Question

我已经收到一封电子邮件，其中包含一个excel文件。

我会

我想使用python执行以下操作：

在提供用户名和密码后访问我的Gmail帐户
根据邮件主题搜索特定的电子邮件
从此邮件中将一个（或全部）附件下载到我选择的文件夹中

我已经看过一些指南，但是没有一个对我有用，我想知道是否存在一个特定的已知的第三方库来执行以下操作。

我使用了发现的以下脚本：

import email, getpass, imaplib, os

detach_dir = '.'  # directory where to save attachments (default: current)
user = input("Enter your GMail username:")
pwd = getpass.getpass("Enter your password: ")

# connecting to the gmail imap server
m = imaplib.IMAP4_SSL("imap.gmail.com")
m.login(user, pwd)
m.select("cs2043")  # here you a can choose a mail box like INBOX instead
# use m.list() to get all the mailboxes

resp, items = m.search(None,
                   "ALL")  # you could filter using the IMAP rules here 
(check http://www.example-code.com/csharp/imap-search-critera.asp)
items = items[0].split()  # getting the mails id

for emailid in items:
    resp, data = m.fetch(emailid,
                         "(RFC822)")  # fetching the mail, "`(RFC822)`" means 
"get the whole stuff", but you can ask for headers only, etc
    email_body = data[0][1]  # getting the mail content
   mail = email.message_from_string(email_body)  # parsing the mail content 
to get a mail object

    # Check if any attachments at all
    if mail.get_content_maintype() != 'multipart':
        continue

    print
    "[" + mail["From"] + "] :" + mail["Subject"]

    # we use walk to create a generator so we can iterate on the parts and 
forget about the recursive headach
    for part in mail.walk():
        # multipart are just containers, so we skip them
        if part.get_content_maintype() == 'multipart':
            continue

        # is this part an attachment ?
        if part.get('Content-Disposition') is None:
            continue

        # filename = part.get_filename()

        filename = mail["From"] + "_hw1answer"

        att_path = os.path.join(detach_dir, filename)

        # Check if its already there
        if not os.path.isfile(att_path):
            # finally write the stuff
            fp = open(att_path, 'wb')
            fp.write(part.get_payload(decode=True))
            fp.close()

此脚本的问题在于，一旦输入正确的密码，我就会收到：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "gmail_report_analysis.py", line 9, in <module>
    m.login(user, pwd)
  File "C:\Users\Amir\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\imaplib.py", 
line 593, in login
    raise self.error(dat[-1])
imaplib.error: b'[AUTHENTICATIONFAILED] Invalid credentials (Failure)'

Answer 1

您可以使用gmail的python API来自动执行对gmail帐户的操作。

在Google Developer Console上启用gmail api并下载credentials.json
安装python库-pip install --upgrade google-api-python-client oauth2client

创建您的python代码文件-

from __future__ import print_function
from googleapiclient.discovery import build
from httplib2 import Http
from oauth2client import file, client, tools

# If modifying these scopes, delete the file token.json.
SCOPES = 'https://www.googleapis.com/auth/gmail.readonly'

def main():
    """Shows basic usage of the Gmail API.
    Lists the user's Gmail labels.
    """
    # The file token.json stores the user's access and refresh tokens, and is
    # created automatically when the authorization flow completes for the first
    # time.
    store = file.Storage('token.json')
    creds = store.get()
    if not creds or creds.invalid:
        flow = client.flow_from_clientsecrets('credentials.json', SCOPES)
        creds = tools.run_flow(flow, store)
    service = build('gmail', 'v1', http=creds.authorize(Http()))

    # Call the Gmail API
    results = service.users().labels().list(userId='me').execute()
    labels = results.get('labels', [])

    if not labels:
        print('No labels found.')
    else:
        print('Labels:')
        for label in labels:
            print(label['name'])

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

以上代码仅用于登录您的gmail帐户并在gmail邮箱中拉标签。您还可以执行其他操作，例如搜索消息和下载附件。有关更多信息，请参阅here。

有没有一种简单的方法来访问我的Gmail帐户并从特定的电子邮件下载特定的excel文件附件？

1 个答案: