Python - 如何使用asyncio异步运行任务

时间:2018-05-31 23:16:28

标签: python python-asyncio

我试图同时为列表中的单个客户端运行2个任务,但它没有按预期工作 - 任务仍然同步运行(请参阅Output)。你能帮我理解我的代码有什么问题吗?谢谢。

代码

#!/usr/bin/env python3

import asyncio


async def do_b(client):
    print('{}: doing b...'.format(client))
    await asyncio.sleep(1)
    print('{}: b is done!'.format(client))


async def do_a(client):
    print('{}: doing a...'.format(client))
    await asyncio.sleep(1)
    print('{}: a is done!'.format(client))


async def loop_a():
    clients = ['CLIENT-1', 'CLIENT-2', 'CLIENT-3', 'CLIENT-4', 'CLIENT-5']

    for client in clients:
        task1 = asyncio.ensure_future(do_a(client))
        task2 = asyncio.ensure_future(do_b(client))

        await asyncio.gather(task1, task2)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
    loop.run_until_complete(loop_a())
    loop.close()

输出

CLIENT-1: doing a...
CLIENT-1: doing b...
CLIENT-1: a is done!
CLIENT-1: b is done!
CLIENT-2: doing a...
CLIENT-2: doing b...
CLIENT-2: a is done!
CLIENT-2: b is done!
CLIENT-3: doing a...
CLIENT-3: doing b...
CLIENT-3: a is done!
CLIENT-3: b is done!
CLIENT-4: doing a...
CLIENT-4: doing b...
CLIENT-4: a is done!
CLIENT-4: b is done!
CLIENT-5: doing a...
CLIENT-5: doing b...
CLIENT-5: a is done!
CLIENT-5: b is done!

编辑:

另一个问题。如何让它像这样执行,不遵循列表中的顺序?因为目前,CLIENT-1CLIENT-2阻止,与其他客户端一样,我试图避免这种情况。这可能吗?

CLIENT-1: doing a...
CLIENT-2: doing a...
CLIENT-1: doing b...
CLIENT-3: doing a...
CLIENT-1: a is done!
CLIENT-1: b is done!
CLIENT-2: a is done!
CLIENT-3: a is done!
CLIENT-2: doing b...
CLIENT-2: b is done!
CLIENT-3: doing b...
CLIENT-3: b is done!

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

首先,两个任务并非同步运行,因为您可以看到doing b...一直显示在doing a...a is done!之间的事实

每对任务在下一个客户端启动之前完成,但那是因为你明确要求这样做。如果您不想await每对,只需......每对await。例如:

futs = []
for client in clients:
    futs.append(asyncio.ensure_future(do_a(client)))
    futs.append(asyncio.ensure_future(do_b(client)))
await asyncio.gather(*futs)

答案 1 :(得分:0)

ab同时运行,输出结果显示。客户端1,2,3,4和5按顺序运行,因为它们之间存在await asyncio.gather

您可以将所有任务合并到一个列表中,以使它们同时运行:

async def loop_a():
    clients = ['CLIENT-1', 'CLIENT-2', 'CLIENT-3', 'CLIENT-4', 'CLIENT-5']

    tasks = []
    for client in clients:
        tasks.append(asyncio.ensure_future(do_a(client)))
        tasks.append(asyncio.ensure_future(do_b(client)))
    await asyncio.gather(*tasks)

现在打印:

CLIENT-1: doing a...
CLIENT-1: doing b...
CLIENT-2: doing a...
CLIENT-2: doing b...
CLIENT-3: doing a...
CLIENT-3: doing b...
CLIENT-4: doing a...
CLIENT-4: doing b...
CLIENT-5: doing a...
CLIENT-5: doing b...
CLIENT-1: a is done!
CLIENT-2: a is done!
CLIENT-3: b is done!
CLIENT-1: b is done!
CLIENT-3: a is done!
CLIENT-2: b is done!
CLIENT-4: a is done!
CLIENT-5: b is done!
CLIENT-4: b is done!
CLIENT-5: a is done!
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