向量C ++中元素的总和

时间:2019-03-02 11:24:31

标签: c++ loops vector iterator sum

我正在尝试计算向量中所有浮点数的总和。用户输入是向量和浮点数中元素的数量。由于某种原因,总和打印为3.01734 ...

代码:

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    float n, temp, sum;              // integer variables declaration
    vector<float> nums;             // declaration of "nums" vector
    cin>>n;                        // number of elements in the vector "nums"

    for(int i=0; i<n; i++){      
        cin >> temp;            // user input for "temp" variable
        nums.push_back(temp);  // adds(pushes) "temp" to "nums" vectors
    }                         

    for(int j=0; j<(short)nums.size(); j++){ 
        sum+=nums.at(j);   // adds the "j" element of "nums" vetor to sum
    }                   

    cout << sum;        // outputs the sum

    return 0;
}
  

编辑:   该代码不起作用,因为未对“ sum”进行初始化。我们需要手动将“ sum”初始化为0.0,否则,它将存储内存“垃圾”;如果将其设置为0,它将“ sum”(这是一个浮点数)四舍五入为整数(整数) 。

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

当您不初始化变量时,它们以“垃圾”值开始,该值一直在其内存地址中。因此,当您遍历向量并每次将其增加每个值时,实际上您已经从开始时的随机数开始计数,而不是从0开始计数。这是(未经测试的)方法:

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    float n = 0, temp = 0, sum = 0; // initialized variables as 0.
    vector<float> nums;
    cin >> n;

    for(int i=0; i<n; i++){
        cin >> temp;
        nums.push_back(temp);
    }

    nums.resize(n); // to be honest I don't really understand why this is needed

    // note: you can use the letter i again, when you declare a variable inside a scope, 
    // it's only declared for that scope.
    for(int j=0; j<(short)nums.size(); j++){
        sum+=nums.at(j);
    }

    cout << sum;

    return 0;
}
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