Question

我想制作一个AngularJS + Spring MVC + Hibernate + MySQL应用程序。我无法理解如何配置spring bean，这样我就可以对我的存储库和实体类使用@Autowired注释。

pom.xml个依赖项：

<groupId>com.kspt</groupId>
<artifactId>pms</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <configuration>
                <source>1.8</source>
                <target>1.8</target>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>


<properties>
    <java-version>1.8</java-version>
    <spring-core.version>4.1.6.RELEASE</spring-core.version>
    <javax.servlet-api.version>3.1.0</javax.servlet-api.version>
    <spring-data-jpa.version>1.9.2.RELEASE</spring-data-jpa.version>
    <hibernate.version>5.2.12.Final</hibernate.version>
    <mysql-connector-java.version>5.1.34</mysql-connector-java.version>
    <commons-dbcp2.version>2.1.1</commons-dbcp2.version>
    <jta.version>1.1</jta.version>
    <junit.version>4.11</junit.version>
    <spring-webmvc.version>4.1.6.RELEASE</spring-webmvc.version>
    <spring-test.version>4.1.6.RELEASE</spring-test.version>
    <jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
</properties>

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
        <version>${spring-core.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
        <version>${spring-core.version}</version>
    </dependency>


    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>


    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
        <version>${spring-webmvc.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>${spring-webmvc.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>${javax.servlet-api.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
        <version>${spring-data-jpa.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
        <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.3</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
        <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.3</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
        <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.3</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
        <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
        <version>${hibernate.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
        <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
        <version>${hibernate.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>${mysql-connector-java.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--JSF (include "jsf-api" and "jsf-impl")-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.glassfish</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.faces</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.10</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

User实体类：

@Entity
@Table(name = "USERS")
public class User {

    @Id
    @Column(name = "ID")
    @GeneratedValue
    private Long id;

    @Column(name = "LOGIN", unique = true, nullable = false)
    private String login;

    @Column(name = "NAME")
    private String name;

    @JsonIgnore
    @Column(name = "PASSWORD")
    private String password;

    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getLogin() {
        return login;
    }

    public void setLogin(String login) {
        this.login = login;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }
}

User的存储库：

@Repository
public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Long> {
    Optional<User> findByLogin(String login);
}

User的控制器：

@RestController
@RequestMapping({"{login}"})
public class UserController {
    @Autowired
    UserRepository userRepository;

    @RequestMapping
    public User getUser(@PathVariable String login) {
        return userRepository.findByLogin(login)
                .orElseThrow(() -> new UserNotFoundException(login));
    }

    @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public void addUser(@PathVariable String login, @RequestBody User user) {
        userRepository.save(user);
    }
}

配置类：

@EnableWebMvc
@Configuration
@ComponentScan("com.kspt.pms")
public class AppConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
    @Override
    public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
        registry.addResourceHandler("/resources/**")
                .addResourceLocations("/WEB-INF/resources/");
    }

    @Bean
    public ViewResolver getViewResolver(){
        InternalResourceViewResolver resolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
        resolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/view/");
        resolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
        return resolver;
    }

    @Override
    public void configureDefaultServletHandling(DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer configurer) {
        configurer.enable();
    }
}

web.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextClass</param-name>
            <param-value>
                org.springframework.web.context.support.AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext
            </param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>
                com.kspt.pms.AppConfig
            </param-value>
        </init-param>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>*.form</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

当我尝试运行应用程序时，我得到以下异常：

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'userController': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: com.kspt.pms.repository.UserRepository com.kspt.pms.controller.UserController.userRepository; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [com.kspt.pms.repository.UserRepository] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}

据我所知，这是因为我没有为Spring创建一个applicationContext.xml文件来知道如何自动装配所有bean类。我决定尝试@EnableAutoConfiguration注释，以便自动生成所有必需的文件。但是当我将该注释添加到AppConfig类时，我会收到以下错误：

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/orm/jpa/HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration.class]: Bean instantiation via factory method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Failed to instantiate [org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean]: Factory method 'entityManagerFactory' threw exception; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [javax.sql.DataSource] is defined

所以我有几个问题：

我是否正确，我需要使用bean描述创建applicationContext.xml文件，或者当您使用Hibernate（或Spring Data）时，它会以某种方式自动生成此文件？
还有其他方式不能手动编写applicationContext，而是以某种方式生成它吗？
如果我对applicationContext错了，那么为什么会出现这些错误？

也许我只是不理解Spring和Hybernate的概念。那么有人可以帮我吗？

Answer 1

没有定义[javax.sql.DataSource]类型的限定bean

这是你问题的关键。要支持存储库和hibernate，您需要使用数据库的所有配置声明DataSource bean - URL，凭据等。

有关带注释的DataSource配置示例或基于XML的配置here，请参阅here

你需要这样的东西

@Bean
public DataSource dataSource() {
    DriverManagerDataSource dataSource = new DriverManagerDataSource();
    dataSource.setDriverClassName(env.getRequiredProperty("jdbc.driverClassName"));
    dataSource.setUrl(env.getRequiredProperty("jdbc.url"));
    dataSource.setUsername(env.getRequiredProperty("jdbc.username"));
    dataSource.setPassword(env.getRequiredProperty("jdbc.password"));
    return dataSource;
}

Answer 2

对我有用的是什么：

我使用IO Spring Platform来解析pom.xml中的依赖关系和spring库版本：

<groupId>com.kspt</groupId>
<artifactId>pms</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <configuration>
                <source>1.8</source>
                <target>1.8</target>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>


<properties>
    <java-version>1.8</java-version>
    <spring-core.version>4.1.6.RELEASE</spring-core.version>
    <javax.servlet-api.version>3.1.0</javax.servlet-api.version>
    <spring-data-jpa.version>1.9.2.RELEASE</spring-data-jpa.version>
    <hibernate.version>5.2.12.Final</hibernate.version>
    <mysql-connector-java.version>5.1.34</mysql-connector-java.version>
    <commons-dbcp2.version>2.1.1</commons-dbcp2.version>
    <jta.version>1.1</jta.version>
    <junit.version>4.11</junit.version>
    <spring-webmvc.version>4.1.6.RELEASE</spring-webmvc.version>
    <spring-test.version>4.1.6.RELEASE</spring-test.version>
    <jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
</properties>

<dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.spring.platform</groupId>
            <artifactId>platform-bom</artifactId>
            <version>Brussels-SR6</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
        <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
        <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
        <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>${javax.servlet-api.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
        <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
        <version>${hibernate.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
        <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
        <version>${hibernate.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>${mysql-connector-java.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--JSF (include "jsf-api" and "jsf-impl")-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.glassfish</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.faces</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.10</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
        <version>1.7.21</version> <!-- or use LATEST -->
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>slf4j-simple</artifactId>
        <version>1.7.21</version> <!-- or use LATEST -->
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

将EntityManager，TransactionManager和DataSource bean添加到我的配置中：

@Bean
public DataSource dataSource() {
    DriverManagerDataSource dataSource = new DriverManagerDataSource();dataSource.setDriverClassName(env.getRequiredProperty("jdbc.driverClassName"));

    dataSource.setUrl(env.getRequiredProperty("jdbc.url"));
    dataSource.setUsername(env.getRequiredProperty("jdbc.username"));
    dataSource.setPassword(env.getRequiredProperty("jdbc.password"));
    return dataSource;
}

@Bean
public JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate(DataSource dataSource) {
    JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
    jdbcTemplate.setResultsMapCaseInsensitive(true);
    return jdbcTemplate;
}

@Bean
public EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory() {

    HibernateJpaVendorAdapter vendorAdapter = new HibernateJpaVendorAdapter();
    vendorAdapter.setGenerateDdl(true);

    LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean factory = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
    factory.setJpaVendorAdapter(vendorAdapter);
    factory.setPackagesToScan("com.kspt.pms");
    factory.setDataSource(dataSource());
    factory.setPersistenceUnitName("my-pms");
    factory.setPersistenceProviderClass(HibernatePersistenceProvider.class);
    factory.afterPropertiesSet();
    return factory.getObject();
}

@Bean
public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager() {

    JpaTransactionManager txManager = new JpaTransactionManager();
    txManager.setEntityManagerFactory(entityManagerFactory());
    return txManager;
}

将persistence.xml个文件添加到resources/META-INF并在其中声明了我的持久单元：

<persistence-unit name="my-pms">
    <class>com.kspt.pms.entity.BugReport</class>
    <class>com.kspt.pms.entity.Comment</class>
    <class>com.kspt.pms.entity.Message</class>
    <class>com.kspt.pms.entity.Milestone</class>
    <class>com.kspt.pms.entity.Project</class>
    <class>com.kspt.pms.entity.Ticket</class>
    <class>com.kspt.pms.entity.User</class>
</persistence-unit>

配置Spring bean

2 个答案: