可选的命令行参数

时间:2016-11-20 23:35:49

标签: python options spyder getopt

考虑到这样的代码,我如何在运行选项中实际设置文件?

我正在使用Spyder并将-h -s -p -o作为参数,但我不确定如何为-o选项指定命名文件。

class CommandLine:
    def __init__(self):
        opts, args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:],'hspw:o:')
        opts = dict(opts)

        if '-o' in opts:
            self.outfile = opts['-o']
        else:
            self.outfile = None

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:7)

这是一个处理argpase的简单教程。

但首先,如果你想在使用argparse模块时有更多的控制权,我建议你阅读official documentation

此外,如果您想将参数传递给Spyder,我建议@Carlos Cordoba的答案建议您查看answer

我的教程脚本:

import argparse

class CommandLine:
    def __init__(self):
        parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description = "Description for my parser")
        parser.add_argument("-H", "--Help", help = "Example: Help argument", required = False, default = "")
        parser.add_argument("-s", "--save", help = "Example: Save argument", required = False, default = "")
        parser.add_argument("-p", "--print", help = "Example: Print argument", required = False, default = "")
        parser.add_argument("-o", "--output", help = "Example: Output argument", required = False, default = "")

        argument = parser.parse_args()
        status = False

        if argument.Help:
            print("You have used '-H' or '--Help' with argument: {0}".format(argument.Help))
            status = True
        if argument.save:
            print("You have used '-s' or '--save' with argument: {0}".format(argument.save))
            status = True
        if argument.print:
            print("You have used '-p' or '--print' with argument: {0}".format(argument.print))
            status = True
        if argument.output:
            print("You have used '-o' or '--output' with argument: {0}".format(argument.output))
            status = True
        if not status:
            print("Maybe you want to use -H or -s or -p or -p as arguments ?") 


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = CommandLine()

现在,在您的终端或Spyder

$ python3 my_script.py -H Help -s Save -p Print -o Output

输出:

You have used '-H' or '--Help' with argument: Help
You have used '-s' or '--save' with argument: Save
You have used '-p' or '--print' with argument: Print
You have used '-o' or '--output' with argument: Output

当您使用-h--help作为参数时,您将获得此输出:

$ python3 my_script.py -h

输出:

usage: my_script.py [-h] [-H HELP] [-s SAVE] [-p PRINT] [-o OUTPUT]

Description for my parser

optional arguments:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  -H HELP, --Help HELP  Example: Help argument
  -s SAVE, --save SAVE  Example: Save argument
  -p PRINT, --print PRINT
                        Example: Print argument
  -o OUTPUT, --output OUTPUT
                        Example: Output argument