我有以下JSON文件：
a_lis= [
{
"id": "0394820934",
"obj": [
{
"fruit": "mint",
"origin": "brazil",
"seller": "unknown",
"record": false
}
],
"available": false,
"count": 0
},
{
"id": "0239840394",
"obj": [
{
"fruit": "grapes",
"origin": "origin",
"seller": "unknown",
"record": false
},
{
"fruit": " ",
"record": false
},
{
"fruit": "ARN",
"origin": "destination",
"seller": "unknown",
"record": true
},
{
"fruit": " no ",
"record": false
},
{
"fruit": "apple",
"origin": "unknown",
"seller": "walmart",
"record": false
}
],
"available": false,
"count": 0
},
{
"id": "0928293820982309",
"obj": [
{
"fruit": "tomato",
"origin": "COL",
"seller": "unknown",
"record": false
},
{
"fruit": "Watermelon",
"origin": "destination",
"seller": "unknown",
"record": false
},
{
"fruit": " ",
"record": false
},
{
"fruit": "pear",
"origin": "return_date",
"seller": "walmart",
"record": true
}
],
"available": false,
"count": 0,
"updated": 0
},
{
"id": "23423423",
"obj": [
{
"fruit": "10",
"origin": "usa",
"seller": "cotsco",
"record": false
}
],
"available": false,
"count": 0
},
{
"id": "230948",
"obj": [
{
"fruit": " ",
"record": false
},
{
"fruit": "pear",
"origin": "adult_companion",
"seller": "sears",
"record": true
},
{
"fruit": "apple",
"record": false
},
{
"fruit": "Watermelon",
"origin": "Japan",
"seller": "unknown",
"record": true
},
{
"fruit": " apple ",
"record": false
},
{
"fruit": " lemon ",
"origin": "Canada",
"seller": "unknown",
"record": true
},
{
"fruit": " the apple is good ",
"record": false
},
{
"fruit": " apple ",
"origin": "COL",
"seller": "sears",
"record": true
}
],
"available": false,
"count": 0
}
]
上面的文件是字典的列表。如何复制所有包含“苹果”一词的子词典并将其附加到a_list中，并将该词替换为柠檬一词？例如：
a_lis = [
{
"id": "0394820934",
"obj": [
{
"fruit": "mint",
"origin": "brazil",
"seller": "unknown",
"record": false
}
],
"available": false,
"count": 0
},
{
"id": "0239840394",
"obj": [
{
"fruit": "grapes",
"origin": "origin",
"seller": "unknown",
"record": false
},
{
"fruit": " ",
"record": false
},
{
"fruit": "ARN",
"origin": "destination",
"seller": "unknown",
"record": true
},
{
"fruit": " no ",
"record": false
},
{
"fruit": "apple",
"origin": "unknown",
"seller": "walmart",
"record": false
}
],
"available": false,
"count": 0
},
{
"id": "0928293820982309",
"obj": [
{
"fruit": "tomato",
"origin": "COL",
"seller": "unknown",
"record": false
},
{
"fruit": "Watermelon",
"origin": "destination",
"seller": "unknown",
"record": false
},
{
"fruit": " ",
"record": false
},
{
"fruit": "pear",
"origin": "return_date",
"seller": "walmart",
"record": true
}
],
"available": false,
"count": 0,
"updated": 0
},
{
"id": "23423423",
"obj": [
{
"fruit": "10",
"origin": "usa",
"seller": "cotsco",
"record": false
}
],
"available": false,
"count": 0
},
{
"id": "230948",
"obj": [
{
"fruit": " ",
"record": false
},
{
"fruit": "pear",
"origin": "adult_companion",
"seller": "sears",
"record": true
},
{
"fruit": "apple",
"record": false
},
{
"fruit": "Watermelon",
"origin": "Japan",
"seller": "unknown",
"record": true
},
{
"fruit": " apple ",
"record": false
},
{
"fruit": " lemon ",
"origin": "Canada",
"seller": "unknown",
"record": true
},
{
"fruit": " the apple is good ",
"record": false
},
{
"fruit": " apple ",
"origin": "COL",
"seller": "sears",
"record": true
}
],
"available": false,
"count": 0
},
{
"id": "0239840394",
"obj": [
{
"fruit": "grapes",
"origin": "origin",
"seller": "unknown",
"record": false
},
{
"fruit": " ",
"record": false
},
{
"fruit": "ARN",
"origin": "destination",
"seller": "unknown",
"record": true
},
{
"fruit": " no ",
"record": false
},
{
"fruit": "lemon",
"origin": "unknown",
"seller": "walmart",
"record": false
}
],
"available": false,
"count": 0
},
{
"id": "230948",
"obj": [
{
"fruit": " ",
"record": false
},
{
"fruit": "pear",
"origin": "adult_companion",
"seller": "sears",
"record": true
},
{
"fruit": "lemon",
"record": false
},
{
"fruit": "Watermelon",
"origin": "Japan",
"seller": "unknown",
"record": true
},
{
"fruit": " lemon ",
"record": false
},
{
"fruit": " lemon ",
"origin": "Canada",
"seller": "unknown",
"record": true
},
{
"fruit": " the lemon is good ",
"record": false
},
{
"fruit": " lemon ",
"origin": "COL",
"seller": "sears",
"record": true
}
],
"available": false,
"count": 0
}
]
换句话说，带有“苹果”一词的原始词典保留在列表中，而复制的版本附加在原始列表中，但带有柠檬一词？我试图按如下方式解析json文件：
import json
from pprint import pprint
json_output = open('file.json','r')
json_output = json.loads(json_output.read())
但是，我不知道如何复制字典并查看字典的嵌套结构。
答案 0 :(得分：2)
鉴于此处的列表和词典的众多网络，对其进行迭代似乎非常费力。
解决问题的更简单方法是将其转换为字符串，将“ apple”替换为“ lemon”，然后将其转换为新的JSON文件，并将您的两个JSON文件合并为第三个文件，将两者合并
此代码适用于稍有更改的JSON文件：
import json
with open('a_lis-wquotes.json') as fa:
a = json.load(fa)
stra = (str(a))
strb = stra.replace("apple", "lemon")
strb = strb.replace("'", '"')
with open('b_lis.json', 'w') as fb:
fb.write(strb)
with open('a_lis-wquotes.json') as fa:
a = json.load(fa)
with open('b_lis.json') as fb:
b = json.load(fb)
c = a + b
strc = str(c)
strc = strc.replace("'", '"')
with open('c_lis.json', 'w') as fc:
fc.write(strc)
您会发现这里有很多引号。
这是出于以下几个原因： -Python的jsondecoder不想导入您的原始JSON，因为它在标记为“ true”和“ false”的记录周围缺少双引号。我在开始之前将这些引号添加到JSON文件中（因此文件名“ a_lis-wquotes.json”）。我在文本编辑器中使用查找/替换来完成此操作。如果由于文件太大而无法在文本编辑器中执行此操作，或者您有太多文件无法手动执行此操作，则可以在Python中执行相同的操作，方法是将该文件加载为文本文件，然后执行在那里替换文字。
在将JSON加载到python中并以字符串形式进行操作时，JSON双引号已替换为单引号。这就是为什么我必须在将文件操作为JSON之前将strb写入文件。
合并文件a和文件b并将JSON写入文件时，单引号/双引号问题再次出现。
总的来说，我认为输出与您期望的输出相匹配（不过，请再次忽略单引号/双引号的区别）：
[ { 'available': 'false',
'count': 0,
'id': '0394820934',
'obj': [ { 'fruit': 'mint',
'origin': 'brazil',
'record': 'false',
'seller': 'unknown'}]},
{ 'available': 'false',
'count': 0,
'id': '0239840394',
'obj': [ { 'fruit': 'grapes',
'origin': 'origin',
'record': 'false',
'seller': 'unknown'},
{'fruit': ' ', 'record': 'false'},
{ 'fruit': 'ARN',
'origin': 'destination',
'record': 'true',
'seller': 'unknown'},
{'fruit': ' no ', 'record': 'false'},
{ 'fruit': 'apple',
'origin': 'unknown',
'record': 'false',
'seller': 'walmart'}]},
{ 'available': 'false',
'count': 0,
'id': '0928293820982309',
'obj': [ { 'fruit': 'tomato',
'origin': 'COL',
'record': 'false',
'seller': 'unknown'},
{ 'fruit': 'Watermelon',
'origin': 'destination',
'record': 'false',
'seller': 'unknown'},
{'fruit': ' ', 'record': 'false'},
{ 'fruit': 'pear',
'origin': 'return_date',
'record': 'true',
'seller': 'walmart'}],
'updated': 0},
{ 'available': 'false',
'count': 0,
'id': '23423423',
'obj': [ { 'fruit': '10',
'origin': 'usa',
'record': 'false',
'seller': 'cotsco'}]},
{ 'available': 'false',
'count': 0,
'id': '230948',
'obj': [ {'fruit': ' ', 'record': 'false'},
{ 'fruit': 'pear',
'origin': 'adult_companion',
'record': 'true',
'seller': 'sears'},
{'fruit': 'apple', 'record': 'false'},
{ 'fruit': 'Watermelon',
'origin': 'Japan',
'record': 'true',
'seller': 'unknown'},
{'fruit': ' apple ', 'record': 'false'},
{ 'fruit': ' lemon ',
'origin': 'Canada',
'record': 'true',
'seller': 'unknown'},
{'fruit': ' the apple is good ', 'record': 'false'},
{ 'fruit': ' apple ',
'origin': 'COL',
'record': 'true',
'seller': 'sears'}]},
{ 'available': 'false',
'count': 0,
'id': '0394820934',
'obj': [ { 'fruit': 'mint',
'origin': 'brazil',
'record': 'false',
'seller': 'unknown'}]},
{ 'available': 'false',
'count': 0,
'id': '0239840394',
'obj': [ { 'fruit': 'grapes',
'origin': 'origin',
'record': 'false',
'seller': 'unknown'},
{'fruit': ' ', 'record': 'false'},
{ 'fruit': 'ARN',
'origin': 'destination',
'record': 'true',
'seller': 'unknown'},
{'fruit': ' no ', 'record': 'false'},
{ 'fruit': 'lemon',
'origin': 'unknown',
'record': 'false',
'seller': 'walmart'}]},
{ 'available': 'false',
'count': 0,
'id': '0928293820982309',
'obj': [ { 'fruit': 'tomato',
'origin': 'COL',
'record': 'false',
'seller': 'unknown'},
{ 'fruit': 'Watermelon',
'origin': 'destination',
'record': 'false',
'seller': 'unknown'},
{'fruit': ' ', 'record': 'false'},
{ 'fruit': 'pear',
'origin': 'return_date',
'record': 'true',
'seller': 'walmart'}],
'updated': 0},
{ 'available': 'false',
'count': 0,
'id': '23423423',
'obj': [ { 'fruit': '10',
'origin': 'usa',
'record': 'false',
'seller': 'cotsco'}]},
{ 'available': 'false',
'count': 0,
'id': '230948',
'obj': [ {'fruit': ' ', 'record': 'false'},
{ 'fruit': 'pear',
'origin': 'adult_companion',
'record': 'true',
'seller': 'sears'},
{'fruit': 'lemon', 'record': 'false'},
{ 'fruit': 'Watermelon',
'origin': 'Japan',
'record': 'true',
'seller': 'unknown'},
{'fruit': ' lemon ', 'record': 'false'},
{ 'fruit': ' lemon ',
'origin': 'Canada',
'record': 'true',
'seller': 'unknown'},
{'fruit': ' the lemon is good ', 'record': 'false'},
{ 'fruit': ' lemon ',
'origin': 'COL',
'record': 'true',
'seller': 'sears'}]}]