应用关闭后,Android服务无法正常运行

时间:2019-03-05 15:46:35

标签: java android service background-service foreground-service

我想要一个后台服务,该后台服务在应用程序关闭后将保持活动状态,并且可以在启动应用程序时再次绑定。

为了进行测试,我确定每次绑定到该服务时计数器都会增加。


因此,从理论上讲,应用程序应该启动,我将创建服务,然后将其绑定->计数器应向上移动。

然后我关闭该应用程序并再次按Bind按钮,它应该记录为“ 1”并再次向上移动计数器。

但这不是... 每次我重新启动应用并绑定到该应用时,它将显示为0 ...


这是我当前的测试-服务-类:

package com.programm.testapp;

import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.util.Log;

public class TestService extends Service {

    /*
     * Service Binder
     */
    private final IBinder iBinder = new TestService.LocalConnectionService();

    public class LocalConnectionService extends Binder {
        public TestService getService(){
            return TestService.this;
        }
    }

    /*
     * Test var
     * It should increase every time the app is started.
     */
    private int test;

    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        Log.d("mDEBUG", "Test: " + test);
        test++;

        return iBinder;
    }

    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
        Log.d("mDEBUG", "Service: Start Command");

        return START_STICKY;
    }
}

这是我当前的测试-活动:

package com.programm.testapp;

import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private TestService service;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        Button createButton = findViewById(R.id.button_create_service);
        createButton.setOnClickListener(this::createService);

        Button destroyButton = findViewById(R.id.button_destroy_service);
        destroyButton.setOnClickListener(this::destroyService);



        Button bindButton = findViewById(R.id.button_bind_service);
        bindButton.setOnClickListener(this::bindService);

        Button unbindButton = findViewById(R.id.button_unbind_service);
        unbindButton.setOnClickListener(this::unbindService);


    }

    private void createService(View v){
        Intent intent = new Intent(this.getBaseContext(), TestService.class);
        startService(intent);
    }

    private void destroyService(View v){
        Intent intent = new Intent(this.getBaseContext(), TestService.class);
        stopService(intent);
    }

    private void bindService(View v){
        Intent intent = new Intent(this.getBaseContext(), TestService.class);
        bindService(intent, serviceConnection, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
    }

    private void unbindService(View v){
        unbindService(serviceConnection);
    }


    private ServiceConnection serviceConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
        @Override
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
            Log.d("mDEBUG", "Connection: on service connected");

            MainActivity.this.service = ((TestService.LocalConnectionService) service).getService();
        }

        @Override
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
            Log.d("mDEBUG", "Connection: on service disconnected");
        }
    };
}

这是我的AndroidManifest.xml-文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.programm.testapp">

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

        <service
            android:name=".TestService"
            android:enabled="true"
            android:exported="false"></service>
    </application>
</manifest>

这是我...之后的输出

  1. 按下创建服务-按钮
  2. 按下绑定服务-按钮
  3. 按下取消绑定服务-按钮
  4. 关闭应用程序并重新启动
  5. 按下绑定服务-按钮

.../com.programm.testapp D/mDEBUG: Service: Start Command
.../com.programm.testapp D/mDEBUG: Test: 0
.../com.programm.testapp D/mDEBUG: Connection: on service connected
.../com.programm.testapp D/mDEBUG: Service: Start Command
.../com.programm.testapp D/mDEBUG: Test: 0
.../com.programm.testapp D/mDEBUG: Connection: on service connected

在我关闭应用程序时,通过第二个“服务:启动命令”的方式...在我注意到一些新日志之后,还将调用Service-类的Constructor和“ onCreate”方法

这正常吗?


编辑:

当我仅最小化该应用程序而不通过“活动-菜单”关闭它时,行为正是我想要的!!


编辑2:

前台服务现在可以做... 我找不到其他解决方案

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

如果您主动关闭该应用程序(通过从Android活动列表中将其关闭),则Android很可能会终止您的服务。您可以在应用程序Logcat中看到它。解决这一问题的唯一真正方法是前台服务。

此外,每次绑定到服务时,将不会调用onBind。从Android documentation

  

您可以同时将多个客户端连接到服务。但是,系统缓存IBinder服务通信通道。换句话说,仅当第一个客户端绑定时,系统才调用服务的onBind()方法来生成IBinder。然后,系统将相同的IBinder提供给绑定到该服务的所有其他客户端,而无需再次调用onBind()。

第二,仅调用onStartCommand并不意味着将重新创建服务。在使用寿命期间可以多次调用它。例如,每次调用startService时,都会执行onStartCommand,但是不一定必须重新创建服务。

此外,看起来您在关闭活动时未取消绑定服务。这会使您的活动泄漏ServiceConnection并导致应用程序崩溃。它将解释为什么每次关闭并重新启动应用程序后都会看到重新创建该服务的原因。

尝试在活动的onPause方法中添加取消绑定:

@Override
void onPause() {
    super.onPause()
    unbindService(this.serviceConnectino)
}

有效的配置如下所示。它使用专用服务功能而不是onBind实现计数器的递增:

MyBoundService.kt

package com.test

import android.app.Service
import android.content.Intent
import android.os.Binder
import android.os.IBinder
import android.util.Log

class MyBoundService : Service() {

    abstract class MyBinder: Binder() {
        abstract fun getService(): MyBoundService
    }

    val iBinder: MyBinder = object: MyBinder() {
        override fun getService(): MyBoundService {
            return this@MyBoundService
        }
    }

    private var counter = 0

    fun increment() {
        counter ++
        Log.i("MyBoundService", "Counter: ${counter}")
    }

    override fun onStartCommand(intent: Intent?, flags: Int, startId: Int): Int {
        Log.i("MyBoundService", "startCommand");
        return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId)
    }

    override fun onBind(p0: Intent?): IBinder? {
        counter++
        Log.i("MyBoundService", "Bound: ${counter}")
        return iBinder
    }

    override fun onUnbind(intent: Intent?): Boolean {
        Log.i("MyBoundService", "Unbound")
        return super.onUnbind(intent)
    }
}

MainActivity.kt

package com.test

import android.content.Intent
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity
import android.os.Bundle
import kotlinx.android.synthetic.main.activity_main.*
import android.content.ComponentName
import android.content.Context
import android.content.ServiceConnection
import android.os.IBinder
import android.util.Log
import com.test.MyBoundService

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {


    private val serviceConnection: ServiceConnection = object: ServiceConnection {
        override fun onServiceDisconnected(p0: ComponentName?) {
            Log.i("MainActivity", "Service disconnected")
        }

        override fun onServiceConnected(p0: ComponentName?, p1: IBinder?) {
            Log.i("MainActivity", "Service connected")
            p1?.let {
                (p1 as MyBoundService.MyBinder).getService().increment()
            }
        }

    }

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)

        btn_create.setOnClickListener {
            val i = Intent(this@MainActivity, MyBoundService::class.java)
            startService(i)
        }

        btn_bind.setOnClickListener {
            val i = Intent(this@MainActivity, MyBoundService::class.java)
            bindService(i, serviceConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE)
        }
    }

    override fun onPause() {
        super.onPause()
        unbindService(serviceConnection)
    }
}
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