C# - 将私有属性序列化为属性(数据契约)

时间:2017-03-26 10:34:59

标签: c# serialization datacontract datamember

在学习后我无法在课程中序列化私有属性时,我开始使用 DataContract DataMember 注释。

我的类中有一个私有字符串属性,我想将其序列化为属性而不是元素。

[DataContract]
public class Channel
{
    private string m_Name = string.Empty;
    private DateTime? m_TxTime = null;

    [DataMember, XmlAttribute("name")]
    public string Name
    {
        get
        {
            return m_Name;
        }
        set
        {
            m_Name = value;
        }
    }

    public DateTime? TxTime
    {
        get
        {
            return m_TxTime;
        }
        set
        {
            m_TxTime = value;
        }
    }

    [DataMember, XmlAttribute("txTime")]
    private string txTimeForSerialization
    {
        get
        {
            if (TxTime.HasValue)
            {
                return TxTime.Value.ToString("o");
            }
            else
            {
                return null;
            }
        }
    }
}

尝试使用 DataMember XmlAttribute 注释一起给了我这个输出:

<channel name="NAME">
   <TxTime>2017-03-26T13:15:56.8042989+03:00</TxTime>
</channel>

我想要的结果就是这个 -

<channel name="NAME" txTime="2017-03-26T13:15:56.8042989+03:00" />

我序列化的方式是使用XmlSerializer -

using (FileStream fs = new FileStream("channels.txt", FileMode.Create))
{
    XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Channel));
    serializer.Serialize(fs, objectName);
}

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

为您的类创建“包装器”,它将负责正确的反序列化格式(某种Facade模式)

[DataContract]
public class ChannelData
{
    [DataMember, XmlAttribute("name")]
    public string Name { get; set; }

    [DataMember, XmlAttribute("txTime")]
    public string txTimeForSerialization { get; set; }
}

您可以在Channel类中创建创建序列化实例的逻辑,然后责任将序列化逻辑保留在Channel类中 - 这将保持封装。

public class Channel
{
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public DateTime? TxTime { get; set; }

    public Channel()
    {
        Name = string.Empty;
        TxtTime = null;
    }

    public ChannelData ToSerialization()
    {
        var data = new ChannelData();
        data.Name = Name;
        data.txTimeForSerialization = TxTime.HasValue ? TxTime.Value.ToString("o") : null;
    }
}

使用包装器,您不需要考虑不同格式的不同“解决方法”,您的“业务层”类将保持“清除”,包装器将处理格式化。

答案 1 :(得分:0)

如果您想坚持使用当前的Channel类,则需要实现IXmlSerializer接口及其 WriteXml 方法。这是您通过XmlSerializer序列化私有媒体资源的唯一方法。

public class Channel : IXmlSerializable
{
    private string m_Name = string.Empty;
    private DateTime? m_TxTime = null;

    public string Name
    {
        get
        {
            return m_Name;
        }
        set
        {
            m_Name = value;
        }
    }

    public DateTime? TxTime
    {
        get
        {
            return m_TxTime;
        }
        set
        {
            m_TxTime = value;
        }
    }

    private string txtTimeForSerialization
    {
        get
        {
            if (TxTime.HasValue)
            {
                return TxTime.Value.ToString("o");
            }
            else
            {
                return null;
            }
        }
    }

    public XmlSchema GetSchema()
    {
        return null;
    }

    public void ReadXml(XmlReader reader)
    {
        //implement reader if needed...
    }

    public void WriteXml(XmlWriter writer)
    {
        writer.WriteAttributeString("name", this.Name);
        writer.WriteAttributeString("txtTime", this.txtTimeForSerialization);
    }
}

通过实施IXmlSerializable,您不再需要使用属性,而且用于写入 channels.txt 的代码将保持不变:

using (FileStream fs = new FileStream("channels.txt", FileMode.Create))
{
    XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Channel));
    serializer.Serialize(fs, objectName);
}

这是输出:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<Channel name="NAME" txtTime="2017-03-26T12:57:25.6780078Z" />