当前,我正在一个项目中,该项目需要从表中提取最新数据以用于报告。下面是示例表结构:-
每个学生都有几门课程,而program_id的编程语言为+ ve,非编程语言的课程ID为-ve。我想为每个学生提取最新的编程语言和非编程语言course_id。
我使用下面的SQL查询并能够提取数据。
CREATE TABLE COURSE ("STUDENT_ID" int, "COURSE_ID" int, "COURSE_NAME" varchar2(31), "COURSE_START_DATE" timestamp) ; INSERT ALL INTO COURSE ("STUDENT_ID", "COURSE_ID", "COURSE_NAME", "COURSE_START_DATE") VALUES (100001, -100, 'C Programming Language', '04-Feb-2019 12:00:00 AM') INTO COURSE ("STUDENT_ID", "COURSE_ID", "COURSE_NAME", "COURSE_START_DATE") VALUES (100001, -200, 'Java Programming Language', '11-Feb-2019 12:00:00 AM') INTO COURSE ("STUDENT_ID", "COURSE_ID", "COURSE_NAME", "COURSE_START_DATE") VALUES (100001, -300, 'C# Programming Language', '07-Feb-2019 12:00:00 AM') INTO COURSE ("STUDENT_ID", "COURSE_ID", "COURSE_NAME", "COURSE_START_DATE") VALUES (100001, 100, 'Data Structure and algorithms', '05-Feb-2019 12:00:00 AM') INTO COURSE ("STUDENT_ID", "COURSE_ID", "COURSE_NAME", "COURSE_START_DATE") VALUES (100001, 200, 'Computer Graphics', '13-Feb-2019 12:00:00 AM') INTO COURSE ("STUDENT_ID", "COURSE_ID", "COURSE_NAME", "COURSE_START_DATE") VALUES (100001, 300, 'Networking', '02-Feb-2019 12:00:00 AM') INTO COURSE ("STUDENT_ID", "COURSE_ID", "COURSE_NAME", "COURSE_START_DATE") VALUES (100002, -300, 'C# Programming Language', '12-Feb-2019 12:00:00 AM') INTO COURSE ("STUDENT_ID", "COURSE_ID", "COURSE_NAME", "COURSE_START_DATE") VALUES (100002, -400, 'Python Programming Language', '07-Feb-2019 12:00:00 AM') INTO COURSE ("STUDENT_ID", "COURSE_ID", "COURSE_NAME", "COURSE_START_DATE") VALUES (100002, -500, 'JavaScript Programming Language', '08-Feb-2019 12:00:00 AM') INTO COURSE ("STUDENT_ID", "COURSE_ID", "COURSE_NAME", "COURSE_START_DATE") VALUES (100002, 100, 'Data Structure and algorithms', '17-Jan-2019 12:00:00 AM') INTO COURSE ("STUDENT_ID", "COURSE_ID", "COURSE_NAME", "COURSE_START_DATE") VALUES (100002, 300, 'Computer Graphics', '26-Jan-2019 12:00:00 AM') INTO COURSE ("STUDENT_ID", "COURSE_ID", "COURSE_NAME", "COURSE_START_DATE") VALUES (100002, 400, 'DataBase Management', '10-Jan-2019 12:00:00 AM') INTO COURSE ("STUDENT_ID", "COURSE_ID", "COURSE_NAME", "COURSE_START_DATE") VALUES (100003, -500, 'JavaScript Programming Language', '07-Feb-2019 12:00:00 AM') INTO COURSE ("STUDENT_ID", "COURSE_ID", "COURSE_NAME", "COURSE_START_DATE") VALUES (100003, -600, 'SQL', '13-Feb-2019 12:00:00 AM') INTO COURSE ("STUDENT_ID", "COURSE_ID", "COURSE_NAME", "COURSE_START_DATE") VALUES (100003, -200, 'Java Programming Language', '17-Jan-2019 12:00:00 AM') INTO COURSE ("STUDENT_ID", "COURSE_ID", "COURSE_NAME", "COURSE_START_DATE") VALUES (100003, 300, 'Networking', '04-Feb-2019 12:00:00 AM') INTO COURSE ("STUDENT_ID", "COURSE_ID", "COURSE_NAME", "COURSE_START_DATE") VALUES (100003, 400, 'DataBase Management', '05-Jan-2019 12:00:00 AM') INTO COURSE ("STUDENT_ID", "COURSE_ID", "COURSE_NAME", "COURSE_START_DATE") VALUES (100003, 600, 'Cryptography', '18-Jan-2019 12:00:00 AM') SELECT * FROM dual ; SELECT STUDENT_ID ,COURSE_ID ,COURSE_NAME ,COURSE_START_DATE FROM ( SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY STUDENT_ID ORDER BY COURSE_START_DATE DESC) AS ROW_NUM ,STUDENT_ID ,COURSE_ID ,COURSE_NAME ,COURSE_START_DATE FROM COURSE WHERE COURSE_ID 0) TEMP1 WHERE TEMP1.ROW_NUM = 1;
但是问题是实际表非常大。几乎有85,000行,此查询需要花费一些时间。还有其他更好的方法吗?我正在使用Oracle 11g R2。请建议
这是SQLfiddle链接http://sqlfiddle.com/#!4/b3fe1/8
答案 0 :(得分:3)
您可以尝试以下操作-您需要在{cluase中添加<HasData> false</HasData> (notice the space)
$args = ['item2' => 'item2',
'item3' => 'value3'];
function function_name ($args) {
isset($args['item1']) ? $args['item1'] : 'default value';
}
答案 1 :(得分:0)
使用具有row_number的CTE,然后将其合并
with pro as
(
select t1.*, row_number() over(partition by student_id order by course_start_date desc) rn
from course
where course_id > 0 -- programming
)
, nonpro as
(
select t1.*, row_number() over(partition by student_id order by course_start_date desc) rn
from course
where course_id < 0 -- non-programming
)
select *
from pro
where rn = 1
union
select *
from nonpro
where rn = 1
答案 2 :(得分:0)
获得这些结果的另一种方法是使用NOT EXISTS
因为您想获取最近COURSE_START_DATE的记录
为学生。
那么对于该记录,将不存在日期更高的任何记录。
(除非有两个具有相同的最大日期,否则它将返回两个日期)
SELECT
STUDENT_ID,
COURSE_ID,
COURSE_NAME,
COURSE_START_DATE
FROM COURSE t
WHERE COURSE_ID != 0
AND NOT EXISTS
(
SELECT 1
FROM COURSE d
WHERE d.STUDENT_ID = t.STUDENT_ID
AND d.COURSE_START_DATE > t.COURSE_START_DATE
AND SIGN(d.COURSE_ID) = SIGN(t.COURSE_ID)
AND d.COURSE_ID != 0
)
ORDER BY SIGN(COURSE_ID), STUDENT_ID
这种查询可能会受益于STUDENT_ID上的非唯一索引。
对 db <>小提琴here
的测试顺便说一句,在Oracle 12c中,您可以按ROW_NUMBER进行排序,然后仅获取具有并列关系的第一个。
SELECT
STUDENT_ID,
COURSE_ID,
COURSE_NAME,
COURSE_START_DATE
FROM COURSE t
WHERE COURSE_ID != 0
ORDER BY row_number() over(partition by student_id, SIGN(COURSE_ID) order by course_start_date desc)
FETCH FIRST ROW WITH TIES
答案 3 :(得分:0)
您可以使用查询并将SIGN( course_id )
添加到分区:
查询:
SELECT STUDENT_ID
, COURSE_ID
, COURSE_NAME
, COURSE_START_DATE
FROM (
SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (
PARTITION BY STUDENT_ID, SIGN( COURSE_ID )
ORDER BY COURSE_START_DATE DESC
) AS ROW_NUM
, STUDENT_ID
, COURSE_ID
, COURSE_NAME
, COURSE_START_DATE
FROM COURSE
WHERE COURSE_ID != 0
)
WHERE ROW_NUM = 1;
输出:
STUDENT_ID | COURSE_ID | COURSE_NAME | COURSE_START_DATE ---------: | --------: | :------------------------ | :--------------------------- 100001 | -200 | Java Programming Language | 11-FEB-19 12.00.00.000000 AM 100001 | 200 | Computer Graphics | 13-FEB-19 12.00.00.000000 AM 100002 | -300 | C# Programming Language | 12-FEB-19 12.00.00.000000 AM 100002 | 300 | Computer Graphics | 26-JAN-19 12.00.00.000000 AM 100003 | -600 | SQL | 13-FEB-19 12.00.00.000000 AM 100003 | 300 | Networking | 04-FEB-19 12.00.00.000000 AM
db <>提琴here