Question

如何以Window ID编程方式激活，即在macOS（不属于我的应用程序）上移动到前端并聚焦窗口。我的应用程序将以用户授予的辅助功能权限等运行。

令人惊讶的是，Quartz Window Services page上描述的所有功能似乎都没有。

目前使用的是Swift，但我愿意使用Objective-C，AppleScript等等。

编辑：

我不想把父应用程序的所有窗口都带到前面 - 只有与窗口ID匹配的特定窗口。

编辑：

我知道NSWindow类型仅用于引用当前进程的窗口，但是没有代表外部应用程序拥有的窗口的类吗？就像我们NSRunningApplication引用任何正在运行的应用程序（包括外部应用程序）一样，我期待一个API来处理所有打开的窗口（假设权限正确）。是否有某些类NSOpenWindow或CGWindow被埋在某处？

Answer 1

我还没有找到切换到特定窗口的方法，但您可以使用此功能切换到包含特定窗口的应用程序：

func switchToApp(withWindow windowNumber: Int32) {
    let options = CGWindowListOption(arrayLiteral: CGWindowListOption.excludeDesktopElements, CGWindowListOption.optionOnScreenOnly)
    let windowListInfo = CGWindowListCopyWindowInfo(options, CGWindowID(0))
    guard let infoList = windowListInfo as NSArray? as? [[String: AnyObject]] else { return }
    if let window = infoList.first(where: { ($0["kCGWindowNumber"] as? Int32) == windowNumber}), let pid = window["kCGWindowOwnerPID"] as? Int32 {
        let app = NSRunningApplication(processIdentifier: pid)
        app?.activate(options: .activateIgnoringOtherApps)
    }
}

按名称切换也很有用：

func switchToApp(named windowOwnerName: String) {
    let options = CGWindowListOption(arrayLiteral: CGWindowListOption.excludeDesktopElements, CGWindowListOption.optionOnScreenOnly)
    let windowListInfo = CGWindowListCopyWindowInfo(options, CGWindowID(0))
    guard let infoList = windowListInfo as NSArray? as? [[String: AnyObject]] else { return }

    if let window = infoList.first(where: { ($0["kCGWindowOwnerName"] as? String) == windowOwnerName}), let pid = window["kCGWindowOwnerPID"] as? Int32 {
        let app = NSRunningApplication(processIdentifier: pid)
        app?.activate(options: .activateIgnoringOtherApps)
    }
}

示例：switchToApp(named: "OpenOffice")

在我的Mac上，OpenOffice启动时带有kCGWindowNumber = 599的窗口，因此效果相同：switchToApp(withWindow: 599)

据我所知，到目前为止，您的选项似乎是显示应用的当前活动窗口，或显示所有窗口（使用.activateAllWindows作为激活选项）

Answer 2

对于任何寻求Objective C解决方案的人：

#import <Cocoa/Cocoa.h>
#import <libproc.h>
#import <string.h>
#import <stdlib.h>
#import <stdio.h>

bool activate_window_of_id(long wid) {
  bool success = false;
  const CGWindowLevel kScreensaverWindowLevel = CGWindowLevelForKey(kCGScreenSaverWindowLevelKey);
  CFArrayRef windowArray = CGWindowListCopyWindowInfo(kCGWindowListOptionOnScreenOnly | kCGWindowListExcludeDesktopElements, kCGNullWindowID);
  CFIndex windowCount = 0;
  if ((windowCount = CFArrayGetCount(windowArray))) {
    for (CFIndex i = 0; i < windowCount; i++) {
      NSDictionary *windowInfoDictionary = (__bridge NSDictionary *)((CFDictionaryRef)CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(windowArray, i));
      NSNumber *ownerPID = (NSNumber *)(windowInfoDictionary[(id)kCGWindowOwnerPID]);
      NSNumber *level = (NSNumber *)(windowInfoDictionary[(id)kCGWindowLayer]);
      if (level.integerValue < kScreensaverWindowLevel) {
        NSNumber *windowID = windowInfoDictionary[(id)kCGWindowNumber];
        if (wid == windowID.integerValue) {
          CFIndex appCount = [[[NSWorkspace sharedWorkspace] runningApplications] count];
          for (CFIndex j = 0; j < appCount; j++) {
            if (ownerPID.integerValue == [[[[NSWorkspace sharedWorkspace] runningApplications] objectAtIndex:j] processIdentifier]) {
              NSRunningApplication *appWithPID = [[[NSWorkspace sharedWorkspace] runningApplications] objectAtIndex:j];
              [appWithPID activateWithOptions:NSApplicationActivateAllWindows | NSApplicationActivateIgnoringOtherApps];
              char buf[PROC_PIDPATHINFO_MAXSIZE];
              proc_pidpath(ownerPID.integerValue, buf, sizeof(buf));
              NSString *buffer = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:buf];
              long location = [buffer rangeOfString:@".app/Contents/MacOS/" options:NSBackwardsSearch].location;
              NSString *path = (location != NSNotFound) ? [buffer substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(0, location)] : buffer;
              NSString *app = [@" of application \\\"" stringByAppendingString:[path lastPathComponent]];
              NSString *index = [@"set index of window id " stringByAppendingString:[windowID stringValue]];
              NSString *execScript = [[index stringByAppendingString:app] stringByAppendingString:@"\\\" to 1"];
              char *pointer = NULL;
              size_t buffer_size = 0;
              NSMutableArray *array = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
              FILE *file = popen([[[@"osascript -e \"" stringByAppendingString:execScript] stringByAppendingString:@"\""] UTF8String], "r");
              while (getline(&pointer, &buffer_size, file) != -1)
                [array addObject:[NSString stringWithUTF8String:pointer]];
              char *error = (char *)[[array componentsJoinedByString:@""] UTF8String];
              if (strlen(error) > 0 && error[strlen(error) - 1] == '\n')
                error[strlen(error) - 1] = '\0';
              if ([[NSString stringWithUTF8String:error] isEqualToString:@""])
                success = true;
              [array release];
              free(pointer);
              pclose(file);
              break;
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
  CFRelease(windowArray);
  return success;
}

请注意，与Daniel的回答不同，这不仅会将指定应用程序的窗口置于最前面，而且还将确保其ID与指定窗口匹配的特定窗口将成为该应用程序窗口集合中最顶部的窗口。成功时返回true，失败时返回false。我注意到它在某些应用程序中占主导地位，但在其他应用程序中却没有。我不知道为什么。它所基于的代码无法按其原始目的进行宣传。虽然，这确实对我帮助我解答该问题所需的全部工作有很大帮助。 The code my answer is based on can be found here。忽略原始用法。

使用窗口ID

2 个答案: