Question

我正在尝试为DeltaSpike存储库运行一个简单的测试。但是，我无法注入实体管理器。我正在使用位于测试源的生产商：

@ApplicationScoped
public class EntityManagerProducer {

    @Produces
    public EntityManager getEntityManager() {
        return Persistence
          .createEntityManagerFactory("primary-test")
          .createEntityManager();
    }
}

在测试资源下的META-INF文件夹中，我有一个persistence.xml文件，其中定义了主要测试持久性单元：

<persistence version="2.0"
         xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_0.xsd">
    <persistence-unit name="primary-test" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
        <properties>
            <!-- Configuring JDBC properties -->
            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.url" value="jdbc:h2:mem:test"/>
            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.driver" value="org.h2.Driver"/>

            <!-- Hibernate properties -->
            <property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect"/>
            <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="create-drop"/>
            <property name="hibernate.format_sql" value="false"/>
            <property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="true"/>
        </properties>
    </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

在非常简单的单元中，我试图注入实体管理器：

@RunWith(CdiTestRunner.class)
public class UserRepositoryTest {

    @Inject
    private EntityManager entityManager;

    @Test
    public void shouldReturnEmptyListWhenDBIsEmpty() {
        // dummy test here
    }
}

然而，当我运行它时，我得到了例外：

 WELD-001408 Unsatisfied dependencies for type [EntityManager] with qualifiers [@Default] at injection point [[field] @Inject private com.repository.UserRepositoryTest.entityManager]

我的pom.xml依赖于Apache DeltaSpike测试模块和Weld：

<properties>
  <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  <deltaspike.version>1.8.2</deltaspike.version>
  <weld.version>1.1.10.Final</weld.version>
</properties>

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.deltaspike.modules</groupId>
  <artifactId>deltaspike-test-control-module-api</artifactId>
  <version>${deltaspike.version}</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.deltaspike.modules</groupId>
  <artifactId>deltaspike-test-control-module-impl</artifactId>
  <version>${deltaspike.version}</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.deltaspike.cdictrl</groupId>
  <artifactId>deltaspike-cdictrl-weld</artifactId>
  <version>${deltaspike.version}</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.jboss.weld.se</groupId>
  <artifactId>weld-se-core</artifactId>
  <version>${weld.version}</version>
  <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

无法注入实体经理的任何想法？我不想使用Arquillian。

编辑：目前的pom.xml：

<groupId>com.us</groupId>
<artifactId>deltaspike-samples</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>

<name>DeltaSpike samples</name>

<properties>
  <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  <deltaspike.version>1.8.1</deltaspike.version>
  <weld.version>3.0.4.Final</weld.version>
</properties>

<dependencyManagement>
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.deltaspike.distribution</groupId>
      <artifactId>distributions-bom</artifactId>
      <version>${deltaspike.version}</version>
      <type>pom</type>
      <scope>import</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.wildfly.bom</groupId>
      <artifactId>jboss-javaee-7.0-with-hibernate</artifactId>
      <version>8.2.2.Final</version>
      <type>pom</type>
      <scope>import</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>

<dependencies>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>javax</groupId>
    <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
    <version>7.0</version>
    <scope>provided</scope>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.deltaspike.core</groupId>
    <artifactId>deltaspike-core-api</artifactId>
    <scope>compile</scope>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.deltaspike.core</groupId>
    <artifactId>deltaspike-core-impl</artifactId>
    <scope>runtime</scope>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.deltaspike.modules</groupId>
    <artifactId>deltaspike-data-module-api</artifactId>
    <scope>compile</scope>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.deltaspike.modules</groupId>
    <artifactId>deltaspike-data-module-impl</artifactId>
    <scope>runtime</scope>
  </dependency>

  <!--Test dependencies-->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>junit</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    <version>4.12</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.deltaspike.modules</groupId>
    <artifactId>deltaspike-test-control-module-api</artifactId>
    <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.deltaspike.modules</groupId>
    <artifactId>deltaspike-test-control-module-impl</artifactId>
    <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.deltaspike.cdictrl</groupId>
    <artifactId>deltaspike-cdictrl-api</artifactId>
    <version>${deltaspike.version}</version>
    <scope>compile</scope>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.deltaspike.cdictrl</groupId>
    <artifactId>deltaspike-cdictrl-weld</artifactId>
    <version>${deltaspike.version}</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>javax.enterprise</groupId>
    <artifactId>cdi-api</artifactId>
    <version>2.0</version>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.jboss.weld.se</groupId>
    <artifactId>weld-se-shaded</artifactId>
    <version>3.0.4.Final</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.hibernate.javax.persistence</groupId>
    <artifactId>hibernate-jpa-2.1-api</artifactId>
    <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.jboss.spec.javax.annotation</groupId>
    <artifactId>jboss-annotations-api_1.2_spec</artifactId>
    <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>

</dependencies>

Answer 1

在JAVA SE中使用CDI需要将beans.xml放入META-INF 虽然这是Java EE 7以来的可选项。

然后，将发现模式设置为annotated，并检测您的生产者。

这是一个有效的配置：

<properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <deltaspike.version>1.8.2</deltaspike.version>
    <weld.version>3.0.4.Final</weld.version>
</properties>

现在，以下是设置基本DeltaSpike依赖关系的方法：

<dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.deltaspike.distribution</groupId>
            <artifactId>distributions-bom</artifactId>
            <version>${deltaspike.version}</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>

在依赖项中，你应该有这些规范：

<dependency>
    <groupId>javax.enterprise</groupId>
    <artifactId>cdi-api</artifactId>
    <version>2.0</version>
    <scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>javax.transaction</groupId>
    <artifactId>javax.transaction-api</artifactId>
    <version>1.3</version>
</dependency>   

<dependency>
    <groupId>javax.persistence</groupId>
    <artifactId>javax.persistence-api</artifactId>
    <version>2.2</version>
</dependency>

现在是时候依赖实施了。

首先，Deltaspike本身：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.deltaspike.core</groupId>
    <artifactId>deltaspike-core-api</artifactId>
    <scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.deltaspike.core</groupId>
    <artifactId>deltaspike-core-impl</artifactId>
    <scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.deltaspike.cdictrl</groupId>
    <artifactId>deltaspike-cdictrl-api</artifactId>
    <scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>

然后JBoss Weld 3（CDI 2.0 impl）

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.jboss.weld.se</groupId>
    <artifactId>weld-se-shaded</artifactId>
    <version>${weld.version}</version>
    <scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>

DeltaSpike的Weld控制器：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.deltaspike.cdictrl</groupId>
    <artifactId>deltaspike-cdictrl-weld</artifactId>
    <scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>

然后是DeltaSpike数据模块：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.deltaspike.modules</groupId>
    <artifactId>deltaspike-data-module-api</artifactId>
    <version>${deltaspike.version}</version>
    <scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.deltaspike.modules</groupId>
    <artifactId>deltaspike-data-module-impl</artifactId>
    <version>${deltaspike.version}</version>
    <scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>

现在是JPA实现（EclipseLink JPA 2.7.1）和嵌入式数据库服务器H2的时候了：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.eclipse.persistence</groupId>
    <artifactId>org.eclipse.persistence.jpa</artifactId>
    <version>2.7.1</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
    <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
    <version>1.4.197</version>
    <scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>

要使用JUnit 5创建单元测试，您需要：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
    <version>5.1.0</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
    <version>5.1.0</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
    <version>5.1.0</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.junit.platform</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit-platform-launcher</artifactId>
    <version>1.1.0</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.junit.platform</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit-platform-runner</artifactId>
    <version>1.1.0</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

为了能够在JUnit类中使用单个注释启动CDI，您也需要这样：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.jboss.weld</groupId>
    <artifactId>weld-junit5</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.2.Final</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

要在Maven中启用JUnit 5，您必须配置maven-surefire-plugin：

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.19.1</version>
            <dependencies>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.junit.platform</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit-platform-surefire-provider</artifactId>
                    <version>1.0.3</version>
                </dependency>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>
                    <version>5.0.3</version>
                </dependency>
            </dependencies>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

而且，我将使用Lombok和SLF4J：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
    <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
    <version>1.16.20</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
    <version>1.7.25</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>slf4j-simple</artifactId>
    <version>1.7.25</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

这是我的项目结构：

main/java/fr/fxjavadevblog
          +-- VideoGame.java (JPA Entity)
          +-- VideoGameFactory.java
          +-- VideoGameRepository.java (interface)
          +-- InjectedUUID.java (annotation def.)
          +-- Producers.java (produces EntityManager and UUID has string)
    /resources/META-INF
          +-- beans.xml
          +-- persistence.xml

test/java/fr/fxjavadevblog
          +-- VideoGameReposityTest.java (JUnit 5)
    /resources/META-INF
          +-- beans.xml
          +-- persistence.xml

以下是我的CDI制作人，DeltaSpike Data需要并将UUID作为私钥注入：

package fr.fxjavadevblog;

import javax.enterprise.context.ApplicationScoped;
import javax.enterprise.inject.Produces;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
import java.util.UUID;

/**
 * composite of CDI Producers.
 *
 * @author robin
 */
@ApplicationScoped
public class Producers
{
    public static final String UNIT_NAME = "cdi-deltaspike-demo";

    /**
     * produces the instance of entity manager for the application and for DeltaSpike.
     */
    @Produces
    @SuppressWarnings("unused") // just remove the warning, because the field serves as CDI Producer and the IDE cannot detect it.
    private static EntityManager em = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory(UNIT_NAME).createEntityManager();

    /**
     * produces randomly generated UUID for primary keys.
     *
     * @return UUID as a HEXA-STRING
     *
     */
    @Produces
    @InjectedUUID
    @SuppressWarnings("unused") // just remove the warning, because the method serves as CDI Producer and the IDE cannot detect it.
    public String produceUUIDAsString()
    {
        return UUID.randomUUID().toString();
    }
}

此类使用名为@InjectedUUID的自定义CDI限定符：

package fr.fxjavadevblog;

import javax.inject.Qualifier;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;


import static java.lang.annotation.ElementType.*;
import static java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME;

/**
 * CDI Qualifier for UUID Producers
 *
 * @author robin
 */

@Qualifier
@Retention(RUNTIME)
@Target({METHOD, FIELD, PARAMETER, TYPE})
public @interface InjectedUUID 
{
}

这是我的JPA实体，使用Lombok和CDI注释：

package fr.fxjavadevblog;

import lombok.*;

import javax.enterprise.context.Dependent;
import javax.inject.Inject;
import javax.persistence.*;
import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * simple JPA Entity, using Lombok and CDI Injected fields (UUID).
 *
 * @author robin
 */

// lombok annotations
@NoArgsConstructor(access = AccessLevel.PROTECTED) // to avoid direct instanciation bypassing the factory.
@ToString(of = {"id","name"})
@EqualsAndHashCode(of="id")

// CDI Annotation
@Dependent

// JPA Annotation
@Entity
public class VideoGame implements Serializable {

    @Id
    @Inject @InjectedUUID // ask CDI to inject an brand new UUID
    @Getter
    private String id;

    @Getter @Setter
    private String name;

    // this field will work as a flag to know if the entity has already been persisted
    @Version
    @Getter
    private Long version;
}

这是我的实体类的简单工厂：

/**
 * simple Factory for creation VideoGame instances populated with UUID, ready to persist.
 * This factory is need to get a proper Entity. Entities must not be created with the "new" operator, but must be build
 * by invoking CDI.
 *
 * @author robin
 */
public class VideoGameFactory
{
    /**
     * creates and brand new VideoGame instance with its own UUID as PK.
     *
     * @return instance of a VideoGame
     */
    public static VideoGame newInstance()
    {
        // ask CDI for the instance, injecting required dependencies.
        return CDI.current().select(VideoGame.class).get();
    }
}

最后但并非最不重要的是，我的实体的DeltaSpike Data Resposity：

package fr.fxjavadevblog;

import org.apache.deltaspike.data.api.EntityRepository;
import org.apache.deltaspike.data.api.Repository;


/**
 * CRUD (and much more) interface, using DeltaSpike Data module.
 *
 * @author robin
 */

@Repository
interface VideoGameRepository extends EntityRepository <VideoGame, String>
{
    // nothing to code here : automatic Repo generated by DeltaSpike
}

以下是配置文件：

的beans.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/beans_2_0.xsd"
       bean-discovery-mode="annotated" version="2.0">
</beans>

的persistence.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence version="2.2" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence
                                 http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_2.xsd">
    <persistence-unit name="cdi-deltaspike-demo" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">

        <class>fr.fxjavadevblog.VideoGame</class>

        <properties>
            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.url" value="jdbc:h2:mem:test"/>
            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.driver" value="org.h2.Driver"/>
            <property name="javax.persistence.schema-generation.database.action" value="create"/>
        </properties>

    </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

这些文件也会复制到test / resources / META-INF文件夹中。

最后，这是单元测试：

package fr.fxjavadevblog;

import org.jboss.weld.junit5.EnableWeld;
import org.jboss.weld.junit5.WeldInitiator;
import org.jboss.weld.junit5.WeldSetup;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;

import javax.inject.Inject;

/**
 * simple test class for the VideoGameRepository, using LOMBOK and WELD.
 *
 * @author robin
 */

@Slf4j
@EnableWeld
class VideoGameRepositoryTest
{
    @WeldSetup // This is need to discover Producers and DeltaSpike Repository functionality
    private WeldInitiator weld = WeldInitiator.performDefaultDiscovery();

    @Inject
    private VideoGameRepository repo;

    @Test
    void test()
    {

        VideoGame videoGame = VideoGameFactory.newInstance();
        videoGame.setName("XENON");
        repo.save(videoGame);
        // testing if the ID field had been generated by the JPA Provider.
        Assert.assertNotNull(videoGame.getVersion());
        Assert.assertTrue(videoGame.getVersion() > 0);
        log.info("Video Game : {}", videoGame);
    }

}

Lombok和UUID生产者的使用是可选的。

您可以在github上找到完整的代码源并克隆回购：https://github.com/fxrobin/cdi-deltaspike-demo

Answer 2

我在Deltaspike和数据库存储库的Junit5集成测试中遇到了类似的问题。基本上，使用Junit5 @Test注释时，我无法注入存储库。我必须使用Junit4 @Test注释作为解决方法。

测试DeltaSpike存储库无法注入EntityManager

2 个答案: