无法从python中的“ if”获得所需结果

时间:2019-03-23 06:28:22

标签: python

我有一个任务,可以简单地以日历格式打印日期。除了用户在输入中输入一些字母(字符串)时,所有操作都已完成,控制台给出了一条错误声明,表明我已经在if语句中包含了代码。

这是我在控制台中遇到的错误:

Please enter the number/name of the month (in any case/form)
you want the program to display calendar of:    jan
Traceback (most recent call last):

  File "<ipython-input-16-8ac5bd6555cd>", line 1, in <module>
    runfile('D:/Studies & Learnings/Programming/Python/Calendar.py', wdir='D:/Studies & Learnings/Programming/Python')

  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\spyderlib\widgets\externalshell\sitecustomize.py", line 685, in runfile
    execfile(filename, namespace)

  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\spyderlib\widgets\externalshell\sitecustomize.py", line 71, in execfile
    exec(compile(scripttext, filename, 'exec'), glob, loc)

  File "D:/Studies & Learnings/Programming/Python/Calendar.py", line 3, in <module>
    month = input("\nPlease enter the number/name of the month (in any case/form)\nyou want the program to display calendar of:\t")

  File "C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\IPython\kernel\zmq\ipkernel.py", line 364, in <lambda>
    input = lambda prompt='': eval(raw_input(prompt))

  File "<string>", line 1, in <module>

NameError: name 'jan' is not defined

我刚刚开始学习python。这是我在python中的第一个代码。因此,如果我做错了明显的事情,请告诉我,而不是将我的问题评为“负值”

谢谢大家...

month = input("\nPlease enter the number/name of the month (in any case/form)\nyou want the program to display calendar of:\t")

month = str(month)

if(month == "1" or month == "jan" or month == "Jan" or month == "january" or month == "January"):

    monthNumber = 1
    monthName = "January"

elif(month == "2" or month == "feb" or month == "Feb" or month == "february" or month == "Februrary"):

    monthNumber = 2    
    monthName = "February"

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

您不必使用month = string(month),因为输入仅是字符串形式。删除该行,代码应该可以工作

答案 1 :(得分:0)

在Python 2中,input()函数由于当时必须合理的原因tries to evaluate what's typed as a Python expression。因此,当您在jan提示符下键入input()时,它将尝试查找变量jan。在这种情况下(或几乎所有其他*),这不是您想要的;您应该改用raw_input()

请注意,在2020年之后将成为唯一受支持的版本的Python 3中,Python 2的input()函数被删除,而raw_input()函数被重命名为input()


*看来,当您想要一个数字时,input()是有意义的;当用户在2提示符下键入input()时,将得到int,而不是str。但是,任何时候运行eval都会遇到巨大的安全性问题,因此input()仍然应该使用int(raw_input())