策略模式 - 如何注入策略 - NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException

时间:2017-01-18 20:12:17

标签: java spring dependency-injection strategy-pattern

我正在开发一个在SmsService中实现多个提供程序的解决方案。我需要一种方法从我的Context中注入策略类。问题是选择取决于外部属性。当我尝试部署此代码时,我得到了

org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type

我在这里向您展示我的代码:

提供商界面

public interface SmsProvider {

    public Integer send(String user, String password,List<Sms> list);

}

上下文类

@Component
public class ContextProvider {

private @Inject
    MessageDAO messageDAO;

private @Inject
    SmsProvider strategy;

public Integer send(String user,String password) {

        List<Sms> list = extractSmsList();

        return strategy.send(user,password, list);
}
public void setStrategy(SmsProvider strategy) {
        this.strategy = strategy;
    }

策略A

@Component("provider1")
public class Provider1 implements SmsProvider {

private @Inject
    MessageDAO messageDAO;

public Integer send(String user, String password, List<Sms> list) {

Status serviceErrorStatus = messageDAO.find(Status.class, 400);
...
}

策略B

@Component("provider2")
public class Provider2 implements SmsProvider{

private @Inject
    MessageDAO messageDAO;

@Override
    public Integer send(String user, String password, List<Sms> list) {
        Status serviceErrorStatus = messageDAO.find(Status.class, 400);
...
}

使用策略。 在这个类中,我获取属性并在switch子句中选择策略。

    @Component
    public class SmsServiceImpl implements SmsService{

        @Value("${net.mycompany.sms.service.smsProvider}")
        private int smsProvider;
        private @Inject
        MessageDAO messageDAO;
        private @Inject 
        ContextProvider context;
    ....
        public Integer send(String user,String password) {

        LOG.debug("Sms provider property setted at: '{}'",smsProvider);
        switch (smsProvider) {
        case 1:
            context.setStrategy(new Provider1());
            return context.send(user, password);
        case 2: 
            context.setStrategy(new Provider2());
            return context.send(user, password);
        }
}

我还尝试删除策略类中的 @Component 和Context类中smsProvider声明中的 @Inject ,我在Dao类中得到一个NullPointerException我真的需要这个道具。 我正在使用 Spring 3.2.16-RELEASE 和Java 7.0.15 请帮忙。任何指针都会有所帮助 提前致谢

EDIT 我在tomcat 6服务器中添加了栈跟踪:

14:58:48.044 - mycompany_myCompanyFramework_Init[ERROR] - [main] ERROR o.s.web.context.ContextLoader - Context initialization failed
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'smsBC': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private net.mycompany.mc.messaging.service.MessageService net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.bc.SmsBCImpl.smsService; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'smsService': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.impl.ContextProvider net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.impl.SmsServiceImpl.context; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'contextProvider': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.SmsProvider net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.impl.ContextProvider.strategy; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.SmsProvider] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@javax.inject.Inject()}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:289) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1146) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:519) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:458) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:296) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:223) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:293) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:194) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:628) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:932) ~[spring-context-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:479) ~[spring-context-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:389) ~[spring-web-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:294) ~[spring-web-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:112) [spring-web-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at net.mycompany.mycompanyframework.component.web.spring.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:37) [mycompanyFramework-web-3.4.5.jar:na]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4210) [catalina.jar:6.0.39]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4709) [catalina.jar:6.0.39]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1057) [catalina.jar:6.0.39]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:822) [catalina.jar:6.0.39]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1057) [catalina.jar:6.0.39]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:463) [catalina.jar:6.0.39]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:525) [catalina.jar:6.0.39]
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:754) [catalina.jar:6.0.39]
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:595) [catalina.jar:6.0.39]
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:1.7.0_15]
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57) ~[na:1.7.0_15]
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:1.7.0_15]
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601) ~[na:1.7.0_15]
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:289) [bootstrap.jar:6.0.39]
    at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:414) [bootstrap.jar:6.0.39]
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private net.mycompany.mc.messaging.service.MessageService net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.bc.SmsBCImpl.smsService; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'smsService': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.impl.ContextProvider net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.impl.SmsServiceImpl.context; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'contextProvider': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.SmsProvider net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.impl.ContextProvider.strategy; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.SmsProvider] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@javax.inject.Inject()}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:517) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:286) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    ... 29 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'smsService': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.impl.ContextProvider net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.impl.SmsServiceImpl.context; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'contextProvider': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.SmsProvider net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.impl.ContextProvider.strategy; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.SmsProvider] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@javax.inject.Inject()}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:289) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1146) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:519) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:458) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:296) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:223) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:293) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:194) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.findAutowireCandidates(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:912) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:855) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:770) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:489) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    ... 31 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.impl.ContextProvider net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.impl.SmsServiceImpl.context; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'contextProvider': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.SmsProvider net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.impl.ContextProvider.strategy; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.SmsProvider] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@javax.inject.Inject()}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:517) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:286) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    ... 42 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'contextProvider': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.SmsProvider net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.impl.ContextProvider.strategy; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.SmsProvider] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@javax.inject.Inject()}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:289) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1146) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:519) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:458) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:296) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:223) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:293) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:194) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.findAutowireCandidates(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:912) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:855) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:770) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:489) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    ... 44 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.SmsProvider net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.impl.ContextProvider.strategy; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.SmsProvider] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@javax.inject.Inject()}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:517) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:286) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    ... 55 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [net.mycompany.mc.messaging.sms.service.SmsProvider] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@javax.inject.Inject()}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoSuchBeanDefinitionException(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:988) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:858) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:770) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:489) ~[spring-beans-3.2.6.RELEASE.jar:3.2.6.RELEASE]
    ... 57 common frames omitted

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

我将利用Spring提供的FactoryBean接口,并在适当的位置封装SmsProvider的创建。 当您使用注释配置时,然后根据您的类定义,FactoryBean配置将如下所示:

首先:我们根据注入的外部属性封装策略选择:

@Component
public class SmsProviderFactoryBean implements FactoryBean<SmsProvider>{

    @Inject
    private ApplicationContext applicationContext;

    @Value("${net.mycompany.sms.service.smsProvider}")
    private int smsProvider;

    @Override
    public SmsProvider getObject() throws Exception {
        SmsProvider smsProvider = null;

        switch (smsProvider) {
            case 1:
                smsProvider = (SmsProvider) applicationContext.getBean("provider1");
            case 2:
                smsProvider = (SmsProvider) applicationContext.getBean("provider2");
        }

        return smsProvider;
    }
}

第二:定义配置bean,当&#39; smsProvider&#39;时,将使用getSmsProvder()方法。 bean将被注入其他bean:

@Component
public class Configuration {

    @Inject
    private ApplicationContext applicationContext;

    @Bean(name = "smsProvider")
    public SmsProvider getSmsProvider() throws Exception {
        return applicationContext.getBean(SmsProviderFactoryBean.class)
                .getObject();
    }
}

第三:在注入&#39; smsProvider时添加@Qualifer。 (根据您使用的弹簧版本,这可能不是必需的):

@Component
public class ContextProvider {

@Inject
@Qualifier("smsProvider")
private SmsProvider strategy;

试一试。

答案 1 :(得分:0)

您可以使用弹簧配置文件。 使用配置文件注释每个实现:

@Component("provider1")
@Profile("provider1")
public class Provider1 implements SmsProvider {...}

@Component("provider2")
@Profile("provider2")
public class Provider2 implements SmsProvider {...}

启动应用程序时,请激活其中一个配置文件。使用spring boot,您可以通过在命令行或属性文件中设置属性“spring.profiles.active”来完成此操作,例如

spring.profiles.active=profile1
  • 您可以根据需要命名配置文件,但为了简单起见,我使用与组件相同的名称
  • 使用@Profile注释组件类仅在使用ComponentScan时有效,如果使用Java配置,则需要注释@Bean方法
  • 您可以在spring doc
  • 中找到有关使用spring-boot的配置文件的更多信息
  • 您也可以在没有弹簧启动的情况下使用配置文件,请参阅此tutorial
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