Question

我希望在bash脚本中将格式为8.0.3.0的变量更改为8.0-3.0

所以它始终是破折号的中间小数点

最有效的方法是什么？

Answer 1

使用break，您可以为要替换的匹配项的后缀添加后缀：

GNU sed

Answer 2

如果您需要处理大量数据，可能值得尝试这种解决方案，这种解决方案并不简洁，但避免使用内部匹配来调用外部程序，因此可能会更快。

string=8.0.3.0
if
  [[ $string =~ ^([0-9])[.]([0-9])[.]([0-9])[.]([0-9])$ ]]
then
  newstring="${BASH_REMATCH[1]}.${BASH_REMATCH[2]}-${BASH_REMATCH[3]}.${BASH_REMATCH[4]}"
else
  echo "ERROR: no match on $string"
fi

Answer 3

您可以使用parameter expansion，如下所示：

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS

#define SIZE_MOVES 17

#include <stdio.h>

/* Include the GLUT library. This file (glut.h) contains gl.h and glu.h */
#include <GL\glew.h>
#include <GL\freeglut.h>

static int  left_click = GLUT_UP;
static int  right_click = GLUT_UP;
static int  xold;
static int  yold;
static float rotate_x = 146;
static float rotate_y = -26;

int width, height;

GLfloat light_ambient[] = { 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0 };
GLfloat light_diffuse[] = { 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0 };
GLfloat light_specular[] = { 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0 };
GLfloat light_position[] = { 0, 5, -10, 0 };

GLfloat mat_specular[] = { 0.3, 0.3, 0.3, 1.0 };
GLfloat mat_shininess[] = { 1 };


// colors
const GLfloat colors[2][4] = {
    { 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0 }, //white
    { 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0 } //black
};

// rgb
const GLfloat rgb[3][4] = {
    { 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0 },
    { 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0 },
    { 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0 }
};

void resetMaterial() {
    GLfloat c[] = { 1, 1, 1, 1 };
    glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_AMBIENT_AND_DIFFUSE, c);
    glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_SPECULAR, mat_specular);
    glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_SHININESS, mat_shininess);
}

void drawSquare(int color) {
    glPushMatrix(); {
        glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_AMBIENT_AND_DIFFUSE, colors[color]);

        glScalef(1, 0.5, 1);
        glutSolidCube(1);
    } glPopMatrix();
}

void drawBoard() {
    for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++)
        for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
            glPushMatrix(); {
                glTranslatef(i + 0.5, 0, j + 0.5);
                drawSquare((i + j) % 2);
            } glPopMatrix();
        }
}

void drawAxes() {
    glBegin(GL_LINES); {
        glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_AMBIENT_AND_DIFFUSE, rgb[0]);
        glVertex3f(-2, 0, 0); glVertex3f(5, 0, 0);
        glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_AMBIENT_AND_DIFFUSE, rgb[1]);
        glVertex3f(0, -2, 0); glVertex3f(0, 5, 0);
        glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_AMBIENT_AND_DIFFUSE, rgb[2]);
        glVertex3f(0, 0, -2); glVertex3f(0, 0, 5);
    } glEnd();
}

void letThereBeLight() {
    /*Add ambient light*/
    GLfloat ambientLight[] = { 0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f, 1.0f };
    glLightModelfv(GL_LIGHT_MODEL_AMBIENT, ambientLight);

    /*Add positioned light*/
    GLfloat lightColor1[] = { 0.2f, 0.2f, 0.1f, 1.0f };
    GLfloat lightPosition1[] = { -8, 8, 5, 0.0f };

    glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_SPECULAR, lightColor1);
    glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_POSITION, lightPosition1);

    /*Add directed light*/
    GLfloat lightColor2[] = { 0.3, 0.3, 0.3, 1.0f };
    GLfloat lightPosition2[] = { 8, 8, -5, 1.0f };
    glLightfv(GL_LIGHT1, GL_AMBIENT, lightColor2);
    glLightfv(GL_LIGHT1, GL_POSITION, lightPosition2);
}

void display(void) {
    // Clear frame buffer and depth buffer
    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);

    // Set up viewing transformation, looking down -Z axis
    glLoadIdentity();
    gluLookAt(0, 5, -15, 0, 0, 3, 0, 1, 0);

    letThereBeLight();

    resetMaterial();

    // Rotate view:
    glPushMatrix(); {
        glRotatef(rotate_y, 1, 0, 0);
        glRotatef(rotate_x, 0, 1, 0);

        glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_POSITION, light_position);

        glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_AMBIENT_AND_DIFFUSE, colors[0]);

        glPushMatrix(); {
            glTranslatef(-4, 0, -4); // Move to center
            drawBoard();
        } glPopMatrix();

        drawAxes(); // For debuging
    } glPopMatrix();

    /* End */
    glFlush();
    glutSwapBuffers();
}

void mouseFunc(int button, int state, int x, int y) {
    if (GLUT_LEFT_BUTTON == button)
        left_click = state;

    xold = x;
    yold = y;
}

void motionFunc(int x, int y) {
    if (GLUT_DOWN == left_click) {
        rotate_y = rotate_y + (y - yold) / 5.f;
        rotate_x = rotate_x + (x - xold) / 5.f;
        glutPostRedisplay();
    }

    xold = x;
    yold = y;
}


void reshapeFunc(int new_width, int new_height) {
    width = new_width;
    height = new_height;

    glViewport(0, 0, width, height);
    glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
    glLoadIdentity();
    gluPerspective(50, width / height, 1, 20);

    glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);

    glutPostRedisplay();
}

int main(int argc, char **argv) {
    /* Creation of the window */
    glutInit(&argc, argv);
    glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_RGB | GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_DEPTH);
    glutInitWindowSize(900, 600);
    glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);

    glutCreateWindow("Chess");

    glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE);
    glCullFace(GL_BACK);

    glEnable(GL_POLYGON_SMOOTH);
    glEnable(GL_LINE_SMOOTH);

    glEnable(GL_LIGHTING);
    glEnable(GL_LIGHT0);
    glEnable(GL_LIGHT1);
    glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH);
    glDisable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL);

    glEnable(GL_BLEND);
    glBlendFunc(GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA);

    /* Declaration of the callbacks */
    glutDisplayFunc(&display);
    glutReshapeFunc(&reshapeFunc);
    glutMouseFunc(&mouseFunc);
    glutMotionFunc(&motionFunc);

    /* Loop */
    glutMainLoop();

    /* Never reached */
    return 0;
}

Answer 4

如果awk是一个选择

awk '$0 = gensub( /\./, "-", 2 )' file
8.0-3.0

Bash用短划线替换中间小数点

4 个答案: