我正在尝试使用Python请求以编程方式在页面上填写表格。
我写了一些代码来做到这一点:
#!/usr/bin/python
import requests
URL = 'https://www.acgov.org/ptax_pub_app/RealSearch.do'
payload = {
'displayApn': '1-123-1',
'showHistory': 'y',
}
s = requests.session()
r = s.post(URL, data=payload)
print r.status_code
print r.cookies
print r.text
但是,输出没有按预期输出。
返回的状态码为200
Cookie将以<RequestsCookieJar[]>
的形式打印
响应的文本具有html标头,但这只是一堆杂乱的javascript:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html><head>
<meta http-equiv="Pragma" content="no-cache"/>
<meta http-equiv="Expires" content="-1"/>
<meta http-equiv="CacheControl" content="no-cache"/>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="data:;base64,iVBORw0KGgo="/>
<script>
(function(){
window["bobcmn"] = "111110101010102000000022000000052000000012744f9810200000096300000021application/x-www-form-urlencoded300000000300000006/TSPD/300000008TSPD_101300000005https3000000b008ae96f08bab2000f746485dcaefc4a635c0beff477f241b9355c916986257756d516313dd184676085e51d6fb0a280088bb71708ecac997cbd3b91abf62403b987812f208f2d2cfcb59631333f545e4de4c55cc4d2f00b230000002ashowHistory%3dy%26displayApn%3d1%2d123%2d1200000000";
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</script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/TSPD/08ae96f08bab2000d96246327d838c6fa30bb9c4f41390f6fbd80de23adbed5ac22558a0c0007168?type=7"></script>
<noscript>Please enable JavaScript to view the page content.<br/>Your support ID is: 183979068942220394.</noscript>
</head><body>
</body></html>
那显然不是我想要的。我想获得在浏览器上手动提交表单时呈现的页面的内容。
经过浏览器检查后,当我手动发送表单时,以下请求标头被发布到服务器:
POST /ptax_pub_app/RealSearch.do HTTP/1.1
Host: www.acgov.org
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.13; rv:66.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/66.0
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
Referer: https://www.acgov.org/ptax_pub_app/RealSearch.do
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=---------------------------5784378851470632262085445332
Content-Length: 304
Connection: keep-alive
Cookie: TS744f9810_75=TS744f9810_rc=1&TS744f9810_id=2&TS744f9810_cr=08ae96f08bab280047871c302267d274621ba715eb672bba8c4e6326721d39c4e9275ba2573dd8ecb04e5fd2ed8b14de:08e8846af6032000365890ddfe7c40338b1c71881c3aa160e9b7511f898e727042a17ecd4e549128&TS744f9810_ef=&TS744f9810_pg=0&TS744f9810_ct=application/x-www-form-urlencoded&TS744f9810_bg=08ae96f08bab20007ed7e7334af2c3a0ddc2a737a8f76402a06229c2abec9c180de6732a86a9648608ba63d37c0a28007e212e36225cb10a4cd776ce268b7178b1d33e9bc0271ac4819eb499a739f93571208168c1d71d9c&TS744f9810_rf=https%3a%2f%2fwww.acgov.org%2fptax_pub_app%2fRealSearchInit.do%3fshowSearchParmsFromLookup%3dtrue; _ga=GA1.2.1302812812.1549499581; TSPD_101=08ae96f08bab280047871c302267d274621ba715eb672bba8c4e6326721d39c4e9275ba2573dd8ecb04e5fd2ed8b14de:; JSESSIONID=0000Im6xKN_53mKz4Iw5KNO5gR0:16hgu6tbb; TS01ed31ee=0129191c7e5fb1688bfcca5087fec2a194712c77706b9ba0027f29d8162a79cfc6c4aefe2136c8ca6d34cd2a1622154e5765f831e0e88ce369724f44b0e9f3ebe5c827a6011131434eedec5e04b97f4977a6091f7d; TS01ed31ee_77=08ae96f08bab2800dd88029ca6fb0fa267ec2a5e40e37cef6351b9876c3e34f6bb42cae44bc0afadbb819ab098f6e9b408de561ace82400034a3a6b4be45a224cb4595200fc21d5c6f05b9f72090ad9bf8cf1db9cef92af4944728ce98cc9906ca77cf3a81dbe502fadd7ae968c030f5b7e5f37a743d021e; ASP.NET_SessionId=db12w03jxf5pelnstiyf35jh; _gid=GA1.2.879815811.1551480793
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
Pragma: no-cache
Cache-Control: no-cache
我怀疑我的代码是否正在发送所有这些标头。我什至不知道其中一些是什么意思或如何在脚本中复制它们。有任何想法吗?
答案 0 :(得分:7)
发布请求时,您只是缺少站点正在寻找的单个元素;当您实际使用intended form page时,该表单会包含一个提交按钮:
<input type="submit" name="searchBills" tabindex="9" value="Search" class="btcommon">
您需要在POST数据中包含该按钮,因为该字段是网站用来检测您进行实际搜索的字段:
payload = {
'displayApn': '1-123-1',
'showHistory': 'y',
'searchBills': 'Search',
}
添加了该内容后,返回的页面将包含寻找的搜索结果:
>>> import requests
>>> from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
>>> URL = 'https://www.acgov.org/ptax_pub_app/RealSearch.do'
>>> payload = {
... 'displayApn': '1-123-1',
... 'showHistory': 'y',
... 'searchBills': 'Search',
... }
>>> response = requests.post(URL, data=payload)
>>> soup = BeautifulSoup(response.content, 'lxml')
>>> for row in soup.select('#pplresultcontent3 tr'):
... text = row.get_text(': ', strip=True)
... if text: print(text)
...
Property Summary
APN: 1-123-1
Property Address: 424 M L KING JR WAY, OAKLAND 94607-3536
>>> for row in soup.select('#pplresultcontent4 tr'):
... text = row.get_text(' | ', strip=True)
... if text: print(text)
...
Tax Type | Bill Year | Tracer | Total Amount | Options
Installment | Due Date | Installment Amount | Status/Status Date
Secured | 2018-2019 | 01009500 | $8,773.64 | View Bill | Pay Bill
1st Installment | 12/10/2018 | $4,386.82 | Paid Oct 31, 2018
2nd Installment | 04/10/2019 | $4,386.82
不包含历史记录(pplresultcontent5
表,直到您为Y
选项使用 capital showHistory
:
>>> payload['showHistory'] = 'Y'
>>> response = requests.post(URL, data=payload)
>>> soup = BeautifulSoup(response.content, 'lxml')
>>> for row in soup.select('#pplresultcontent5 tr'):
... text = row.get_text(' | ', strip=True)
... if text: print(text)
...
Tax Type | Bill Year | Tracer | Total Amount | Options
Installment | Due Date | Installment Amount | Status/Status Date
Secured | 2017-2018 | 01009500 | $8,303.42 | View Bill
1st Installment | 12/10/2017 | $4,151.71 | Paid Dec 8, 2017
2nd Installment | 04/10/2018 | $4,151.71 | Paid Apr 6, 2018
Secured | 2016-2017 | 01009500 | $7,983.02 | View Bill
1st Installment | 12/10/2016 | $3,991.51 | Paid Dec 8, 2016
2nd Installment | 04/10/2017 | $3,991.51 | Paid Mar 30, 2017
Secured | 2015-2016 | 01009400 | $7,864.14 | View Bill
1st Installment | 12/10/2015 | $3,932.07 | Paid Dec 9, 2015
2nd Installment | 04/10/2016 | $3,932.07 | Paid Apr 8, 2016
Secured | 2014-2015 | 01009400 | $7,691.52 | View Bill
1st Installment | 12/10/2014 | $3,845.76 | Paid Dec 10, 2014
2nd Installment | 04/10/2015 | $3,845.76 | Paid Apr 7, 2015
Secured | 2013-2014 | 01009400 | $7,655.08 | View Bill
1st Installment | 12/10/2013 | $3,827.54 | Paid Dec 4, 2013
2nd Installment | 04/10/2014 | $3,827.54 | Paid Apr 9, 2014
Secured | 2012-2013 | 01009400 | $6,102.96 | View Bill
1st Installment | 12/10/2012 | $3,051.48 | Paid Dec 7, 2012
2nd Installment | 04/10/2013 | $3,051.48 | Paid Apr 8, 2013
Secured | 2011-2012 | 01009400 | $6,213.30 | View Bill
1st Installment | 12/10/2011 | $3,106.65 | Paid Dec 9, 2011
2nd Installment | 04/10/2012 | $3,106.65 | Paid Apr 10, 2012
Secured | 2010-2011 | 01069800 | $5,660.56 | View Bill
1st Installment | 12/10/2010 | $2,830.28 | Paid Dec 9, 2010
2nd Installment | 04/10/2011 | $2,830.28 | Paid Apr 10, 2011
Secured | 2009-2010 | 01070300 | $5,917.10 | View Bill
1st Installment | 12/10/2009 | $2,958.55 | Paid Dec 10, 2009
2nd Installment | 04/10/2010 | $2,958.55 | Paid Apr 10, 2010
Secured | 2008-2009 | 01070300 | $5,547.66 | View Bill
1st Installment | 12/10/2008 | $2,773.83 | Paid Dec 10, 2008
2nd Installment | 04/10/2009 | $2,773.83 | Paid Apr 10, 2009
Secured | 2007-2008 | 01069100 | $5,423.06 | View Bill
1st Installment | 12/10/2007 | $2,711.53 | Paid Dec 10, 2007
2nd Installment | 04/10/2008 | $2,711.53 | Paid Apr 10, 2008
Secured | 2006-2007 | 01069000 | $5,387.94 | View Bill
1st Installment | 12/10/2006 | $2,693.97 | Paid Dec 10, 2006
2nd Installment | 04/10/2007 | $2,693.97 | Paid Apr 10, 2007
Secured | 2005-2006 | 01069100 | $5,243.04 | View Bill
1st Installment | 12/10/2005 | $2,621.52 | Paid Dec 9, 2005
2nd Installment | 04/10/2006 | $2,621.52 | Paid Apr 10, 2006
Secured | 2004-2005 | 01068900 | $4,855.00 | View Bill
1st Installment | $2,427.50 | Paid Dec 10, 2004
2nd Installment | $2,427.50 | Paid Apr 10, 2005
答案 1 :(得分:-2)
您需要将有效载荷作为多部分表单数据进行POST,例如,您可以添加Referer标头来告诉服务器请求来自表单。最重要的部分是您需要添加 cookies 。它们包含ASP.net sessionid和jsessionid,以及很多东西。使用python请求执行此操作可能会变得非常复杂。
如果将其委托给浏览器,可能会得到更好的结果,浏览器可以处理javascript,cookie和标头-由硒自动执行。