Moq IServiceProvider / IServiceScope

时间:2017-06-02 19:53:29

标签: c# unit-testing asp.net-core moq

我正在尝试为IServiceProvider创建一个Mock(使用Moq),以便我可以测试我的存储库类:

public class ApiResourceRepository : IApiResourceRepository
{
    private readonly IServiceProvider _serviceProvider;

    public ApiResourceRepository(IServiceProvider serviceProvider)
    {
        _serviceProvider = serviceProvider;
        _dbSettings = dbSettings;
    }

    public async Task<ApiResource> Get(int id)
    {
        ApiResource result;

        using (var serviceScope = _serviceProvider.
            GetRequiredService<IServiceScopeFactory>().CreateScope())
        {
            var context = serviceScope.ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<ConfigurationDbContext>();
            result = await
                context.ApiResources
                .Include(x => x.Scopes)
                .Include(x => x.UserClaims)
                .FirstOrDefaultAsync(x => x.Id == id);
        }

        return result;
    }
}

我创建Mock对象的尝试如下:

Mock<IServiceProvider> serviceProvider = new Mock<IServiceProvider>();

serviceProvider.Setup(x => x.GetRequiredService<ConfigurationDbContext>())
    .Returns(new ConfigurationDbContext(Options, StoreOptions));

Mock<IServiceScope> serviceScope = new Mock<IServiceScope>();

serviceScope.Setup(x => x.ServiceProvider).Returns(serviceProvider.Object);

serviceProvider.Setup(x => x.CreateScope()).Returns(serviceScope.Object);

我收到以下错误:

  

System.NotSupportedException:Expression引用一个方法   不属于模拟对象:x =&gt;   x.GetRequiredService()

7 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:20)

如前所述,Moq不允许设置扩展方法。

在这种情况下,所述扩展方法的源代码可在Github上获得

ServiceProviderServiceExtensions

解决这类问题的常用方法是找出扩展方法的作用,并通过它的执行安全地模拟路径。

所有这些中的基本类型是IServiceProvider及其object Getservice(Type type)方法。此方法是解析服务类型时最终调用的方法。而且我们只处理抽象(接口),这使得使用moq变得更加容易。

//Arrange
var serviceProvider = new Mock<IServiceProvider>();
serviceProvider
    .Setup(x => x.GetService(typeof(ConfigurationDbContext)))
    .Returns(new ConfigurationDbContext(Options, StoreOptions));

var serviceScope = new Mock<IServiceScope>();
serviceScope.Setup(x => x.ServiceProvider).Returns(serviceProvider.Object);

var serviceScopeFactory = new Mock<IServiceScopeFactory>();
serviceScopeFactory
    .Setup(x => x.CreateScope())
    .Returns(serviceScope.Object);

serviceProvider
    .Setup(x => x.GetService(typeof(IServiceScopeFactory)))
    .Returns(serviceScopeFactory.Object);

var sut = new ApiResourceRepository(serviceProvider.Object);

//Act
var actual = sut.Get(myIntValue);

//Asssert
//...

回顾上面的代码,你会看到这种安排如何满足扩展方法的预期行为,并通过扩展(没有双关语)测试方法。

答案 1 :(得分:6)

一般规则是不要模拟不属于您的类型。除非您需要验证对服务提供商的调用,否则只需在测试中从 IServiceProvider 构建 ServiceCollection

答案 2 :(得分:1)

我也在寻找这个,但我只需要模拟GetService。我总是使用AutoFac来自动生成模拟。在此示例中,“GetService”始终返回模拟的实例。您可以使用冻结方法更改模拟行为。

示例:

要测试的课程:

public class ApiResourceRepository : ApiResourceRepository {
            private readonly IServiceProvider _serviceProvider;

            public ApiResourceRepository(IServiceProvider serviceProvider) {
                _serviceProvider = serviceProvider;
            }

            public object Get(int id) {
                using (var serviceScope = _serviceProvider.CreateScope()) {
                    var repo = serviceScope.ServiceProvider.GetService<IPersonRepository>();
                    return repo.GetById(id);
                }
            }
        }

单元测试:

 [Fact]
        public void Test() {
            // arrange
            var fixture = new Fixture()
             .Customize(new AutoMoqCustomization())
             .Customize(new ServiceProviderCustomization());

            fixture.Freeze<Mock<IPersonRepository>>()
                .Setup(m => m.GetById(It.IsAny<int>()))
                .Returns(new Person(Name = "John"));

            // Act
            var apiResource = _fixture.Create<ApiResourceRepository>();
            var person = apiResource.Get(1);

            // Assert
            ...
        }

自定义AutoFac提供程序

public class ServiceProviderCustomization : ICustomization {

        public void Customize(IFixture fixture) {
            var serviceProviderMock = fixture.Freeze<Mock<IServiceProvider>>();

            // GetService
            serviceProviderMock
               .Setup(m => m.GetService(It.IsAny<Type>()))
               .Returns((Type type) => {
                   var mockType = typeof(Mock<>).MakeGenericType(type);
                   var mock = fixture.Create(mockType, new SpecimenContext(fixture)) as Mock;

                   // Inject mock again, so the behavior can be changed with _fixture.Freeze()
                   MethodInfo method = typeof(FixtureRegistrar).GetMethod("Inject");
                   MethodInfo genericMethod = method.MakeGenericMethod(mockType);
                   genericMethod.Invoke(null, new object[] { fixture, mock });

                   return mock.Object;
               });

            // Scoped
            var serviceScopeMock = fixture.Freeze<Mock<IServiceScope>>();
            serviceProviderMock
               .As<IServiceScopeFactory>()
               .Setup(m => m.CreateScope())
               .Returns(serviceScopeMock.Object);

            serviceProviderMock.As<ISupportRequiredService>()
                .Setup(m => m.GetRequiredService(typeof(IServiceScopeFactory)))
                .Returns(serviceProviderMock.Object);
        }
    }

答案 3 :(得分:1)

我想说的是,当您需要添加这么多的仪式来模拟一个简单的方法时,那么您的代码可能就不是很可测试了。因此,另一种选择是将服务定位器隐藏在更具测试性和模拟友好性的界面(我认为也是更好的界面)之后:

public interface IServiceLocator : IDisposable
{
    T Get<T>();
}

public class ScopedServiceLocator : IServiceLocator
{
    private readonly IServiceScopeFactory _factory;
    private IServiceScope _scope;

    public ScopedServiceLocator(IServiceScopeFactory factory)
    {
        _factory = factory;
    }

    public T Get<T>()
    {
        if (_scope == null)
            _scope = _factory.CreateScope();

        return _scope.ServiceProvider.GetService<T>();
    }


    public void Dispose()
    {
        _scope?.Dispose();
        _scope = null;
    }
}

我在这里仅实现了GetService<T>方法,但是您可以轻松地添加/删除方法,以便定位器更好地满足您的需求。 以及如何使用它的示例;

public class ALongRunningTask : IRunForALongTime
{
    private readonly IServiceLocator _serviceLocator;

    public ALongRunningTask(IServiceLocator serviceLocator)
    {
        _serviceLocator = serviceLocator;
    }

    public void Run()
    {
        using (_serviceLocator)
        {
            var repository = _serviceLocator.Get<IRepository>();
        }
    }
}

答案 4 :(得分:0)

免责声明:嵌入式链接指向我的GitHub和NuGet页面的子页面。但我希望它能对您或其他人有所帮助。


我之所以创造这样的东西,是因为我找不到任何东西。它实现IServiceCollection和IServiceProvider来测试我的启动配置,尤其是是否所有类型都已正确注册到DI容器。它是这些接口的通用替代品,为每个注册类型提供Mocks(Moq)作为单例。 Foo 与Foo 不同。

在GitHub上有一个readme.md,代码库也不是很大。

还有一个nuget package called MockProvider和-如前所述-code is on GitHub。我将其置于MIT之下,因此您可以根据自己的意愿进行操作。它是免费使用和贡献的。

考虑它是一种回馈方式。

答案 5 :(得分:0)

我使用 Moq 和 xUnit 进行测试。我以前遇到过类似的问题,我的解决方案是将数据事务提取到带有接口的 SqlExecuter 类中,以便我可以直接模拟来自数据库的响应。这简化了一切,足以构建服务提供者并将其传入。您将需要 xUnit、Moq 和一些 Microsoft 包(Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore 和 Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.InMemory)。

SqlExecuter.cs

public interface ISqlExecuter
{
    Task<List<SqlParameter>> FirstOrDefaultApiResource(ConfigurationDbContext context, int id);
}

public class SqlExecuter : ISqlExecuter
{
    public async Task<ApiResource> FirstOrDefaultApiResource(ConfigurationDbContext context, int id) =>
        return await context.ApiResources
            .Include(x => x.Scopes)
            .Include(x => x.UserClaims)
            .FirstOrDefaultAsync(x => x.Id == id);
} 

ApiResourceRepository.cs

public class ApiResourceRepository : IApiResourceRepository
{
    private readonly IServiceProvider _serviceProvider;
    private readonly ISqlExecuter _sqlExecuter;

    public ApiResourceRepository(IServiceProvider serviceProvider, ISqlExecuter sqlExecuter)
    {
        _serviceProvider = serviceProvider;
        _sqlExecuter = sqlExecuter;
        _dbSettings = dbSettings;
    }

    public async Task<ApiResource> Get(int id)
    {
        ApiResource result;

        using (var serviceScope = _serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<IServiceScopeFactory>().CreateScope())
        {
            var context = serviceScope.ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<ConfigurationDbContext>();
            result = await _sqlExecuter.FirstOrDefaultApiResource(context, id);
        }

        return result;
    }
}

ApiResourceRepositoryTests.cs

[Fact]
public async Task Get_Success()
{
    // Arrange
    var id = 42069;
    var scope = "Scope";
    var claim = "UserClaims";
    var services = new ServiceCollection();
    services.AddDbContext<ConfigurationDbContext>(opt => opt
            .UseInMemoryDatabase(databaseName: $"ConfigurationDbContext-{ DateTime.Now.ToString() }")
            .ConfigureWarnings(x => x.Ignore(InMemoryEventId.TransactionIgnoredWarning)),
        ServiceLifetime.Singleton, ServiceLifetime.Singleton);
    var serviceProvider = services.BuildServiceProvider();
    var mockSqlExecuter = new Mock<SqlExecuter>();
    mockSqlExecuter.Setup(x => x.FirstOrDefaultApiResource(It.IsAny<ConfigurationDbContext>(), It.IsAny<int>()))
        .Returns(new ApiResource() { Id = id , Scope = scope, UserClaims = claim })
    var mockApiResourceRepository = new Mock<ApiResourceRepository>(serviceProvider, mockSqlExecuter.Object);

    // Act
    var result = await mockApiResourceRepository.Object.Get(id);

    
    // Assert
    Assert.NotNull(response);
    Assert.Equal(id, result.Id);
    Assert.Equal(scope, result.Scope);
    Assert.Equal(claim, result.UserClaims);
}

或者,在其他情况下,我不使用 SqlExecuter 类,而是在服务提供者中设置上下文。

// Arrange
var id = 42069;
var scope = "Scope";
var claim = "UserClaims";
var services = new ServiceCollection();
services.AddDbContext<ConfigurationDbContext>(opt => opt
        .UseInMemoryDatabase(databaseName: $"ConfigurationDbContext-{DateTime.Now.ToString()}")
        .ConfigureWarnings(x => x.Ignore(InMemoryEventId.TransactionIgnoredWarning)),
    ServiceLifetime.Singleton, ServiceLifetime.Singleton);
var serviceProvider = services.BuildServiceProvider();
var context = Interfaces.ServiceProvider.GetService<ComQueMDSContext>();
context.ApiResources.RemoveRange(context.ApiResources);
context.ApiResources.AddRange(new List<ApiResource>(){ new ApiResource(){ Id = id, Scope = scope, UserClaims = claim } });
context.SaveChanges();
var mockApiResourceRepository = new Mock<ApiResourceRepository>(serviceProvider);

我还按照 xUnit 的建议将大部分工作提取到了 Fixture 类和集合中,以集中上下文并减少测试时间。

https://xunit.net/docs/shared-context

答案 6 :(得分:0)

以防万一它对某人有用,这里有一个示例,说明我如何按照建议的 here 为我的单元测试创​​建自己的 ServiceProvider。我还添加了 ServiceScope 和 ServiceScopeFactory 模拟来提供所有服务。

这是我的单元测试中的代码:

var serviceCollection = new ServiceCollection();

// Add any DI stuff here:
serviceCollection.AddSingleton<ILogger>(loggerMock.Object);

// Create the ServiceProvider
var serviceProvider = serviceCollection.BuildServiceProvider();

// serviceScopeMock will contain my ServiceProvider
var serviceScopeMock = new Mock<IServiceScope>();
serviceScopeMock.SetupGet<IServiceProvider>(s => s.ServiceProvider)
    .Returns(serviceProvider);

// serviceScopeFactoryMock will contain my serviceScopeMock
var serviceScopeFactoryMock = new Mock<IServiceScopeFactory>();
serviceScopeFactoryMock.Setup(s => s.CreateScope())
    .Returns(serviceScopeMock.Object);
    

然后我可以将我的 serviceScopeFactoryMock 传递给我的 sut 构造函数。

这是正在测试的代码:

using (var scope = _serviceScopeFactory.CreateScope())
{
    var logger = scope.ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<ILogger>();
    ...
}