工作环境：
OpenCV使用以下cmake配置构建并安装OK build，并且所有“普通”功能都按预期工作
cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=DEBUG -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local -D WITH_CUDA=ON -D ENABLE_FAST_MATH=1 -D CUDA_FAST_MATH=1 -D WITH_CUBLAS=1 -D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=../../opencv_contrib-3.1.0/modules -D PYTHON_INCLUDE_DIR=$(python-config --prefix)/include/python2.7 -D BUILD_TESTS=OFF -D BUILD_PERF_TESTS=OFF -D BUILD_DOCS=OFF -D BUILD_EXAMPLES=ON ..
cmake报告的OpenCV配置：
-- General configuration for OpenCV 3.1.0 =====================================
-- Version control: d097d6d
--
-- Platform:
-- Host: Linux 4.2.0-27-generic x86_64
-- CMake: 3.4.3
-- CMake generator: Unix Makefiles
-- CMake build tool: /usr/bin/make
-- Configuration: DEBUG
--
-- C/C++:
-- Built as dynamic libs?: YES
-- C++ Compiler: /usr/bin/c++ (ver 4.8.4)
-- C++ flags (Release): -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Werror=return-type -Werror=non-virtual-dtor -Werror=address -Werror=sequence-point -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wsign-promo -Wno-narrowing -Wno-delete-non-virtual-dtor -fdiagnostics-show-option -Wno-long-long -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -ffast-math -msse -msse2 -mno-avx -msse3 -mno-ssse3 -mno-sse4.1 -mno-sse4.2 -ffunction-sections -fvisibility=hidden -fvisibility-inlines-hidden -O3 -DNDEBUG -DNDEBUG
-- C++ flags (Debug): -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Werror=return-type -Werror=non-virtual-dtor -Werror=address -Werror=sequence-point -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wsign-promo -Wno-narrowing -Wno-delete-non-virtual-dtor -fdiagnostics-show-option -Wno-long-long -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -ffast-math -msse -msse2 -mno-avx -msse3 -mno-ssse3 -mno-sse4.1 -mno-sse4.2 -ffunction-sections -fvisibility=hidden -fvisibility-inlines-hidden -g -O0 -DDEBUG -D_DEBUG
-- C Compiler: /usr/bin/cc
-- C flags (Release): -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Werror=return-type -Werror=non-virtual-dtor -Werror=address -Werror=sequence-point -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wmissing-prototypes -Wstrict-prototypes -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wno-narrowing -fdiagnostics-show-option -Wno-long-long -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -ffast-math -msse -msse2 -mno-avx -msse3 -mno-ssse3 -mno-sse4.1 -mno-sse4.2 -ffunction-sections -fvisibility=hidden -O3 -DNDEBUG -DNDEBUG
-- C flags (Debug): -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Werror=return-type -Werror=non-virtual-dtor -Werror=address -Werror=sequence-point -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wmissing-prototypes -Wstrict-prototypes -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wno-narrowing -fdiagnostics-show-option -Wno-long-long -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -ffast-math -msse -msse2 -mno-avx -msse3 -mno-ssse3 -mno-sse4.1 -mno-sse4.2 -ffunction-sections -fvisibility=hidden -g -O0 -DDEBUG -D_DEBUG
-- Linker flags (Release):
-- Linker flags (Debug):
-- Precompiled headers: YES
-- Extra dependencies: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpng.so /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtiff.so /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libjasper.so /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libjpeg.so gtk-x11-2.0 gdk-x11-2.0 atk-1.0 gio-2.0 pangoft2-1.0 pangocairo-1.0 gdk_pixbuf-2.0 cairo pango-1.0 fontconfig gobject-2.0 freetype gthread-2.0 glib-2.0 dc1394 v4l1 v4l2 avcodec avformat avutil swscale dl m pthread rt cudart nppc nppi npps cublas cufft -L/usr/local/cuda/lib64
-- 3rdparty dependencies: libwebp IlmImf libprotobuf
--
-- OpenCV modules:
-- To be built: cudev core cudaarithm flann imgproc ml reg surface_matching video cudabgsegm cudafilters cudaimgproc cudawarping dnn fuzzy imgcodecs photo shape videoio cudacodec highgui objdetect plot xobjdetect xphoto bgsegm bioinspired dpm face features2d line_descriptor saliency text calib3d ccalib cudafeatures2d cudalegacy cudaobjdetect cudaoptflow cudastereo datasets rgbd stereo structured_light superres tracking videostab xfeatures2d ximgproc aruco optflow stitching python2
-- Disabled: world contrib_world
-- Disabled by dependency: -
-- Unavailable: java python3 ts viz cvv hdf matlab sfm
--
-- GUI:
-- QT: NO
-- GTK+ 2.x: YES (ver 2.24.23)
-- GThread : YES (ver 2.40.2)
-- GtkGlExt: NO
-- OpenGL support: NO
-- VTK support: NO
--
-- Media I/O:
-- ZLib: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so (ver 1.2.8)
-- JPEG: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libjpeg.so (ver )
-- WEBP: build (ver 0.3.1)
-- PNG: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpng.so (ver 1.2.50)
-- TIFF: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtiff.so (ver 42 - 4.0.3)
-- JPEG 2000: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libjasper.so (ver 1.900.1)
-- OpenEXR: build (ver 1.7.1)
-- GDAL: NO
--
-- Video I/O:
-- DC1394 1.x: NO
-- DC1394 2.x: YES (ver 2.2.1)
-- FFMPEG: YES
-- codec: YES (ver 54.35.0)
-- format: YES (ver 54.20.4)
-- util: YES (ver 52.3.0)
-- swscale: YES (ver 2.1.1)
-- resample: NO
-- gentoo-style: YES
-- GStreamer: NO
-- OpenNI: NO
-- OpenNI PrimeSensor Modules: NO
-- OpenNI2: NO
-- PvAPI: NO
-- GigEVisionSDK: NO
-- UniCap: NO
-- UniCap ucil: NO
-- V4L/V4L2: Using libv4l1 (ver 1.0.1) / libv4l2 (ver 1.0.1)
-- XIMEA: NO
-- Xine: NO
-- gPhoto2: NO
--
-- Parallel framework: pthreads
--
-- Other third-party libraries:
-- Use IPP: 9.0.1 [9.0.1]
-- at: /home/developer/projects/opencv/3rdparty/ippicv/unpack/ippicv_lnx
-- Use IPP Async: NO
-- Use VA: NO
-- Use Intel VA-API/OpenCL: NO
-- Use Eigen: NO
-- Use Cuda: YES (ver 7.5)
-- Use OpenCL: YES
-- Use custom HAL: NO
--
-- NVIDIA CUDA
-- Use CUFFT: YES
-- Use CUBLAS: YES
-- USE NVCUVID: NO
-- NVIDIA GPU arch: 20 21 30 35
-- NVIDIA PTX archs: 30
-- Use fast math: YES
--
-- OpenCL:
-- Version: dynamic
-- Include path: /home/developer/projects/opencv/3rdparty/include/opencl/1.2
-- Use AMDFFT: NO
-- Use AMDBLAS: NO
--
-- Python 2:
-- Interpreter: /usr/bin/python2.7 (ver 2.7.6)
-- Libraries: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython2.7.so (ver 2.7.6)
-- numpy: /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/core/include (ver 1.8.2)
-- packages path: lib/python2.7/dist-packages
--
-- Python 3:
-- Interpreter: /usr/bin/python3.4 (ver 3.4.3)
--
-- Python (for build): /usr/bin/python2.7
--
-- Java:
-- ant: NO
-- JNI: NO
-- Java wrappers: NO
-- Java tests: NO
--
-- Matlab: Matlab not found or implicitly disabled
--
-- Tests and samples:
-- Tests: NO
-- Performance tests: NO
-- C/C++ Examples: YES
--
-- Install path: /usr/local
--
-- cvconfig.h is in: /home/developer/projects/opencv/build
-- -----------------------------------------------------------------
然而任何调用opencv gpu加速CUDA功能的尝试都会导致分段错误。 samples / gpu中的所有示例项目都不会正常运行。看起来非平凡的CUDA函数在初始函数调用中会出现错误，但是已经观察到一些微不足道的CUDA函数，例如getCudaEnabledDeviceCount（）和printShortCudaDeviceInfo（）确实执行OK并返回合理数据，但后续的opencv调用（>不一定是CUDA函数）随后会出现故障。
我尝试从/usr/local/cuda-7.5/samples（1_utilities / deviceQuery，1_utilities / bandwithTest）构建并运行几个CUDA库样本，看起来很好。
表现出问题的简单程序：
生成文件
CFLAGS = `pkg-config --cflags opencv`
LIBS = `pkg-config --libs opencv`
fail : fail.cpp
g++ $(CFLAGS) $< $(LIBS) -o $@
fail.cpp
#include "opencv2/cvconfig.h"
#include "opencv2/core.hpp"
#include "opencv2/cudaarithm.hpp"
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;
using namespace cv::cuda;
int main(int argc, const char* argv[])
{
int i = getCudaEnabledDeviceCount();
Mat src(1000, 1000, CV_32F);
Mat dst;
printf("got to here #1\n");
cv::transpose(src, dst);
printf("got to here #2\n");
return 0;
}
节目输出：
got to here #1
Segmentation fault (core dumped)
注释掉getCudaEnabledDeviceCount（）语句，它会按预期运行完成。
一些气味就像opencv和CUDA库之间的调用约定不匹配或类似的东西，但会认为这应该“正常工作”......
[编辑]
启用核心转储后，在gdb中获取以下调用堆栈...
developer@odin:~/projects/temp/opencv_CUDA$ gdb -c core -e fail
GNU gdb (Ubuntu 7.7.1-0ubuntu5~14.04.2) 7.7.1
Copyright (C) 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. Type "show copying"
and "show warranty" for details.
This GDB was configured as "x86_64-linux-gnu".
Type "show configuration" for configuration details.
For bug reporting instructions, please see:
<http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/bugs/>.
Find the GDB manual and other documentation resources online at:
<http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/documentation/>.
For help, type "help".
Type "apropos word" to search for commands related to "word".
warning: exec file is newer than core file.
[New LWP 28690]
[New LWP 28691]
[Thread debugging using libthread_db enabled]
Using host libthread_db library "/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libthread_db.so.1".
Core was generated by `./fail'.
Program terminated with signal SIGSEGV, Segmentation fault.
#0 __GI___pthread_mutex_lock (mutex=0x0) at ../nptl/pthread_mutex_lock.c:66
66 ../nptl/pthread_mutex_lock.c: No such file or directory.
(gdb) bt
#0 __GI___pthread_mutex_lock (mutex=0x0) at ../nptl/pthread_mutex_lock.c:66
#1 0x00007f9e85782008 in ?? () from /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libnvidia-opencl.so.1
#2 0x00007f9e85836671 in ?? () from /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libnvidia-opencl.so.1
#3 0x00007f9e858367e5 in ?? () from /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libnvidia-opencl.so.1
#4 0x00007f9e85787cb4 in ?? () from /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libnvidia-opencl.so.1
#5 0x00007f9e857894e7 in ?? () from /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libnvidia-opencl.so.1
#6 0x00007f9e8575cc66 in ?? () from /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libnvidia-opencl.so.1
#7 0x00007f9e8565bf3d in ?? () from /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libnvidia-opencl.so.1
#8 0x00007f9e8565bed8 in ?? () from /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libnvidia-opencl.so.1
#9 0x00007f9e85fe2022 in ?? () from /usr/local/cuda/lib64/libOpenCL.so
#10 0x00007f9e85fe3d42 in ?? () from /usr/local/cuda/lib64/libOpenCL.so
#11 0x00007f9e85fe34d0 in clGetPlatformIDs () from /usr/local/cuda/lib64/libOpenCL.so
#12 0x00007f9e895cea83 in (anonymous namespace)::opencl_fn3<58, int, unsigned int, _cl_platform_id**, unsigned int*>::switch_fn (p1=0, p2=0x0,
p3=0x7ffe56410aac) at /home/developer/projects/opencv/modules/core/src/opencl/runtime/autogenerated/opencl_core_impl.hpp:127
#13 0x00007f9e8965c452 in cv::ocl::haveOpenCL () at /home/developer/projects/opencv/modules/core/src/ocl.cpp:1466
#14 0x00007f9e8965c4af in cv::ocl::useOpenCL () at /home/developer/projects/opencv/modules/core/src/ocl.cpp:1487
#15 0x00007f9e896a6962 in cv::transpose (_src=..., _dst=...) at /home/developer/projects/opencv/modules/core/src/matrix.cpp:3235
#16 0x0000000000400f3c in ?? ()
#17 0x00007ffe56410e88 in ?? ()
#18 0x0000000156410df8 in ?? ()
#19 0x00007ffe56410dd0 in ?? ()
#20 0x000000018a755d48 in ?? ()
#21 0x0000000001010000 in ?? ()
#22 0x00007ffe56410cd0 in ?? ()
#23 0x0000000000000000 in ?? ()
答案 0 :(得分：1)
在Web上发现了一些与上述调用堆栈的匹配，这些匹配表明根问题存在于nvidia驱动程序中的错误。从361.93升级到367.57（我的GeForce GTX 970卡的当前驱动程序）似乎已经解决了问题。