我是一名编程初学者，我正在尝试构建一个填空测验。我差不多完成了，但是我遇到了两个我无法解决的问题，无论我做什么。我非常感谢你对此的帮助。感谢您帮助我！
如果您尝试运行代码并玩游戏：
1）它根据难度（简单疯狂）和你想要玩的测验（苹果，债券和编程测验）打印测验，这很棒，但之后它会提示你再次选择难度（player_level（）函数即使玩家/用户已经选择了难度级别，我仍然继续前进。我真的不明白为什么会这样做？player_level（）程序对我来说似乎完全合情合理。
2）错误： a）在赋值之前引用的局部变量blanks_index b）未定义全局名称list_of_answers。 我知道它与initialize_game（）函数有关，但我不知道如何更改代码，因此它正确地引用了所有变量（blanks_index，answers_index，player_lives）。 它可以通过创建全局变量来解决（我猜）但这不是一个好习惯，所以我试图避免它。以前，整个函数initialise_game（）和play_game（）是一个函数，但是因为一个函数中有超过25行代码，所以它不是一个很好的实践，因为它很长而且很混乱，我知道我可以将它分开但是我不知道怎么回事。
以下是代码：
"""3 diffferent quizzes : Apple quiz, James Bond quiz, Programming quiz"""
"""Quiz and answers about Apple"""
Apple_quiz = ("The most valuable company in terms of market cap in 2016 is, ___1___."
"It was founded in ___2___. Its flagship product is called ___3___."
"___1___ has many competitors, the biggest rival is ___4___,founded by"
" nobody but the richest man on the planet,___5___ ___6___.")
list_of_answers_Apple = ["Apple", "1976", "Iphone", "Microsoft", "Bill", "Gates"]
"""Quiz and answers about Bond"""
Bond_quiz = ("James Bond is agent ___1___. He serves his country,___2___ ___3___"
" against its enemies. His car of choice is usually ___4___ ___5___."
" His favorite drink is ___6___.")
list_of_answers_Bond = ["007", "United", "Kingdom", "Aston", "Martin", "Martini"]
"""Quiz and answers about programming basics"""
Programming_quiz = ("___1___ are created with the def keyword. ___1___ are also called ___2___"
" You specify the inputs a ___1___ take by adding ___3___ separated by commas"
" between the parentheses. ___3___ can be standard data types such as string, number"
" ,dictionary, tuple, and ___4___ or can be more complicated such as ___5___"
" and ___6___ functions.")
list_of_answers_Programming = ["Functions", "procedures", "arguments", "lists", "objects", "lambda"]
blank_space = ["___1___", "___2___", "___3___", "___4___", "___5___", "___6___]"]
#List of levels with corresponding lives/guesses that player can have
quiz_list = ["Apple", "Bond", "Programming"]
level_list = ["easy", "medium", "hard", "superhard", "insane"]
lives_easy = 5
lives_medium = 4
lives_hard = 3
lives_superhard = 2
lives_insane = 1
def choose_quiz():
""" Prompts player to pick a type of quiz and loads the quiz """
#Input = player_quiz (raw input from player)
#Output = loaded quiz, player chose
while True:
player_quiz = raw_input("Please, select a quiz you want to play: "
"(Apple, Bond or Programming): ")
if player_quiz == "Apple":
return Apple_quiz
elif player_quiz == "Bond":
return Bond_quiz
elif player_quiz == "Programming":
return Programming_quiz
else:
print "We don't have such quiz, pick again!"
def answers_for_quiz():
""" Loads appropiate answers to the quiz that player has chosen"""
#Input = player quiz (raw input from player)
#Output = loaded quiz answers from the quiz player chose
player_quiz_pick = choose_quiz()
if player_quiz_pick == Apple_quiz:
return list_of_answers_Apple
elif player_quiz_pick == Bond_quiz:
return list_of_answers_Bond
elif player_quiz_pick == Programming_quiz:
return list_of_answers_Programming
def player_level():
""" Loads a difficulty that player chooses """
#Input = player_level_input (raw input of player choosing a difficulty)
#Output = corresponding number of lives:
#Easy = 5 lives, Medium = 4 lives
#Hard = 3 lives, Superhard = 2 lives
#Insane = 1 life
while True:
player_level_input = raw_input("Please type in a difficulty level: "
"(easy, medium, hard, superhard, insane): ")
if player_level_input == "easy":
return lives_easy #Easy = 5 lives
elif player_level_input == "medium":
return lives_medium #Medium = 4 lives
elif player_level_input == "hard":
return lives_hard #Hard = 3 lives
elif player_level_input == "superhard":
return lives_superhard #Superhard = 2 lives
elif player_level_input == "insane":
return lives_insane #Insane = 1 life
else:
print "We do not have such difficulty! Pick again!"
def correct_answer(player_answer, list_of_answers, answers_index):
""" Checks, whether the the answer from player matches with the answer list. """
#Input: player_answer (raw input that player enters in order to fill in the blank)
#Output: "Right answer!" or "Wrong! Try again!" this output will be later used in the game
if player_answer == list_of_answers[answers_index]:
return "Right answer!"
return "Wrong! Try again!"
def initialize_game():
"""Functions that sets up a game so we can play it """
player_quiz_pick, player_level_pick, list_of_answers = choose_quiz(), player_level(), answers_for_quiz()
print player_quiz_pick
print "\nYou will get maximum " + str(player_level_pick) + " guesses for this game. Good luck.\n"
blanks_index, answers_index, player_lives = 0, 0, 0
#for elements in blank_space:
while blanks_index < len(blank_space):
player_answer = raw_input("Please type in your answer for " + blank_space[blanks_index] + ": ")
if correct_answer(player_answer,list_of_answers,answers_index) == "Right answer!":
print "Correct answer! Keep going!\n"
player_quiz_pick = player_quiz_pick.replace(blank_space[blanks_index],player_answer)
answers_index += 1
blanks_index += 1
print player_quiz_pick
if blanks_index == len(blank_space):
print "Congratulations! You nailed it! You are the winner!"
else:
player_level_pick -= 1
if player_level_pick == 0:
print "Game over! Maybe next time!"
break
else:
print "One life less, that sucks! Have another shot!"
print "You have " + str(player_level_pick) + " guesses left."
initialize_game()
答案 0 :(得分：1)
您的主要问题是 您一遍又一遍地调用相同的函数，并且不将输入保存到变量中。 以下是关于您的代码和问题的一些提示：
您没有对player_level()方法调用做任何事情，因此玩家实际上并没有以影响游戏的方式选择关卡。您应该更改函数调用，以便存储返回的值。
//the call to the method:
player_level_pick = player_level()
之后，您继续调用player_level()方法，而不是使用用户提供的实际答案。将所有player_level()外观更改为player_level_pick - 用于保存答案的变量（如上所示）。所有其他不需要的函数调用也是如此，例如choose_level()。
您应该将number_of_guesses, player_lives, list_of_answers和其他变量初始化为匹配值player_level_pick，以便根据级别保持正确的值。同样，您应该更改此行：
# the line that checks if game is over
# change from:
if number_of_guesses == player_lives:
# to :
if number_of_guesses == 0:
为了return多个值，您必须使用元组。一个接一个地使用多个return语句无法在任何地方使用。
所以，而不是：
return list_of_answers
return number_of_guesses
return blanks_index
return answers_index
return player_lives
你应该使用元组，并正确解压缩它们：
# the return statement:
return (list_of_answers, number_of_guesses, blanks_index, answers_index, player_lives)
# and the unpacking in the calling function:
list_of_answers, number_of_guesses, blanks_index, answers_index, player_lives = initialize_game()
这样，所有返回的值都进入调用函数中的有用变量。这样，您需要从initialize_game()拨打play_game()。这将是你的有效方式。
正如我在（4）末尾所说的那样再说一遍 - 你应该将initialize_game()和play_game()单元化为一个函数（因为很多数据都需要相同）数据），或者只是从initialize_game()拨打play_game()。
然后更好地练习使用这个recursivly：return choose_level()，你应该使用while True:循环，并在得到正确答案时刹车。