在Javascript中计算二次曲线上任意点的切线的斜率

时间:2017-08-25 13:55:30

标签: javascript html5 canvas trigonometry

我从未成为过三冠王,经过大约4个小时的搜索,我决定在这里问:

我使用Javascript将二次曲线(不是三次贝塞尔曲线)绘制到HTML5 Canvas上,如下所示:

this.shape.moveTo(50,80).curveTo(100,120,40,190);

其中moveTo指定第一个点的x和y,curveTo的前两个参数指定控制点的x和y,curveTo的第3个和第4个参数指定终点的x和y。

我需要创建一个函数,允许我在该曲线上得到任意点t的斜率,如:

function getTangentSlope(P0,P1,P2,t) {
   blah blah blah
   return slope;
}

到目前为止,我找到的唯一解决方案是带有两个控制点的立方曲线(Find the tangent of a point on a cubic bezier curve (on an iPhone)),或者我不理解符号(https://www.math.usm.edu/lee/mathphysarchive/?p=542)或断开的链接意味着我无法审查整个解决方案(Quadratic Bezier Curve: Calculate Tangent)。

如果斜率以度数给出,那么最好的还是。

兄弟可以帮帮我吗?

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

这将返回二阶和三阶曲线的单位位置的归一化切线。

有关下面对象的更多详细用法,请参阅this answer

foreach ($usrs as $number => $name) {
    try{
        $sms = $client->account->messages->create(

            // the number we are sending to - Any phone number
            $number,

            array(
                // Step 6: Change the 'From' number below to be a valid Twilio number 
                'from' => "xxxxxxxxxxx", 

                // the sms body
                'body' => "Hey $name. $text"
            )
        );

        // Display a confirmation message on the screen
        echo "Sent message to $name <br>";
    } 
    catch (TwilioException $e) {
        die( $e->getCode() . ' : ' . $e->getMessage() );
    }
}

二阶bezier的用法

const geom = (()=>{

    function Vec(x,y){ 
        this.x = x;
        this.y = y;
    };
    function Bezier(p1,p2,cp1,cp2){  
        this.p1 =  p1;
        this.p2 =  p2;
        this.cp1 = cp1;
        this.cp2 = cp2;
    }    
    Bezier.prototype = {
        //======================================================================================
        // single dimension polynomials for 2nd (a,b,c) and 3rd (a,b,c,d) order bezier 
        //======================================================================================
        // for quadratic   f(t) = a(1-t)^2+2b(1-t)t+ct^2 
        //                      = a+2(-a+b)t+(a-2b+c)t^2
        // The derivative f'(t) =  2(1-t)(b-a)+2(c-b)t
        //======================================================================================
        // for cubic           f(t) = a(1-t)^3 + 3bt(1-t)^2 + 3c(1-t)t^2 + dt^3 
        //                          = a+(-2a+3b)t+(2a-6b+3c)t^2+(-a+3b-3c+d)t^3
        // The derivative     f'(t) = -3a(1-t)^2+b(3(1-t)^2-6(1-t)t)+c(6(1-t)t-3t^2) +3dt^2
        // The 2nd derivative f"(t) = 6(1-t)(c-2b+a)+6t(d-2c+b)
        //======================================================================================        
        p1 : undefined,
        p2 : undefined,
        cp1 : undefined,
        cp2 : undefined,
        tangentAsVec (position, vec ) { 
            var a, b, c, u;
            if (vec === undefined) { vec = new Vec(); }

            if (this.cp2 === undefined) {
                a = (1-position) * 2;
                b = position * 2;
                vec.x = a * (this.cp1.x - this.p1.x) + b * (this.p2.x - this.cp1.x);
                vec.y = a * (this.cp1.y - this.p1.y) + b * (this.p2.y - this.cp1.y);
            }else{
                a  = (1-position)
                b  = 6 * a * position;        // (6*(1-t)*t)
                a *= 3 * a;                   // 3 * ( 1 - t) ^ 2
                c  = 3 * position * position; // 3 * t ^ 2
                vec.x  = -this.p1.x * a + this.cp1.x * (a - b) + this.cp2.x * (b - c) + this.p2.x * c;
                vec.y  = -this.p1.y * a + this.cp1.y * (a - b) + this.cp2.y * (b - c) + this.p2.y * c;
            }   
            u = Math.sqrt(vec.x * vec.x + vec.y * vec.y);
            vec.x /= u;
            vec.y /= u;
            return vec;                 
        },      
    }
    return { Vec, Bezier,}
})()

三阶贝塞尔的用法

   // ? represents any value 
   var p1 = new geom.Vec(?,?);  // start point
   var p2 = new geom.Vec(?,?);  // end point
   var cp1 = new geom.Vec(?,?); //control point

   var bez2 = new geom.Bezier(p1,p2,cp1); // create 2nd order bezier
   var t = ?;
   var tangent = bez2.tangentAsVec(t);

答案 1 :(得分:0)

嗯,我不知道这个功能看起来怎么样,但我知道在哪里可以找到有用的例子:)

前段时间我用图书馆绘制图表。在这个库中,我发现了许多在折线图中绘制线条的函数。图书馆被称为D3。在挖掘代码后,我发现了一个有趣的文件:

https://github.com/d3/d3-shape/tree/master/src/curve

在这里你可以看到你可以得到什么效果:

https://github.com/d3/d3-shape#curves
祝你好运:)

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