从fgets中读取的奇怪字符（但不在文件中）
我正在制作一个程序来从文本文件中检索记录行（records_file.txt）。文本文件存储3列数据（名称，电话，地址）。对于文件中的每个记录行，列值由＆＃34; |＆＃34;分隔。
我写的检索记录号的函数有列号（1或2 - 名称或电话）和字段值的参数。该函数从文件中读取每条记录行（使用fgets），添加＆＃34; |＆＃34;开始，找到与给定列对应的bar（|）位置。 然后，函数收集条形位置之间的字符，并将其与“＆＃39;值”进行比较。功能论证。如果匹配，则函数返回当前行号。
该函数几乎可以工作，除了从文件中读取的文本中有异常字符。打开时我在文件中看不到这些字符。试过很多事情，比如（？）重置readbuffer或关闭文件。但问题仍然存在。
端子输出如图所示。字符在＆＃34; ---- LINE x ----＆＃34;下面，并在行中显示＆＃34;字符串行是：％s＆＃34;。在这种情况下，它们是一个包含＆＃34;？＆＃34;但在此之前我也看到了其他人（比如＆＃34;＆lt;＆＃34;和字母）
我能做些什么来完成这项工作？ （我需要（bar）字符串行只有：| test1 | 111 222 333 | 50，sams st etc）
这是txt文件的当前内容：
test fo|222 222 222|53,sams st
test1|111 222 333|50,sams st
test 2|555 666 333|51,sams st
test three|444 777 222|52,sams st
这是代码：
#include <dirent.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h> //mkdir
#include <stdio.h> //printf
#include <errno.h> //error number
#include <unistd.h> //access
#include <string.h> //strcat
#include <ctype.h> //isspace
#include <stdlib.h>//malloc
int searchRec(int column, char* value);
int checkFile();
//assumes looking for exact match
//check column 1 or 2
int searchRecord(int column,char* value){
printf("\n- starting searchRecord function -");
int returnint = 0; //value to return
//gates used for getting bar positions
int g1 =0; //bar 1
int g2 =0; //bar 2
int g3 =0; //bar 3
if(column == 1){
g1 = 1;
g2 = 1;
}else if(column == 2){
g2 = 1;
g3 = 1;
}
printf("\ngates are: g1:%d g2:%d g3:%d",g1,g2,g3);
int lineNo = 0; //track line number in file
int txtexists = checkFile(); //check "records_file.txt" file exists using opendir and access functions
if(txtexists==1){
FILE* file = fopen("./data/records_file.txt","r");
if(file==NULL){ printf("\nfopen error"); returnint = -3; return returnint; }
char readbuffer[250] = "";
while(fgets(readbuffer,250,file)){ //loop through file lines
printf("\n--------LINE %d-------\n",lineNo);
//get string segment from column
char bar[strlen(readbuffer)+1]; //string with | added to start
bar[0] = '|';
strcat(bar,readbuffer);
printf("\nstring line read from file is - %s", bar);
int position1 = 0; //first bar index
int position2 = 0; //second bar index
int barpos = -1;
int pass = 0;
int i1 = 0; //char index counter
//loop for position1 and position2 of bars
for(int i = 0; i < 2; i++){
printf("\ngetting | %d position",i+1);
printf("\ni1 cycle(%d) : %d",i,i1);
//loop through characters of (bar)line
for( ; i1 < strlen(bar); i1++){
char c = bar[i1];
printf("\ncharacter : %c, position :%d",c,i1);
if(c=='|'){
pass++;
printf("\nchar is |, pass is :%d, ",pass);
if(pass == 1){
if(g1 == 1){ barpos = i1; printf("g1 open, barpos is %d \n",barpos); i1++; break; }
}else if(pass == 2){
if(g2 == 1){ barpos = i1; printf("g2 open, barpos is %d \n",barpos); i1++; break; }
}else if(pass == 3){
if(g3 == 1){ barpos = i1; printf("g3 open, barpos is %d \n",barpos); i1++; break; }
}
}
}
if(i==0){ position1 = barpos; } else { position2 = barpos; }
printf("\n\nposition1 is: %d, position2 is: %d", position1,position2);
}
int stringsize = (position2 - position1)-2; // x|abvvcd| : 0 1 (2 3 4 5 6 7) 8
char cmp_str[stringsize+1];
cmp_str[0] = '\0';
int counter_start = position1+1;
int cmp_counter = 0;
for(int i = counter_start; i < position2; i++){
cmp_str[cmp_counter] = bar[i];
cmp_counter++;
}
cmp_str[stringsize+1] = '\0';
lineNo++;
//compare copied string with function argument
if(strcmp(cmp_str,value)==0){
printf("\n found match!");
returnint = lineNo;
break;
}else{ printf("\ndid not match...");}
memset(readbuffer,'\0',sizeof(readbuffer)); //reset line buffer?
}
if(returnint < 1){ returnint = -1; }
fclose(file);
}else{
printf("\ntxt file does not exist"); returnint = -3;
return returnint;
}
printf("\n- leaving searchRecord function -");
return returnint;
}
/* CHECKFILE function
(check if data directory and records_file txt file exist)
function returns 0 - file does not exist, 1 - file exists,
-1 - function fail */
int checkFile(){
printf("\n- starting records checkFile function -\n");
int exists = 0;
DIR* dirStream = opendir("data");
if(dirStream){
printf("\ndirectory exists");
if(access("./data/records_file.txt",F_OK) != -1){
printf("\nfile exists!");
exists = 1;
}else { printf("\nfile does not exist"); }
closedir(dirStream); //close directory stream
}else if(ENOENT == errno){
printf("\ndirectory does not exist");
}else{ printf("\nopendir failed (other reason)"); exists = -1; }
printf("\n- leaving records checkFile function -\n");
return exists;
}
int main(){
//addRecord(" test fo "," 53,sams st "," 222 222 222");
int result = searchRecord(1,"test 2");
printf("\nresult is: %d\n",result);
}
1 个答案:
答案 0 :(得分：0)
根据建议纠正的功能。这段代码似乎给出了正确的结果。不知道是否存在目前看不见或出现的故障。
第一位纠正码：
printf("\n--------LINE %d-------\n",lineNo);
//get string segment from column
char bar[strlen(readbuffer)+2]; //string with | added to start <=====+1 for \0 bar has no terminator
bar[0] = '|';
strcpy(bar+1,readbuffer);
strcat(bar,"\0");
第二次调整（以前是（pos2-pos1）-2）：
int stringsize = (position2 - position1)-1;
// x|abvvcd| : 0 1 (2 3 4 5 6 7) 8
// aaff|ccw|wff : 0 1 2 3 4 5 (6 7 8) 9 10 11 12
// qqe|essaaf|f : 0 1 2 3 4 (5 6 7 8 9 10) 11 12
整个函数（现在显示将字符复制到数组中）：
//assumes looking for exact match
//check column 1 or 2
int searchRecord(int column,char* value){
printf("\n- starting searchRecord function -");
int returnint = 0; //value to return
//gates used for getting bar positions
int g1 =0; //bar 1
int g2 =0; //bar 2
int g3 =0; //bar 3
if(column == 1){
g1 = 1;
g2 = 1;
}else if(column == 2){
g2 = 1;
g3 = 1;
}
printf("\ngates are: g1:%d g2:%d g3:%d",g1,g2,g3);
int lineNo = 0; //track line number in file
int txtexists = checkFile(); //check "records_file.txt" file exists using opendir and access functions
if(txtexists==1){
FILE* file = fopen("./data/records_file.txt","r");
if(file==NULL){ printf("\nfopen error"); returnint = -3; return returnint; }
char readbuffer[250] = "";
while(fgets(readbuffer,250,file)){ //loop through file lines
printf("\n--------LINE %d-------\n",lineNo);
//get string segment from column
char bar[strlen(readbuffer)+2]; //string with | added to start <=====+1 for \0 bar has no terminator
bar[0] = '|';
strcpy(bar+1,readbuffer);
strcat(bar,"\0");
printf("\nstring line read from file is - %s", bar);
int position1 = 0; //first bar index
int position2 = 0; //second bar index
int barpos = -1;
int pass = 0;
int i1 = 0; //char index counter
//loop for position1 and position2 of bars
for(int i = 0; i < 2; i++){
printf("\ngetting | %d position",i+1);
printf("\ni1 cycle(%d) : %d",i,i1);
//loop through characters of (bar)line
for( ; i1 < strlen(bar); i1++){
char c = bar[i1];
printf("\ncharacter : %c, position :%d",c,i1);
if(c=='|'){
pass++;
printf("\nchar is |, pass is :%d, ",pass);
if(pass == 1){
if(g1 == 1){ barpos = i1; printf("g1 open, barpos is %d \n",barpos); i1++; break; }
}else if(pass == 2){
if(g2 == 1){ barpos = i1; printf("g2 open, barpos is %d \n",barpos); i1++; break; }
}else if(pass == 3){
if(g3 == 1){ barpos = i1; printf("g3 open, barpos is %d \n",barpos); i1++; break; }
}
}
}
if(i==0){ position1 = barpos; } else { position2 = barpos; }
printf("\n\nposition1 is: %d, position2 is: %d", position1,position2);
}
int stringsize = (position2 - position1)-1;
// x|abvvcd| : 0 1 (2 3 4 5 6 7) 8
// aaff|ccw|wff : 0 1 2 3 4 5 (6 7 8) 9 10 11 12
// qqe|essaaf|f : 0 1 2 3 4 (5 6 7 8 9 10) 11 12
char cmp_str[stringsize+1];
cmp_str[0] = '\0';
int counter_start = position1+1;
int cmp_counter = 0;
printf("\nstring size is: %d",stringsize);
printf("\ncom_str size is: %d",stringsize+1);
printf("\ncounter start position is %d",counter_start);
printf("\ncompare counter is: %d",cmp_counter);
for(int i = counter_start; i < position2; i++){
cmp_str[cmp_counter] = bar[i];
printf("\nbar[%d]-(%c) goes to cmp_str[%d]",i,bar[i],cmp_counter);
cmp_counter++;
}
cmp_str[stringsize+1] = '\0';
lineNo++;
//compare copied string with function argument
if(strcmp(cmp_str,value)==0){
printf("\n found match!");
returnint = lineNo;
break;
}else{ printf("\ndid not match...");}
memset(readbuffer,'\0',sizeof(readbuffer)); //reset line buffer?
}
if(returnint < 1){ returnint = -1; }
fclose(file);
}else{
printf("\ntxt file does not exist"); returnint = -3;
return returnint;
}
printf("\n- leaving searchRecord function -");
return returnint;
}
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