Question

我无法解决这个问题而且我变得疯狂。

JSON_encode()在一组10k记录中的几条记录（2或3）上输出错误：Malformed UTF-8 characters, possibly incorrectly encoded。然而，这似乎很难解决。

mysql已经是utf8mb4无处不在（数据库，表，列和整理）
php是7.2，当然还有utf8
apache default charset是utf8（但错误是在PHP级别抛出）。

我还可以在简单的HTML调试页面中打印以正确筛选PHP中的记录而不会出现问题。但是，如果我尝试用JSON编码，我会收到错误。

我发现这些记录是从CVS导入的，可能绕过了清洁工。奇怪的是整个CSV文件解析为：

$this->encoding = mb_detect_encoding($source,mb_detect_order(),true);
if ($this->encoding!="" && $this->encoding!="UTF8") {
    $source = iconv($this->encoding, "UTF-8", $source);
}

由于隐私（和GDPR），我无法发布任何完整的破损数据。然而，我成功地提取了一个似乎是破碎的部分：

RESIDENCE �PRINCIPE

更新

我试图获得这些破碎的字符的bitcode。这是我发现的。在ASCII中，通过使用简单的本机函数str_split和ord，这些char是：

'�' 160

我想在utf8中找到bitcode，所以我在PHP.net上找到了这个有用的函数http://php.net/manual/en/function.ord.php#109812 哪个尝试找到MultiByteStrings的bitcode。它给了我：

-2096

哪个是.......否定？

Answer 1

<强>解决！

问题出在函数mb_detect_order()中，这个函数不能像我期望的那样工作。我认为这是一个完全支持编码顺序的列表，主要用于加快检测过程。

但我发现这个函数只返回2个编码：

//print_r(mb_detect_order());
Array
(
    [0] => ASCII
    [1] => UTF-8
)

在我的情况下，这几乎完全没用。 MB功能可以检测更多的字符集。您可以通过运行mb_list_encodings()查看它们并获取完整列表：

//print_r(mb_list_encodings());
Array
(
    [0] => pass
    [1] => auto
    [2] => wchar
    [3] => byte2be
    [4] => byte2le
    [5] => byte4be
    [6] => byte4le
    [7] => BASE64
    [8] => UUENCODE
    [9] => HTML-ENTITIES
    [10] => Quoted-Printable
    [11] => 7bit
    [12] => 8bit
    [13] => UCS-4
    [14] => UCS-4BE
    [15] => UCS-4LE
    [16] => UCS-2
    [17] => UCS-2BE
    [18] => UCS-2LE
    [19] => UTF-32
    [20] => UTF-32BE
    [21] => UTF-32LE
    [22] => UTF-16
    [23] => UTF-16BE
    [24] => UTF-16LE
    [25] => UTF-8
    [26] => UTF-7
    [27] => UTF7-IMAP
    [28] => ASCII
    [29] => EUC-JP
    [30] => SJIS
    [31] => eucJP-win
    [32] => EUC-JP-2004
    [33] => SJIS-win
    [34] => SJIS-Mobile#DOCOMO
    [35] => SJIS-Mobile#KDDI
    [36] => SJIS-Mobile#SOFTBANK
    [37] => SJIS-mac
    [38] => SJIS-2004
    [39] => UTF-8-Mobile#DOCOMO
    [40] => UTF-8-Mobile#KDDI-A
    [41] => UTF-8-Mobile#KDDI-B
    [42] => UTF-8-Mobile#SOFTBANK
    [43] => CP932
    [44] => CP51932
    [45] => JIS
    [46] => ISO-2022-JP
    [47] => ISO-2022-JP-MS
    [48] => GB18030
    [49] => Windows-1252
    [50] => Windows-1254
    [51] => ISO-8859-1
    [52] => ISO-8859-2
    [53] => ISO-8859-3
    [54] => ISO-8859-4
    [55] => ISO-8859-5
    [56] => ISO-8859-6
    [57] => ISO-8859-7
    [58] => ISO-8859-8
    [59] => ISO-8859-9
    [60] => ISO-8859-10
    [61] => ISO-8859-13
    [62] => ISO-8859-14
    [63] => ISO-8859-15
    [64] => ISO-8859-16
    [65] => EUC-CN
    [66] => CP936
    [67] => HZ
    [68] => EUC-TW
    [69] => BIG-5
    [70] => CP950
    [71] => EUC-KR
    [72] => UHC
    [73] => ISO-2022-KR
    [74] => Windows-1251
    [75] => CP866
    [76] => KOI8-R
    [77] => KOI8-U
    [78] => ArmSCII-8
    [79] => CP850
    [80] => JIS-ms
    [81] => ISO-2022-JP-2004
    [82] => ISO-2022-JP-MOBILE#KDDI
    [83] => CP50220
    [84] => CP50220raw
    [85] => CP50221
    [86] => CP50222
)

我错了，认为mb_detect_order只是此列表的有序版本。 mb_detect_order只是......毫无用处。为了以正确的方式编码UTF8，请使用以下代码：

$my_encoding_list = [
    "UTF-8",
    "UTF-7",
    "UTF-16",
    "UTF-32",
    "ISO-8859-16",
    "ISO-8859-15",
    "ISO-8859-10",
    "ISO-8859-1",
    "Windows-1254",
    "Windows-1252",
    "Windows-1251",
    "ASCII",
    //add yours preferred
];

//remove unsupported encodings
$encoding_list = array_intersect($my_encoding_list, mb_list_encodings());

//detect 'finally' the encoding
$this->encoding = mb_detect_encoding($source,$encoding_list,true);

这解决了我在数据库中保存的错误数据的问题。

Answer 2

您可以使用UTF-8//IGNORE方法中的iconv字符集来过滤这些未知字符。

$this->encoding = mb_detect_encoding($source,mb_detect_order(),true);

if ($this->encoding!="" && $this->encoding!="UTF8") {
    $source = iconv($this->encoding, "UTF-8//IGNORE", $source);
}

在charset之后使用//IGNORE，将无声地丢弃目标字符集中无法表示的每个字符。

PHP JSON_encode（）收到“格式错误的UTF-8字符，可能编码错误”（错误）

2 个答案: