使用Javascript在两个幻灯片之间切换

时间：2016-10-31 14:12:49

标签： javascript html slideshow

我有一个带幻灯片的网页。幻灯片显示有三张图片。我想在页面上有一个按钮，用户可以在这个幻灯片和另一个幻灯片之间切换五个不同的图片。如何使用JavaScript编程此按钮以及在HTML中添加第二张幻灯片？

当前HTML：

<div class="slideshow-container">
  <div class="mySlides fade">
    <div class="numbertext">1 / 3</div>
    <img src="img1.jpg" style="width:100%">
    <div class="text">Caption Text</div>
  </div>

  <div class="mySlides fade">
    <div class="numbertext">2 / 3</div>
    <img src="img2.jpg" style="width:100%">
    <div class="text">Caption Two</div>
  </div>

  <div class="mySlides fade">
    <div class="numbertext">3 / 3</div>
    <img src="img3.jpg" style="width:100%">
    <div class="text">Caption Three</div>
  </div>

  <a class="prev" onclick="plusSlides(-1)">&#10094;</a>
  <a class="next" onclick="plusSlides(1)">&#10095;</a>
</div>
<br>

<div style="text-align:center">
  <span class="dot" onclick="currentSlide(1)"></span>
  <span class="dot" onclick="currentSlide(2)"></span>
  <span class="dot" onclick="currentSlide(3)"></span>
</div>
<button>Switch Slideshow</button>

当前的CSS：

 /* Slideshow container */
.slideshow-container {
  max-width: 1000px;
  position: relative;
  margin: auto;
}

/* Next & previous buttons */
.prev, .next {
  cursor: pointer;
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  width: auto;
  margin-top: -22px;
  padding: 16px;
  color: white;
  font-weight: bold;
  font-size: 18px;
  transition: 0.6s ease;
  border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0;
}

/* Position the "next button" to the right */
.next {
  right: 0;
  border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px;
}

/* On hover, add a black background color with a little bit see-through */
.prev:hover, .next:hover {
  background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.8);
}

/* Caption text */
.text {
  color: #f2f2f2;
  font-size: 15px;
  padding: 8px 12px;
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 8px;
  width: 100%;
  text-align: center;
}

/* Number text (1/3 etc) */
.numbertext {
  color: #f2f2f2;
  font-size: 12px;
  padding: 8px 12px;
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
}

/* The dots/bullets/indicators */
.dot {
  cursor:pointer;
  height: 13px;
  width: 13px;
  margin: 0 2px;
  background-color: #bbb;
  border-radius: 50%;
  display: inline-block;
  transition: background-color 0.6s ease;
}

.active, .dot:hover {
  background-color: #717171;
}

/* Fading animation */
.fade {
  -webkit-animation-name: fade;
  -webkit-animation-duration: 1.5s;
  animation-name: fade;
  animation-duration: 1.5s;
}

@-webkit-keyframes fade {
  from {opacity: .4}
  to {opacity: 1}
}

@keyframes fade {
  from {opacity: .4}
  to {opacity: 1}
}

当前的JavaScript：

var slideIndex = 1;
showSlides(slideIndex);

function plusSlides(n) {
  showSlides(slideIndex += n);
}

function currentSlide(n) {
  showSlides(slideIndex = n);
}

function showSlides(n) {
  var i;
  var slides = document.getElementsByClassName("mySlides");
  var dots = document.getElementsByClassName("dot");
  if (n > slides.length) {slideIndex = 1}
  if (n < 1) {slideIndex = slides.length}
  for (i = 0; i < slides.length; i++) {
      slides[i].style.display = "none";
  }
  for (i = 0; i < dots.length; i++) {
      dots[i].className = dots[i].className.replace(" active", "");
  }
  slides[slideIndex-1].style.display = "block";
  dots[slideIndex-1].className += " active";
}

非常感谢提前！

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分：0)

在这里创建了plunker。请参考以下链接。

https://plnkr.co/edit/xso6MfwOxQJ4PlDpW90y?p=preview 

HTML
<div class="slideshow-container">
 <a class="prev" onclick="plusSlides(-1)">&#10094;</a>
 <a class="next" onclick="plusSlides(1)">&#10095;</a>
</div>
<br>

<div style="text-align:center">
 <span class="dot" onclick="currentSlide(1)"></span>
 <span class="dot" onclick="currentSlide(2)"></span>
 <span class="dot" onclick="currentSlide(3)"></span>
</div>
<button>Switch Slideshow</button>

JavaScript: 


var slideShowIndex = 1;
var slideShows= [
   [
        {

          'image': 'img1.jpg',
          'caption': 'Caption Text'
        },
        {
          'image': 'img1.jpg',
          'caption': 'Caption Text'
        },
        {
          'image': 'img1.jpg',
          'caption': 'Caption Text'
        }
    ],
    [
        {

          'image': 'img1.jpg',
          'caption': 'Caption Text'
        },
        {
          'image': 'img1.jpg',
          'caption': 'Caption Text'
        },
        {
          'image': 'img1.jpg',
          'caption': 'Caption Text'
        },
         {
          'image': 'img1.jpg',
          'caption': 'Caption Text'
        },
         {
          'image': 'img1.jpg',
          'caption': 'Caption Text'
        }
    ]
  ]

buildSlideShow();

var slideIndex = 1;
showSlides(slideIndex);

function plusSlides(n) {
  showSlides(slideIndex += n);
}

function currentSlide(n) {
  showSlides(slideIndex = n);
}


function showSlides(n) {
  var i;
  var slides = document.getElementsByClassName("mySlides");
  var dots = document.getElementsByClassName("dot");
  if (n > slides.length) {slideIndex = 1}
  if (n < 1) {slideIndex = slides.length}
  for (i = 0; i < slides.length; i++) {
      slides[i].style.display = "none";
  }
  for (i = 0; i < dots.length; i++) {
      dots[i].className = dots[i].className.replace(" active", "");
  }
  slides[slideIndex-1].style.display = "block";
  dots[slideIndex-1].className += " active";
}


function buildSlideShow(){
  var slideText = '';
  var slides = document.getElementsByClassName("slideshow-container");
  var slidesToRender = slideShows[slideShowIndex-1];
  slidesToRender.forEach(function(value,index){
    slideText += '<div class="mySlides fade"><div class="numbertext">'+ index+1+ '/'+slidesToRender.length + '</div><img src="'+value.image+'" style="width:100%"><div class="text">'+value.caption+'</div></div>';
  });
  slides[0].innerHtml = slideText;

}

希望这适合你。

答案 1 :(得分：0)

嗯，您需要首先能够动态创建幻灯片。只有这样，您才能交换不同的幻灯片。我试着不重构你现有的代码。另外，我没有使用jQuery（我会亲自使用）。只需为每张幻灯片生成标记并将其设置在幻灯片div上。我不得不创建一个内部div，这样按钮就不会被覆盖。

var slideshowIndex = 1;
var slideIndex = 1;
var slideshows = [
  [
    'http://placehold.it/500x300/f00/0ff?text=Foo',
    'http://placehold.it/500x300/0f0/f0f?text=Bar',
    'http://placehold.it/500x300/00f/ff0?text=Baz'
  ], [
    'http://placehold.it/500x300/f70/07f?text=Fizz',
    'http://placehold.it/500x300/0f7/f07?text=Buzz',
    'http://placehold.it/500x300/70f/7f0?text=Bang'
  ]
];
var buttonTextArr = [ 'Show Images', 'Show Pages' ];
function createSlides(slides) {
  return slides.map(function(slide, index) {
    return [
      '<div class="mySlides fade">',
      '<div class="numbertext">' + (index + 1) + ' / ' + slides.length + '</div>',
      '<img src="' + slide + '">',
      '<div class="text">Caption #' + (index + 1) + '</div>',
      '</div>'
    ].join('');
  }).join('');
}
function createDots(slides) {
  return slides.map(function(slide, index) {
    return '<span class="dot" onclick="currentSlide(' + (index + 1) + ')"></span>'
  }).join('');
}
function loadSlideshow(slides) {
  document.getElementsByClassName('slideshow-slides')[0].innerHTML = createSlides(slides);
  document.getElementsByClassName('dots')[0].innerHTML = createDots(slides);
}
function loadNextSlideshow() {
  slideshowIndex = (slideshowIndex + 1) % 2;
  loadSlideshow(slideshows[slideshowIndex]);
  slideIndex = 1; // Reset index
  showSlides(slideIndex);
  document.getElementsByClassName('switch')[0].innerHTML = buttonTextArr[slideshowIndex];
}

loadNextSlideshow(); // Load the slideshow

function plusSlides(n) {
  showSlides(slideIndex += n);
}
function currentSlide(n) {
  showSlides(slideIndex = n);
}
function showSlides(n) {
  var i;
  var slides = document.getElementsByClassName("mySlides");
  var dots = document.getElementsByClassName("dot");
  if (n > slides.length) {
    slideIndex = 1
  }
  if (n < 1) {
    slideIndex = slides.length
  }
  for (i = 0; i < slides.length; i++) {
    slides[i].style.display = "none";
  }
  for (i = 0; i < dots.length; i++) {
    dots[i].className = dots[i].className.replace(" active", "");
  }
  slides[slideIndex - 1].style.display = "block";
  dots[slideIndex - 1].className += " active";
}
/* Slideshow container */
.slideshow-container {
  max-width: 1000px;
  position: relative;
  margin: auto;
}

/* Next & previous buttons */
.prev, .next {
  cursor: pointer;
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  width: auto;
  margin-top: -22px;
  padding: 16px;
  color: white;
  font-weight: bold;
  font-size: 18px;
  transition: 0.6s ease;
  border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0;
  text-shadow: 0.05em 0.05em 0.25em #000;
}

/* Position the "next button" to the right */
.next {
  right: 0;
  border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px;
}

/* On hover, add a black background color with a little bit see-through */
.prev:hover, .next:hover {
  background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8);
}

/* Caption text */
.text {
  color: #f2f2f2;
  font-size: 15px;
  padding: 8px 12px;
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 8px;
  width: 100%;
  text-align: center;
}

/* Number text (1/3 etc) */
.numbertext {
  color: #f2f2f2;
  font-size: 12px;
  padding: 8px 12px;
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
}

/* The dots/bullets/indicators */
.dot {
  cursor: pointer;
  height: 13px;
  width: 13px;
  margin: 0 2px;
  background-color: #bbb;
  border-radius: 50%;
  display: inline-block;
  transition: background-color 0.6s ease;
}
.active, .dot:hover {
  background-color: #717171;
}

/* Fading animation */
.fade {
  -webkit-animation-name: fade;
  -webkit-animation-duration: 1.5s;
  animation-name: fade;
  animation-duration: 1.5s;
}

@-webkit-keyframes fade {
  from { opacity: 0.4 }
  to   { opacity: 1 }
}
@keyframes fade {
  from { opacity: 0.4 }
  to   { opacity: 1 }
}
<div class="slideshow-container">
  <div class="slideshow-slides"></div>
  <a class="prev" onClick="plusSlides(-1)">&#10094;</a>
  <a class="next" onClick="plusSlides(1)">&#10095;</a>
</div>
<br />
<div class="dots" style="text-align:center"></div>
<button class="switch" onClick="loadNextSlideshow()">Switch Slideshow</button>

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