Python2中的with和if有什么区别?

时间:2017-10-15 04:14:45

标签: python python-2.7 if-statement with-statement

我正在查看使用此代码的INI配置文件实现here

# Load the configuration file
with open("config.ini") as f:
    sample_config = f.read()
    config = ConfigParser.RawConfigParser(allow_no_value=True)
    config.readfp(io.BytesIO(sample_config))

如果找不到配置文件,我想输出一些内容,但是the Python documentation没有说明else条件的任何内容,所以我在考虑使用{{1}在这里阻止:

if...else

使用# Load the configuration file if f = open("config.ini"): sample_config = f.read() config = ConfigParser.RawConfigParser(allow_no_value=True) config.readfp(io.BytesIO(sample_config)) else print "Could not open config file" 块代替if...else块会看到哪种差异?

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:4)

嗯,一个区别是if块不会解析。赋值语句不是Python中的表达式。另一个原因是它不会自己关闭文件 - that’s what the with accomplishes

您真正需要的是try,因为open在无法找到文件时抛出异常:

try:
    # Load the configuration file
    with open("config.ini") as f:
        config = ConfigParser.RawConfigParser(allow_no_value=True)
        config.readfp(f)
except FileNotFoundError:
    # handle exception

(如果您使用的是旧版本的Python,则需要抓住OSErrorcheck its errno。)

答案 1 :(得分:1)

测试一个条件以查看它是否为真,然后在满足条件后执行代码块示例:

a = 1
if a != 1:
    do something here.
elif a ==1: # elif takes the place of else, literally means else if a ==/!= some value execute this.
    do something else.

a With语句是一个布尔操作,它可以与文件I / O一起使用,或者是我见过它的最多。

示例可能是:

with open(somefile):
    do some stuff.

我所看到的else子句似乎只是在从未满足条件时尝试使用if / if语句的结尾,并且它的使用基本上是,如果try语句由于某种原因而失败,这个是你现在执行的。

with open(somefile):
    try:
        do stuff.
else:
exit loop/ do something else.

<强> -------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------

说实话,我喜欢轻松的时间陈述。你可以在while循环中嵌套更多的条件语句,for循环,if循环(我已经来到了LOVE嵌套循环),它们简化了编写代码的过程。

以下是我不久前写的一篇文章的代码片段:

while continue_loop == 'Y': # gives user an option to end the loop or not 
                            # and gives you more flexibility on how the loop runs.
    ac = 0
    acc = 0
    accu = 0
    accum = 0
    try: # the try block, gets more info from user, and stores it inside variables.
        bday = int(input("Please enter the day you were born! \n->"))
        bmonth = int(input("Please enter the month you were born\n ->"))
        byear = int(input("Please enter the year you were born!\n->"))
        birth = bday + bmonth + byear
        sum1 = str(birth)
        for x in sum1: # iteration over the variable.
            accum1 += int(x)
            accum2 = str(accum1)
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