHttpContextAccessor contextAccessor;
private HttpContext context;
private SessionManager sessionManager;
[TestInitialize]
public void Setup_CookieSessionManagerTest()
{
context = new DefaultHttpContext();
contextAccessor = new HttpContextAccessor();
contextAccessor.HttpContext = context;
sessionManager = new CookieSessionManager(contextAccessor);
}
错误
但是对sessionManager.Login(CreateValidApplicationUser());的调用似乎没有设置IsAuthenticated标志，而测试CookieSessionManager_Login_ValidUser_Authenticated_isTrue也失败了。
[TestMethod]
public void CookieSessionManager_Login_ValidUser_Authenticated_isTrue()
{
sessionManager.Login(CreateValidApplicationUser());
Assert.IsTrue(sessionManager.isAuthenticated());
}
public ApplicationUser CreateValidApplicationUser()
{
ApplicationUser applicationUser = new ApplicationUser();
applicationUser.UserName = "ValidUser";
//applicationUser.Password = "ValidPass";
return applicationUser;
}
测试名称：CookieSessionManager_Login_ValidUser_Authenticated_isTrue
：第43行测试结果：测试持续时间失败：0：00：00.0433169
结果StackTrace：在ClaimsWebAppTests.Identity.CookieSessionManagerTest.CookieSessionManager_Login_ValidUser_Authenticated_isTrue（）
CookieSessionManagerTest.cs：第46行结果消息：Assert.IsTrue失败。
我的代码
SessionManager
using ClaimsWebApp.Models;
namespace ClaimsWebApp.Identity
{
public interface SessionManager
{
bool isAuthenticated();
void Login(ApplicationUser applicationUser);
void Logout();
}
}
CookieSessionManager
using ClaimsWebApp.Identity;
using ClaimsWebApp.Models;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Security.Claims;
namespace ClaimsWebApp
{
public class CookieSessionManager : SessionManager
{
private List<ApplicationUser> applicationUsers;
private IHttpContextAccessor ContextAccessor;
private bool IsAuthenticated;
public CookieSessionManager(IHttpContextAccessor contextAccessor)
{
this.IsAuthenticated = false;
this.ContextAccessor = contextAccessor;
IsAuthenticated = ContextAccessor.HttpContext.User.Identity.IsAuthenticated;
applicationUsers = new List<ApplicationUser>();
applicationUsers.Add(new ApplicationUser { UserName = "ValidUser" });
}
public bool isAuthenticated()
{
return IsAuthenticated;
}
public void Login(ApplicationUser applicationUser)
{
if (applicationUsers.Find(m => m.UserName.Equals(applicationUser.UserName)) != null)
{
var identity = new ClaimsIdentity(new[] {
new Claim(ClaimTypes.Name, applicationUser.UserName)
},
"MyCookieMiddlewareInstance");
var principal = new ClaimsPrincipal(identity);
ContextAccessor.HttpContext.Authentication.SignInAsync("MyCookieMiddlewareInstance", principal);
IsAuthenticated = ContextAccessor.HttpContext.User.Identity.IsAuthenticated;
}
else
{
throw new Exception("User not found");
}
}
public void Logout()
{
ContextAccessor.HttpContext.Authentication.SignOutAsync("MyCookieMiddlewareInstance");
IsAuthenticated = ContextAccessor.HttpContext.User.Identity.IsAuthenticated;
}
}
}
Startup.cs
using ClaimsWebApp.Identity;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
namespace ClaimsWebApp
{
public class Startup
{
// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
// For more information on how to configure your application, visit http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=398940
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
services.AddMvc();
services.AddSingleton<IHttpContextAccessor, HttpContextAccessor>();
services.AddScoped<SessionManager, CookieSessionManager>();
}
// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env, ILoggerFactory loggerFactory)
{
loggerFactory.AddConsole();
app.UseCookieAuthentication(new CookieAuthenticationOptions()
{
AuthenticationScheme = "MyCookieMiddlewareInstance",
LoginPath = new PathString("/Account/Unauthorized/"),
AccessDeniedPath = new PathString("/Account/Forbidden/"),
AutomaticAuthenticate = true,
AutomaticChallenge = true
});
app.UseMvc(routes =>
{
routes.MapRoute(
name: "default",
template: "{controller=Account}/{action=Login}/{id?}");
});
}
}
}
CookieSessionManagerTest.cs
using ClaimsWebApp;
using ClaimsWebApp.Identity;
using ClaimsWebApp.Models;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
namespace ClaimsWebAppTests.Identity
{
[TestClass]
public class CookieSessionManagerTest
{
private IHttpContextAccessor contextAccessor;
private HttpContext context;
private SessionManager sessionManager;
[TestInitialize]
public void Setup_CookieSessionManagerTest()
{
context = new DefaultHttpContext();
contextAccessor = new HttpContextAccessor();
contextAccessor.HttpContext = context;
sessionManager = new CookieSessionManager(contextAccessor);
}
[TestMethod]
public void CookieSessionManager_Can_Be_Implemented()
{
Assert.IsInstanceOfType(sessionManager, typeof(SessionManager));
}
[TestMethod]
public void CookieSessionManager_Default_Authenticated_isFalse()
{
Assert.IsFalse(sessionManager.isAuthenticated());
}
[TestMethod]
public void CookieSessionManager_Login_ValidUser_Authenticated_isTrue()
{
sessionManager.Login(CreateValidApplicationUser());
Assert.IsTrue(sessionManager.isAuthenticated());
}
public ApplicationUser CreateValidApplicationUser()
{
ApplicationUser applicationUser = new ApplicationUser();
applicationUser.UserName = "ValidUser";
//applicationUser.Password = "ValidPass";
return applicationUser;
}
public ApplicationUser CreateInValidApplicationUser()
{
ApplicationUser applicationUser = new ApplicationUser();
applicationUser.UserName = "InValidUser";
//applicationUser.Password = "ValidPass";
return applicationUser;
}
}
}
答案 0 :(得分：7)
不幸的是，用HttpContext进行测试几乎是不可能的。它是一个密封的类，不使用任何接口，所以你不能嘲笑它。通常，最好的办法是抽象出与HttpContext一起使用的代码，然后再测试其他更多特定于应用程序的代码。
看起来您已经通过HttpContextAccessor完成了这项工作，但您的使用方法不正确。首先，你暴露了HttpContext实例，这几乎完全违背了整个目的。此类应该能够自行返回User.Identity.IsAuthenticated之类的内容，例如：httpContextAccessor.IsAuthenticated。在内部，该属性将访问私有HttpContext实例并返回结果。
一旦你以这种方式使用它，你就可以模拟HttpContextAccessor来简单地返回测试所需的内容，而你不必担心为它提供HttpContext实例
当然，这意味着仍然有一些未经测试的代码，即与HttpContext一起使用的访问器方法，但这些通常非常简单。例如，IsAuthenticated的代码就像return httpContext.User.Identity.IsAuthenticated。唯一能让你搞砸的方法就是如果你发脾气，但编译器会警告你。
答案 1 :(得分：2)
这并没有直接回答问题的背景，但它提供了另一种测试方法，当你开始使用它时，生活会变得如此简单。
有一个可用于ASP.NET Core的集成测试包，有关它的文档可以在这里找到：
https://docs.asp.net/en/latest/testing/integration-testing.html
享受！
答案 2 :(得分：0)
我为单元测试创建了此辅助功能，这使我可以测试那些需要httpRequest部分的特定方法。
public static IHttpContextAccessor GetHttpContext(string incomingRequestUrl, string host)
{
var context = new DefaultHttpContext();
context.Request.Path = incomingRequestUrl;
context.Request.Host = new HostString(host);
//Do your thing here...
var obj = new HttpContextAccessor();
obj.HttpContext = context;
return obj;
}
答案 3 :(得分：0)
您可以创建一个像下面这样继承 HttpContext 的测试类。并在需要的地方使用测试类。您可以在代码中添加缺少的实现。
public class TestHttpContext : HttpContext
{
[Obsolete]
public override AuthenticationManager Authentication
{
get { throw new NotImplementedException(); }
}
public override ConnectionInfo Connection
{
get { throw new NotImplementedException(); }
}
public override IFeatureCollection Features
{
get { throw new NotImplementedException(); }
}
public override IDictionary<object, object> Items
{
get { throw new NotImplementedException(); }
set { throw new NotImplementedException(); }
}
public override HttpRequest Request
{
get { throw new NotImplementedException(); }
}
public override CancellationToken RequestAborted
{
get { throw new NotImplementedException(); }
set { throw new NotImplementedException(); }
}
public override IServiceProvider RequestServices
{
get { throw new NotImplementedException(); }
set { throw new NotImplementedException(); }
}
HttpResponse _response;
public override HttpResponse Response
{
get
{
if (this._response == null)
{
this._response = new TestHttpResponse();
this._response.StatusCode = 999;
}
return this._response;
}
}
public override ISession Session
{
get { throw new NotImplementedException(); }
set { throw new NotImplementedException(); }
}
public override string TraceIdentifier
{
get { throw new NotImplementedException(); }
set { throw new NotImplementedException(); }
}
public override ClaimsPrincipal User
{
get { throw new NotImplementedException(); }
set { throw new NotImplementedException(); }
}
public override WebSocketManager WebSockets
{
get { throw new NotImplementedException(); }
}
public override void Abort()
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
}