使用IMemoryCache缓存结果任务<t>的正确方法

时间:2018-02-12 17:29:58

标签: c# .net asynchronous caching

我正在寻找一种方法来包装一个为某些数据调用远程WCF服务的服务。例如,此类服务可能如下所示

public interface IAsyncSvc
{
    Task<int[]> GetData(int key);
}

public class SomeAsyncSvc:IAsyncSvc
{
    public Task<int[]> GetData(int key)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("SomeAsyncSvc::GetData()");
        return Task.Factory.StartNew(() =>
        {
            //Some time-consuming operation
            Thread.Sleep(1000);
            return Enumerable.Range(1, key).ToArray();
        });
    }
}

我第一次写了一个简单的缓存包装器:

public class SomeAsyncSvcCachedTask : IAsyncSvcCached
{
    private readonly IAsyncSvc _svc;
    private readonly IMemoryCache _cache;

    public SomeAsyncSvcCachedTask(IAsyncSvc svc, IMemoryCache cache)
    {
        _svc = svc;
        _cache = cache;
    }

    public Task<int[]> GetData(int v)
    {
        if (_cache.TryGetValue(v, out Task<int[]> cacheEntry))
            return cacheEntry;

        var task = _svc.GetData(v);
        var cacheEntryOptions = new MemoryCacheEntryOptions()
            .SetAbsoluteExpiration(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5));

        _cache.Set(v, task, cacheEntryOptions);

        return task;
    }
}

缓存任务&lt;&gt;的主要缺点如果第一次尝试缓存失败,我会缓存一个错误的任务并一遍又一遍地接收相同的异常查询Task.Result,直到另一个非缓存的成功调用。

然后我为它写了另一个包装器:

public class SomeAsyncSvcCached : IAsyncSvcCached
{
    private readonly IAsyncSvc _svc;
    private readonly IMemoryCache _cache;

    public SomeAsyncSvcCached(IAsyncSvc svc, IMemoryCache cache)
    {
        _svc = svc;
        _cache = cache;
    }

    public Task<int[]> GetData(int v)
    {
        if (_cache.TryGetValue(v, out int[] cacheEntry))
            return Task.FromResult(cacheEntry);

        var task = _svc.GetData(v);
        task.ContinueWith(t =>
        {
            var cacheEntryOptions = new MemoryCacheEntryOptions()
                .SetAbsoluteExpiration(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5));

            _cache.Set(v, t.Result, cacheEntryOptions);
        }, TaskContinuationOptions.NotOnFaulted);

        return task;
    }
}

主要思想不是缓存Task<int[]>,而只是int[]类型的结果。作为一个优点,如果第一次调用失败,那么这个包装器将尝试反复读取数据,而不是返回缓存的错误。

这种方法的缺点是什么?也许有一种更简单的方法来实现返回Task<>的缓存方法调用的目标?

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

看一下这篇文章: http://cpratt.co/thread-safe-strongly-typed-memory-caching-c-sharp/

public static async Task<T> AddOrGetExistingAsync<T>(
    this ObjectCache cache,
    string key,
    Func<Task<T>> valueFactory,
    CacheItemPolicy policy)
{
    var newValue = new AsyncLazy<T>(valueFactory);
    var oldValue = cache.AddOrGetExisting(key, newValue, policy) as Lazy<T>;

    try
    {
        return oldValue != null ? oldValue.Value : await newValue.Value;
    }
    catch
    {
        cache.Remove(key);
        throw;
    }
}