为什么PREPARE声明不尊重INDEXing

时间:2017-09-15 13:36:31

标签: sql postgresql query-performance

帮助我理解为什么使用预准备语句评估的查询不尊重索引。

\d+ lerg;

                                                        Table "public.lerg"
   Column   |            Type             |                     Modifiers                     | Storage  | Stats target | Description
------------+-----------------------------+---------------------------------------------------+----------+--------------+-------------
 id         | bigint                      | not null default nextval('lerg_id_seq'::regclass) | plain    |              |
 lata       | character varying           | not null                                          | extended |              |
 npa        | character varying(3)        |                                                   | extended |              |
 nxx        | character varying(3)        |                                                   | extended |              |
 block      | character varying(1)        |                                                   | extended |              |
 ocn        | character varying           |                                                   | extended |              |
 created_at | timestamp without time zone | not null default now()                            | plain    |              |
Indexes:
    "lerg_pkey" PRIMARY KEY, btree (id)
    "lerg_npa_nxx_block" UNIQUE, btree (npa, nxx, block)

LERG表中的记录总数。

select count(*) from lerg; 
=> 199846

准备好的陈述

   prepare fetch_lata(char(3), char(3), char(1)) as select lata from lerg where npa=$1 and nxx=$2 and block=$3;

执行声明。

    explain analyze execute fetch_lata('365','406','A');
                                                     QUERY PLAN
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Seq Scan on lerg  (cost=0.00..5163.31 rows=1 width=6) (actual time=0.014..27.530 rows=1 loops=1)
   Filter: (((npa)::bpchar = '365'::bpchar) AND ((nxx)::bpchar = '406'::bpchar) AND ((block)::bpchar = 'A'::bpchar))
   Rows Removed by Filter: 199845
 Execution time: 27.560 ms
(4 rows)

无法理解。

  • 为什么表扫描?
  • 为什么不使用索引?

另一方面。

explain analyze select lata from lerg where npa='365' and nxx='406' and block='A';
                                                       QUERY PLAN
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Index Scan using lerg_npa_nxx_block on lerg  (cost=0.42..8.44 rows=1 width=6) (actual time=0.016..0.016 rows=1 loops=1)
   Index Cond: (((npa)::text = '365'::text) AND ((nxx)::text = '406'::text) AND ((block)::text = 'A'::text))
 Planning time: 0.081 ms
 Execution time: 0.033 ms
(4 rows)

问。使用正确的索引编制的select查询会打开准备好的语句查询,为什么?

问。如上所述,使用PREPARED语句进行简单查询是没有优势的。

只是抬头查询10_000记录的差异是如此之高以至于我不得不放弃准备好的声明。

查询10_000记录的结果。

                                   user      system      total      real
pg_without_prepared_statmt        0.050000   0.080000   0.130000 (  0.935051)

pg_with_prepared_statmt           0.090000   0.110000   0.200000 (  5.707693)

机器详细信息。

Postgres Version : 9.5.9 
Mac OS: 10.12.5

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

问题是您准备好的语句的参数是var dbRef = firebase.database().ref(); var startListening = function() { dbRef.on('value', function(snapshot) { var warehouse = snapshot.child("prod_id/stats").val(); document.getElementById("qty").innerHTML = warehouse.qty }); } startListening(); 类型(与character相同),因此使用该类型的相等运算符,并且不能使用索引,因为它使用bpchar定义。

如果将准备好的语句的参数更改为character varying,它应该按预期工作。

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