我想验证文档是否未以任何方式进行修改。
从Java Web服务，我收到以下具有数字 XML签名的Soap响应：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><Envelope xmlns="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"><SOAP-ENV:Header xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
<wsse:Security xmlns:wsse="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-secext-1.0.xsd" xmlns:wsa="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/08/addressing" SOAP-ENV:mustUnderstand="1">
<wsse:BinarySecurityToken xmlns:wsu="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd" EncodingType="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-soap-message-security-1.0#Base64Binary" ValueType="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-x509-token-profile-1.0#X509v3" wsu:Id="CertId-38670273">MIIHQzCCBSugAwIBAgIQY+wksDuKve+PKV1rHtR85TANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFADB9MQswCQYDVQQGEwJDSDEOMAwGA1UEChMFQWRtaW4xETAPBgNVBAsTCFNlcnZpY2VzMSIwIAYDVQQLExlDZXJ0aWZpY2F0aW9uIEF1dGhvcml0aWVzMScwJQYDVQQDEx5Td2lzcyBHb3Zlcm5tZW50IFJlZ3VsYXIgQ0EgMDEwHhcNMTUwOTA5MTMzNDA2WhcNMTgwOTA4MTMzNDA2WjCBkDELMAkGA1UEBhMCQ0gxOzA5BgNVBAoMMlRoZSBGZWRlcmFsIEF1dGhvcml0aWVzIG9mIHRoZSBTd2lzcyBDb25mZWRlcmF0aW9uMRQwEgYDVQQLDAtBbndlbmR1bmdlbjEMMAoGA1UECwwDWktWMSAwHgYDVQQDDBdlLWRlYyBQcm9kdWt0aW9uIDJMTkdFQjCCASIwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADggEPADCCAQoCggEBAKE1N0hS+iLq84zDtHSJRouVoAFGajWxPg/00MHUqOVXudo42mGeJQk0gtoGIc71unaL8Mh58qMEOKfwJ6yvY66N2+KlmNTus0SoheQ71L76pNLxPoM1tHC5ohxWm+yvVb+a7jvuoscHn54KrDAHMitzOdWwezlQZlmUMvc/KcNJiKGnvrwkz3rqlTiAUdy9fBpHuRx4aPSWuZeXS8pwa95d88npXBJSLKyQcbtSSDy8QSUgQbnLqfBtMmdGMWCFkgeAOHFp+87vy8Ye2gjm2j22XmGjzDsE+SLo6BPtJ5nSanBhNk9tZFqZj50ey9G2ODA7FyaBZVnI7oKIuwNL8ssCAwEAAaOCAqkwggKlMB8GA1UdIwQYMBaAFE13teTvbZzDm6A6h+Gm7ginOeeLMB0GA1UdDgQWBBSiy8uK8Q6LPlGVDxFTGUvzyfwSszAMBgNVHRMBAf8EAjAAMIHABgNVHSAEgbgwgbUwgbIGCGCFdAERAxYZMIGlMEQGCCsGAQUFBwIBFjhodHRwOi8vd3d3LnBraS5hZG1pbi5jaC9jcHMvQ1BTXzJfMTZfNzU2XzFfMTdfM18yMV8xLnBkZjBdBggrBgEFBQcCAjBRGk9UaGlzIGlzIHRoZSBTd2lzcyBHb3Zlcm5tZW50IFJlZ3VsYXIgQ0EwIDEgQ1BTIGZvciBaS1YgYXV0aGVudGljYXRpb24gcHVycG9zZXMuMIHFBgNVHR8Egb0wgbowMaAvoC2GK2h0dHA6Ly93d3cucGtpLmFkbWluLmNoL2NybC9SZWd1bGFyQ0EwMS5jcmwwgYSggYGgf4Z9bGRhcDovL3d3dy5wa2kuYWRtaW4uY2g6Mzg5L2NuPVN3aXNzJTIwR292ZXJubWVudCUyMFJlZ3VsYXIlMjBDQSUyMDAxLG91PUNlcnRpZmljYXRpb24lMjBBdXRob3JpdGllcyxvdT1TZXJ2aWNlcyxvPUFkbWluLGM9Q0gwDgYDVR0PAQH/BAQDAgSwMB0GA1UdJQQWMBQGCCsGAQUFBwMCBggrBgEFBQcDBDAkBgNVHREEHTAbgRlyZWNlaXB0QGVkZWMuZXp2LmFkbWluLmNoMHUGCCsGAQUFBwEBBGkwZzA3BggrBgEFBQcwAoYraHR0cDovL3d3dy5wa2kuYWRtaW4uY2gvYWlhL1JlZ3VsYXJDQTAxLmNydDAsBggrBgEFBQcwAYYgaHR0cDovL3d3dy5wa2kuYWRtaW4uY2gvYWlhL29jc3AwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQELBQADggIBAARTJZaDVUh5zsLAFR0li96M3hQPV0mbqxey7RyoBvSn5JoqMr/77XKFSav6BpeDqbWCX6Gfmvdr/pXC3ZovSF6dB+0mN7N42DJ/wGTSO5liiRy5m00R8Rm7qReg56o26i7zC1Fh+S+A7RVJ0om19RqllB7L4c4DHcAo41zLNiT0XWOkQtwXY1xwprLd8Y7pGtO8z0mObCldj7K3OdtzrDkqWD0EfzhF6LELwaOBIDihU8SGe0/MTshe9d/mItQOYq4c0Lq4YJscOjyEu2yvtJGy4R331KfOB+R/oiamUz9BQJTFVrPRQZw6gSzbEGcV1MrsJDQiMo8NJxNKN61REk+0hHtkR96BTnUzg5XfDJ1USpX2CDrKY0R1XWtwgS+fahA030sDzcEHNKD5j4MJNl2Ou02J1R9BUBg7TRW7Eji9sOEccnfHUkjnRs31c3kESeqkKSqOKt1gZfGTovX2a+6q0FKw5E9xqz4TyxmCj5P0ibnDvwOlcZB3S0xEx9yVjxZneGgtHzG8m4s7MEYJTYURwp3jDfIs6fej3MkSIuczZif9sk9CQBugWniX7JjI3hI5S4fUp4vvsjUCpRmoQvgpru78u4xgkHB5hUAcNZMDaOp3KyFiQfTqrg239cuIOCrPe2afD3LfbOEPEQrcVVbVSVdxmc6alfQI1fzKbUHt</wsse:BinarySecurityToken><ds:Signature xmlns:ds="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#">
<ds:SignedInfo>
<ds:CanonicalizationMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2001/10/xml-exc-c14n#"/>
<ds:SignatureMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#rsa-sha1"/>
<ds:Reference URI="#id-32516734">
<ds:Transforms>
<ds:Transform Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2001/10/xml-exc-c14n#"/>
</ds:Transforms>
<ds:DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/>
<ds:DigestValue>Rx5L4j8kF5RVYnC+spUCdvhh5N0=</ds:DigestValue>
</ds:Reference>
<ds:Reference URI="#id-7716709">
<ds:Transforms>
<ds:Transform Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2001/10/xml-exc-c14n#"/>
</ds:Transforms>
<ds:DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/>
<ds:DigestValue>fFr2j5DoKTgpEvX1Se7gTC55bWM=</ds:DigestValue>
</ds:Reference>
</ds:SignedInfo>
<ds:SignatureValue>
jG1BaGgNbbk9JCc3R6JsJKY56p++f0+8RM2aL6TGOXS34NAGv48Sp3iAHEAuUt9+JV6w3VDAcFct
no3nCEISa0P4dVWTlPQJue3GVTWnnlcXao95tjukh9o8lIU7vZGgYHBUZLU+jgS6ZcaUlNW4KFUl
AdrPxR5DmJcFyGEtRY2yclqYhnJdnUc+ZBu5eWbRZgbJzR4MgtGsEQcgtftFe2i0CvRbOSe4mt3T
JQzbGY81ssFCnB44vitgjhVLfPd/08amSa5Xn8KRptbNatp2uq1iGXAifJLVup8T0yS0RzaqhCJg
CaHRPFVKFN3WaJcqPZex75KBwSZMZaaJDZW7lQ==
</ds:SignatureValue>
<ds:KeyInfo Id="KeyId-16708261">
<wsse:SecurityTokenReference xmlns:wsu="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd" wsu:Id="STRId-32258670"><wsse:Reference URI="#CertId-38670273" ValueType="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-x509-token-profile-1.0#X509v3"/></wsse:SecurityTokenReference>
</ds:KeyInfo>
</ds:Signature>
<wsu:Timestamp xmlns:wsu="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd" wsu:Id="id-32516734"><wsu:Created>2017-03-31T09:04:40.352Z</wsu:Created><wsu:Expires>2017-03-31T09:09:40.352Z</wsu:Expires></wsu:Timestamp></wsse:Security><wsa:MessageID xmlns:wsa="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/08/addressing" SOAP-ENV:mustUnderstand="0">uuid:12b93a00-15f1-11e7-af6b-f16d80f418ae</wsa:MessageID><wsa:To xmlns:wsa="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/08/addressing" SOAP-ENV:mustUnderstand="0">http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/08/addressing/role/anonymous</wsa:To></SOAP-ENV:Header>
<SOAP-ENV:Body xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:wsu="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd" wsu:Id="id-7716709">
...
</SOAP-ENV:Body></Envelope>
我找到了一个有用的示例来验证MSDN上的xml文件：
' Verify the signature of an XML file and return the result.
Function VerifyXmlFile(ByVal Name As String) As [Boolean]
' Create a new XML document.
Dim xmlDocument As New XmlDocument()
' Format using white spaces.
xmlDocument.PreserveWhitespace = True
' Load the passed XML file into the document.
xmlDocument.Load(Name)
' Create a new SignedXml object and pass it
' the XML document class.
Dim signedXml As New SignedXml(xmlDocument)
' Find the "Signature" node and create a new
' XmlNodeList object.
Dim nodeList As XmlNodeList = xmlDocument.GetElementsByTagName("Signature", "http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#")
' Load the signature node.
signedXml.LoadXml(CType(nodeList(0), XmlElement))
' Check the signature and return the result.
Return signedXml.CheckSignature()
End Function
不幸的是，验证总是返回false。我很难理解它为什么不起作用。
根据{{3}}和Henk Holterman 的提案更新1 ：
Function VerifyXmlFile(ByVal Name As String) As Boolean
' <SOAP-ENV:Envelope ... > ... </SOAP-ENV:Envelope>
Dim xDoc = XDocument.Load(Name)
' <wsse:binarySecurityToken ... > ... </wsse:binarySecurityToken>
Dim xBinarySecurityToken = xDoc.Root.Descendants().Skip(2).FirstOrDefault
' <SOAP-ENV:Body ... > ... </SOAP-ENV:Body>
Dim xBody = xDoc.Root.Elements().Skip(1).FirstOrDefault
Dim signedXml = New SignedXml(ToXmlElement(xBody))
Dim xmlDocument As New XmlDocument()
xmlDocument.PreserveWhitespace = True
xmlDocument.Load(Name)
Dim nodeList = xmlDocument.GetElementsByTagName("Signature", "http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#")
signedXml.LoadXml(CType(nodeList(0), XmlElement))
Dim byteCert = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(xBinarySecurityToken.Value)
Dim cert = New X509Certificates.X509Certificate2(byteCert)
Return signedXml.CheckSignature(cert, True)
End Function
Public Shared Function ToXmlElement(xElement As XElement) As XmlElement
Dim xmlDoc = New XmlDocument() With {.PreserveWhitespace = True}
xmlDoc.Load(xElement.CreateReader())
Return xmlDoc.DocumentElement
End Function
导致 CryptographicException ，并显示消息＆＃34; 格式错误的参考元素＆＃34;通过调用函数 CheckSignature（）。
更新2和解决方案根据@SimonMourier和@ lax1089的提案
Private Function VerifyXmlfile(Name As String) As Boolean
CryptoConfig.AddAlgorithm(GetType(MyXmlDsigC14NTransform), "http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-xml-c14n-20010315")
Dim xmlDocument As New XmlDocument()
xmlDocument.PreserveWhitespace = True
xmlDocument.Load(Name)
MyXmlDsigC14NTransform.document = xmlDocument
Dim soapBody As XmlElement = xmlDocument.GetElementsByTagName("SOAP-ENV:Body")(0)
Dim securityToken = xmlDocument.GetElementsByTagName("SOAP-ENV:Header")(0).FirstChild.NextSibling.FirstChild.NextSibling.InnerText
Dim signedXml = New SignedXmlWithId(soapBody)
Dim nodeList = xmlDocument.GetElementsByTagName("Signature", "http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#")
signedXml.LoadXml(CType(nodeList(0), XmlElement))
Dim byteCert = Convert.FromBase64String(securityToken)
Dim cert = New X509Certificates.X509Certificate2(byteCert)
Return signedXml.CheckSignature(cert, True)
End Function
Public Class SignedXmlWithId
Inherits SignedXml
Public Sub New(xml As XmlDocument)
MyBase.New(xml)
End Sub
Public Sub New(xmlElement As XmlElement)
MyBase.New(xmlElement)
End Sub
Public Overrides Function GetIdElement(doc As XmlDocument, id As String) As XmlElement
' check to see if it's a standard ID reference
Dim idElem As XmlElement = MyBase.GetIdElement(doc, id)
If idElem Is Nothing Then
Dim nsManager As New XmlNamespaceManager(doc.NameTable)
nsManager.AddNamespace("wsu", "http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd")
idElem = TryCast(doc.SelectSingleNode((Convert.ToString("//*[@wsu:Id=""") & id) + """]", nsManager), XmlElement)
End If
Return idElem
End Function
End Class
答案 0 :(得分：2)
实际上，这是一个已知且有记录的问题：
.NET 3.5和.NET 4.0之间的Canonicalization实现了 改变。
我不知道这是否适用于所有XML签名，但它可以从我已经完成的测试中发挥作用。
将以下C14N Transform类添加到项目中：
public class MyXmlDsigC14NTransform: XmlDsigC14NTransform {
static XmlDocument _document;
public static XmlDocument document {
set {
_document = value;
}
}
public MyXmlDsigC14NTransform() {}
public override Object GetOutput() {
return base.GetOutput();
}
public override void LoadInnerXml(XmlNodeList nodeList) {
base.LoadInnerXml(nodeList);
}
protected override XmlNodeList GetInnerXml() {
XmlNodeList nodeList = base.GetInnerXml();
return nodeList;
}
public XmlElement GetXml() {
return base.GetXml();
}
public override void LoadInput(Object obj) {
int n;
bool fDefaultNS = true;
XmlElement element = ((XmlDocument) obj).DocumentElement;
if (element.Name.Contains("SignedInfo")) {
XmlNodeList DigestValue = element.GetElementsByTagName("DigestValue", element.NamespaceURI);
string strHash = DigestValue[0].InnerText;
XmlNodeList nodeList = _document.GetElementsByTagName(element.Name);
for (n = 0; n < nodeList.Count; n++) {
XmlNodeList DigestValue2 = ((XmlElement) nodeList[n]).GetElementsByTagName("DigestValue", ((XmlElement) nodeList[n]).NamespaceURI);
string strHash2 = DigestValue2[0].InnerText;
if (strHash == strHash2) break;
}
XmlNode node = nodeList[n];
while (node.ParentNode != null) {
XmlAttributeCollection attrColl = node.ParentNode.Attributes;
if (attrColl != null) {
for (n = 0; n < attrColl.Count; n++) {
XmlAttribute attr = attrColl[n];
if (attr.Prefix == "xmlns") {
element.SetAttribute(attr.Name, attr.Value);
} else if (attr.Name == "xmlns") {
if (fDefaultNS) {
element.SetAttribute(attr.Name, attr.Value);
fDefaultNS = false;
}
}
}
}
node = node.ParentNode;
}
}
base.LoadInput(obj);
}
}
使用CryptoConfig.AddAlgorithm方法注册该类，如下所示：
CryptoConfig.AddAlgorithm(typeof(MyXmlDsigC14NTransform), "http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-xml-c14n-20010315");
var message = new XmlDocument();
message.PreserveWhitespace = true;
message.Load("XmlSig.xml");
MyXmlDsigC14NTransform.document = message; // The transform class needs the xml document
// Validate signature as normal.
这应该允许您正确验证XML签名并解决您的问题。