Question

我正在寻找一种策略来验证四种模型的密钥的唯一性，这四种模型之间具有相互关系，然后才能将它们保存在数据库中。

换句话说，我想检查密钥的唯一性，以便在使用Model.save()方法时数据库中不存在不一致，并且只在所有唯一密钥真正唯一时才使用它。 / p>

以下视图为例，LegalPerson，{{分别为 cnpj ，地址和数字字段1}}和Email必须是唯一的。

Phone

我一直在研究，发现django中的模型有一些验证方法，如class StoreRegistrationView(View): ''' Classe responsavel pelo cadastro de lojas ''' def post(self, request): if request.method == 'POST': #import pdb; pdb.set_trace() form = StoreForm(request.POST) if form.is_valid(): lp = LegalPerson( cnpj = form.cleaned_data['cnpj'], corporate_name = form.cleaned_data['corporate_name'], fantasy_name = form.cleaned_data['fantasy_name'], state_inscription = form.cleaned_data['state_inscription'], municipal_inscription = form.cleaned_data['municipal_inscription'], ) lp.save() address = Address( street = form.cleaned_data['street'], neighborhood = form.cleaned_data['neighborhood'], number = form.cleaned_data['number'], complement = form.cleaned_data['complement'], city = form.cleaned_data['city'], estate = form.cleaned_data['estate'], country = 'Brasil', cep = form.cleaned_data['cep'], latitude = form.cleaned_data['latitude'], longitude = form.cleaned_data['longitude'], person = lp, ) address.save() email = Email( address = form.cleaned_data['email'], person=lp, ) email.save() phone = Phone( number=form.cleaned_data['phone_number'], person=lp, ) phone.save() # Mensagem de sucesso que será disponibilizada para o usuário messages.success(request, 'Cadastro de loja efetuado com sucesso.') return redirect('importar-produtos') messages.warning(request, 'Erro durante o cadastro.') context = { 'store_form': StoreForm(), } return render(request, 'n3oadmin/store-registration.html', context)，Model.full_clean()和Model.clean()。

Answer 1

您应该创建多个模型表单，而不是使用常规表单。

class LegalPersonForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = LegalPerson
        fields = [...]

class = AddressForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = LegalPerson
        exclude = ['person']

然后，在视图和模板中使用模型表单。模型表单将负责验证唯一约束。

if request.method == 'POST':
    address_form = AddressForm(request.POST)
    legal_person_form = LegalPersonForm(request.POST)

    if address_form.is_valid() and legal_person_form.is_valid():
        person = legal_person_form.save()
        address = address_form.save(commit=False)
        address.person = person
        address.save()

        ...

        return redirect('importar-produtos')
else:
    address_form = AddressForm()
    legal_person_form = LegalPersonForm()

context = {
    'address_form': address_form,
    'legal_person_form': legal_person_form,
}
return render(request, 'n3oadmin/store-registration.html', context)

请注意，您可以在模型表单中排除外键字段。然后，在视图中，您可以使用commit=False保存，设置外键，然后保存实例。

另请注意，我们仅在AddressForm()块中实例化了空白表单LegalPersonForm和else（对于GET请求）。这意味着如果表单有效，您可以在模板中看到表单错误，而不是空白表单。

Answer 2

您可以在此处参考此处设置唯一字段。

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/models/fields/#unique

在同一视图中进行多个模型验证 - Django 1.11

2 个答案: