查找for循环移动的总距离

时间:2018-07-10 05:59:23

标签: r

我正在尝试查找工人移动的总距离,而我的df看起来像

Name    x    y 
John    12  34
John    15  31
John    8   38
John    20  14 

我尝试使用dist(rbind())函数,但给出的结果不正确。它只是给出sqrt((row1)^2+(row2)^2+(row3)^2+(row4)^2)的结果,我认为这是不正确的。

因此,我尝试使用for循环执行此操作,以便分别计算第1行与第2行,第2行与第3行之间的距离,并进行后续汇总。我该怎么做?

我的代码当前如下所示:

for(i in nrow(df)){
  n <- dist(rbind(df$x,df$y))
}

这只是给我上述错误的单个结果,而不是每1-2行/秒的单个距离的列表。

我的预期输出将是:

4.2426
9.8995
26.8328

然后我可以通过运行来总结它们:

sum(n)

对吗?

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

不需要循环

dplyr

一种dplyr / tidyverse方法也可以涵盖多个名称(因为“名称”列的存在表示多个工作人员)。

df <- data.frame( Name = c("John","John","John","John"),
                  x = c(12,15,8,20),
                  y = c(34,31,38,14),
                  stringsAsFactors = FALSE )

library(tidyverse)
df %>% 
  #group by name (just in case there are multiple workers in the DF)
  #you can remove this line if there is only 1 worker
  group_by( Name ) %>%
  #get the previous x and y value
  mutate( x_prev = lag( x ), y_prev = lag( y ) ) %>%
  #filter out rows without previous x value
  filter( !is.na( x_prev ) ) %>%
  #calculate the distance
  mutate( distance = sqrt( abs (x - x_prev )^2 + abs( y - y_prev )^2 ) ) %>%
  #summarise to get the total distance
  summarise( total_distance = sum( distance ) )

# # A tibble: 1 x 2
#     Name  total_distance
#     <chr>          <dbl>
#   1 John            41.0

基本R

#create a matrix of x and y, calculate the distance and create a matrix from the results
M <- as.matrix( dist( matrix( c( df$x, df$y ), ncol = 2 ) ) )
M
#           1         2         3        4
# 1  0.000000  4.242641  5.656854 21.54066
# 2  4.242641  0.000000  9.899495 17.72005
# 3  5.656854  9.899495  0.000000 26.83282
# 4 21.540659 17.720045 26.832816  0.00000
#get the first off diagonal of the matrix (row = column+1)
M[row(M) == col(M) + 1]
#[1]  4.242641  9.899495 26.832816
#sum the first off diagonal
sum( M[row(M) == col(M) + 1] )
#[1] 40.97495

答案 1 :(得分:1)

使用基数R,您可以在每对连续的行对上调用dist,然后在相邻的距离cumsum处按名称获取结果。

df <- read.table(text="Name    x    y 
John    12  34
John    15  31
John    8   38
John    20  14
Mark    11  13
Mark    16  18", header=TRUE)

by(df, df$Name, function(mat) {
    idx <- seq_len(nrow(mat))
    cumsum(mapply(function(i,j) dist(mat[c(i,j), c("x","y")]), 
        head(idx, -1), tail(idx, -1)))
})

或者,下面仅计算整个距离矩阵并提取第一个非对角线

by(df, df$Name, function(mat) {
    idx <- seq_len(nrow(mat))
    cumsum(
        as.matrix(dist(mat[,c("x","y")]))[cbind(head(idx, -1), tail(idx, -1))])
})

答案 2 :(得分:0)

df<-data.frame("Name" = rep(x = "John",times = 4),"x" = c(12,15,8,20),"y" = c(34,31,38,14))

#> df
#  Name  x  y
#1 John 12 34
#2 John 15 31
#3 John  8 38
#4 John 20 14

n<-numeric()
for(i in 1:(nrow(df) - 1)){
  n[i] <- dist(rbind(df[i,-1],df[(i + 1),-1]))
}
print(n)

#[1]  4.242641  9.899495 26.832816

sum(n)

#[1] 40.97495
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