Question

需要帮助解决：IndexError：列表索引超出范围

代码是阅读文本中的信息并打印出城市及其最高温度。一旦完成，它应该关闭文件。

请帮助。非常感谢。

!curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/MicrosoftLearning/intropython/master/world_temp_mean.csv -o mean_temp.txt

temp_file = open('mean_temp.txt','a+')
temp_file.write("Rio de Janeiro,Brazil,30.0,18.0")

temp_file.seek(0,0)
headings = temp_file.readline()
headings = headings.split(',')
#print(headings)

city_temp = temp_file.readline()

while city_temp:

    city_temp = temp_file.readline()
    city_temp = city_temp.split(',')
    print(headings[0].capitalize(),"of",city_temp[1],headings[2],"is",city_temp[2],"Celsius.")

temp_file.close()

以下是temp_file.txt的内容：

city,country,month ave: highest high,month ave: lowest low Beijing,China,30.9,-8.4 Cairo,Egypt,34.7,1.2 London,UK,23.5,2.1 Nairobi,Kenya,26.3,10.5 New York City,USA,28.9,-2.8 Sydney,Australia,26.5,8.7 Tokyo,Japan,30.8,0.9

Answer 1

问题在于您的文本文件，例如我初始化的假设。您已将初始数据转储到一行中，因此所有内容都被读入headings并且行已耗尽。在这里，修好它：

temp_file = open('mean_temp.txt','a+')
temp_file.write("Rio de Janeiro,Brazil,30.0,18.0\n")
temp_file.seek(0,0)
headings = temp_file.readline()
headings = headings.split(',')
city_temp = temp_file.readline()
while city_temp:
    city_temp = city_temp.split(',')
    print(headings[0].capitalize(),"of",city_temp[1],headings[2],"is",city_temp[2],"Celsius.")
    city_temp = temp_file.readline()
temp_file.close()

并通过在每个已经存在的国家/地区之后添加新行来更改mean_temp.txt。

city,country,month ave: highest high,month ave: lowest low 
Beijing,China,30.9,-8.4 
Cairo,Egypt,34.7,1.2 
London,UK,23.5,2.1 
Nairobi,Kenya,26.3,10.5 
New York City,USA,28.9,-2.8 
Sydney,Australia,26.5,8.7 
Tokyo,Japan,30.8,0.9

这是输出：

City of China month ave: highest high is 30.9 Celsius.
City of Egypt month ave: highest high is 34.7 Celsius.
City of UK month ave: highest high is 23.5 Celsius.
City of Kenya month ave: highest high is 26.3 Celsius.
City of USA month ave: highest high is 28.9 Celsius.
City of Australia month ave: highest high is 26.5 Celsius.
City of Japan month ave: highest high is 30.8 Celsius.
City of Brazil month ave: highest high is 30.0 Celsius.

Answer 2

试试这个

f = open("ml/play.txt", "r")
for line in f:
    x = line.split(',')
    print(x[0].capitalize(),"of",x[1],x[2],"is",x[3],"Celsius.")

Answer 3

问题在于你完成while循环的方式。您正在跳过第一个city_temp行，因为在循环内部，您会立即将其从下一行重新分配。

当您到达文件末尾时，city_temp将为空，但您仍会尝试将其拆分并打印字段。

更改此代码：

city_temp = temp_file.readline()

while city_temp:

    city_temp = temp_file.readline()
    city_temp = city_temp.split(',')
    print(headings[0].capitalize(),"of",city_temp[1],headings[2],"is",city_temp[2],"Celsius.")

为：

while True:
    city_temp = temp_file.readline()
    if not city_temp:
        break
    city_temp = city_temp.split(',')
    print(headings[0].capitalize(),"of",city_temp[1],headings[2],"is",city_temp[2],"Celsius.")

顺便说一下，Python有一个用于读写CSV文件的模块，你不需要自己编写代码。见https://docs.python.org/3/library/csv.html

Answer 4

如果您正在对任何抽象数据类型执行索引操作，并且如果您不知道或不确定抽象数据类型中的索引总数，那么随时将您的索引操作放在try except块中。而你的except块应该处理索引错误异常。

try:
   print(headings[0].capitalize(),"of",city_temp[1],headings[2],"is",city_temp[2],"Celsius.")
except IndexError:
   print "Index Error"

需要有关python编码的帮助

4 个答案: