Question

这是我的模特：

class Order(models.Model):
    """
    订单
    """
    order_num = models.CharField(max_length=128, unique=True)  # 订单编号
    order_status = models.CharField(max_length=12)  # 订单状态  "未支付"， "已支付，未完成"， "已完成"， "已经删除"，"其他"
    product_describe = models.TextField()  # 产品描述
    billing_type = models.CharField(max_length=16)  # 计费类型
    buytime = models.CharField(max_length=16)  # 比如：1月  永久
    count = models.IntegerField()  # 购买数量
    paytype = models.CharField(max_length=16)  # 支付方式（支付包，微信，xxx）
    cost = models.DecimalField(max_digits=8, decimal_places=2, default=0.00)  # 费用（需要花费多少钱）
    account = models.ForeignKey(to=Account) # 所属账户

    ctime = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)  # 创建时间
    uptime = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)  # 更新时间

    def __str__(self):
        return self.product_describe
    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.product_describe

这是我的序列化器：

class OrderCreateSerializer(ModelSerializer):

    data_params = serializers.DictField()  # 根据产品数据模型不同而异

    class Meta:
        model = Order
        fields = (
            "product_describe",  # 产品描述 (购买xx产品 + 参数)
            "billing_type", # 计费类型 ("包年包月")
            # "buytime", # "购买时间"
            # "count", # 数量
            # "paytype", # 支付方式
            "data_params",  # 数据
        )
    def create(self, validated_data):

        request = self.context.get("request")
        if request and hasattr(request, "user"):
            user = request.user

        validated_data["order_num"] = generateOrderNum(userid=user.id)
        validated_data["order_status"] = "未支付"

        data_dic = validated_data.pop("data_params") #

        validated_data["buytime"] = data_dic["data"]["buytime"]
        validated_data["count"] = data_dic["data"]["count"]
        validated_data["paytype"] = ""  # 支付类型

        validated_data["cost"] = 0.00  # 所需钱
        validated_data["account"] = user.account  # 是哪个账户

        return Order.objects.create(**validated_data)

你知道，在我的序列化程序中，我弹出了data_params：

data_dic = validated_data.pop("data_params")

但是当我访问此API时，我得到：

/ api / financialmanage / order / add /
的AttributeError 尝试在序列化程序data_params上获取字段OrderCreateSerializer的值时出现AttributeError 序列化程序字段可能名称不正确，并且与Order实例上的任何属性或键都不匹配原始例外文字是：＆＃39;订单＆＃39;对象没有属性＆＃39; data_params＆＃39;。

如果我不弹出data_params，我会收到以下错误：

/ api / financialmanage / order / add /
的TypeError ＆＃39; data_params＆＃39;是此函数的无效关键字参数

修改

我的views.py:

class OrderSerializerCreateAPIView(CreateAPIView):
    """
    create Order
    """
    serializer_class = OrderCreateSerializer
    permission_classes = []
    queryset = Order.objects.all()

修改-2

就我而言，data_params词典对我来说是必要的。因为当我购买具有计数，vcpus，ram，磁盘和带宽的产品（例如CloudServer）时，我通过data_params来获取它。

您可能想知道为什么我必须使用data_params来接收数据，因为产品可能不同，如果产品是Wine，它现在不能拥有vcpus属性。

Answer 1

class OrderCreateSerializer(ModelSerializer):
    data_params = DictField(child=serializers.CharField())
    .
    .
    .
    def create(self, validated_data):
        print(validated_data)

        data_dic = validated_data.pop("data_params")
        print(data_dic)
        return super(OrderCreateSerializer, self).create(validated_data)


class OrderSerializer(ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Order
        fields = '__all__'

    # by @Vasil Shtiliyanov if you want return data_parms after create
    def to_representation(self, instance):
        serialized_data = super(OrderSerializer, self).to_representation(instance)
        serialized_data['data-params'] = #logic goes here
        return serialized_data

class OrderSerializerCreateAPIView(CreateAPIView):
    """
    create Order
    """
    serializer_class = OrderCreateSerializer
    permission_classes = []
    queryset = Order.objects.all()

   def create(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        serializer = self.get_serializer(data=request.data)
        serializer.is_valid(raise_exception=True)
        instance = self.perform_create(serializer)
        data = OrderSerializer(instance).data
        headers = self.get_success_headers(data )
        return Response(data , status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED, headers=headers)

    def perform_create(self, serializer):
       return serializer.save()

Answer 2

如果要在序列化程序不是模型中的字段时将data-params参数添加到序列化程序，则应使用DRF的def to_representation函数。应该看起来像这样：

def to_representation(self, instance):
serialized_data = super(SerializerClass, self).to_representation(instance)
serialized_data['data-params'] = #logic goes here
return serialized_data

从Meta类的fields参数中删除data-params。

Answer 3

我对您的解决相同：

data_params = serializers.DictField()   # yours

data_params = serializers.DictField(write_only=True)  # try it, pls.

源代码：

# rest_framework/serializers.py => L504
def to_representation():.
    ..  
    fields = self._readable_fields  # this function rest_framework/serializers.py=>L371
    ...

Django Rest Framework：尝试在序列化程序`OrderCreateSerializer`

3 个答案: