Question

我正在学习Django，并试图构建一个根据URL中给定的参数返回对象的端点。

目前，我有以下URL：

/api/v1/作为根，返回：

GET /api/v1/

HTTP 200 OK
Allow: GET, HEAD, OPTIONS
Content-Type: application/json
Vary: Accept

{
    "device-groups": "http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/device-groups/"
}

/api/v1/device-groups/返回所有设备组：

HTTP 200 OK
Allow: GET, POST, HEAD, OPTIONS
Content-Type: application/json
Vary: Accept

[
    {
        "device_group_name": "Default",
        "group_uuid": "7465febe-7c46-4420-85a1-73dfe0af812c",
        "color": "4286f4",
        "is_default": true,
        "customer": {
            "customer_name": "Customer1",
            "customer_uuid": "b3eb5d7d-d1a8-4997-a65b-28bed71b7cc6"
        }
    },
    {
        "device_group_name": "Default",
        "group_uuid": "e12d02d0-7916-477e-b318-9680a38617db",
        "color": "4286f4",
        "is_default": true,
        "customer": {
            "customer_name": "Another customer",
            "customer_uuid": "5b5dafab-c311-4f58-80f5-c50d77fcf8a5"
        }
    },
    {
        "device_group_name": "group of customer1",
        "group_uuid": "c72e87b1-e7c8-4dcd-a9c7-4f6a016d7676",
        "color": "#ffffff",
        "is_default": false,
        "customer": {
            "customer_name": "Customer1",
            "customer_uuid": "b3eb5d7d-d1a8-4997-a65b-28bed71b7cc6"
        }
    }
]

我想要一个/api/v1/device-groups/<customer_uuid>/之类的端点，该端点返回与给定的customer_uuid相关的设备组。

我的serializers.py：

class CustomerSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Customer
        fields = ('customer_name', 'customer_uuid')


class DeviceGroupSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    customer = CustomerSerializer(many=False, read_only=True)

    class Meta:
        model = DeviceGroup
        fields = ('device_group_name', 'group_uuid', 'color', 'is_default', 'customer')

我的views.py：

class DeviceGroupViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    serializer_class = DeviceGroupSerializer
    queryset = DeviceGroup.objects.all()

我的urls.py：

router = routers.DefaultRouter()
router.register(r'device-groups', views.DeviceGroupViewSet)


urlpatterns = [
   path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
   path('api/v1/', include(router.urls)),
]

我尝试像这样覆盖get_queryset：

def get_queryset(self):
    customer = self.request.GET['customer']
    queryset = DeviceGroup.objects.filter(customer=customer)
    return queryset

但是它导致：AssertionError: basename argument not specified, and could not automatically determine the name from the viewset, as it does not have a .queryset attribute.

要获得一个/api/v1/device-groups/<customer_uuid>/端点，该端点仅显示与给定的customer_uuid相关的设备组，我需要更改什么？

编辑

Internal Server Error: /api/v1/device-groups/
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\Stevy\PycharmProjects\tapartisan-api\env\lib\site- 
packages\django\utils\datastructures.py", line 77, in __getitem__
list_ = super().__getitem__(key)
KeyError: 'customer'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\Stevy\PycharmProjects\tapartisan-api\env\lib\site- 
packages\django\core\handlers\exception.py", line 34, in inner
response = get_response(request)
File "C:\Users\Stevy\PycharmProjects\tapartisan-api\env\lib\site- 
packages\django\core\handlers\base.py", line 126, in _get_response
response = self.process_exception_by_middleware(e, request)
File "C:\Users\Stevy\PycharmProjects\tapartisan-api\env\lib\site- 
packages\django\core\handlers\base.py", line 124, in _get_response
response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
File "C:\Users\Stevy\PycharmProjects\tapartisan-api\env\lib\site- 
packages\django\views\decorators\csrf.py", line 54, in wrapped_view
return view_func(*args, **kwargs)
File "C:\Users\Stevy\PycharmProjects\tapartisan-api\env\lib\site- 
packages\rest_framework\viewsets.py", line 116, in view
return self.dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
File "C:\Users\Stevy\PycharmProjects\tapartisan-api\env\lib\site- 
packages\rest_framework\views.py", line 495, in dispatch
response = self.handle_exception(exc)
File "C:\Users\Stevy\PycharmProjects\tapartisan-api\env\lib\site- 
packages\rest_framework\views.py", line 455, in handle_exception
self.raise_uncaught_exception(exc)
File "C:\Users\Stevy\PycharmProjects\tapartisan-api\env\lib\site- 
packages\rest_framework\views.py", line 492, in dispatch
response = handler(request, *args, **kwargs)
File "C:\Users\Stevy\PycharmProjects\tapartisan-api\env\lib\site- 
packages\rest_framework\mixins.py", line 40, in list
queryset = self.filter_queryset(self.get_queryset())
File "C:\Users\Stevy\PycharmProjects\tapartisan-api\app\core\views.py", line 
13, in get_queryset
customer = self.request.GET['customer']
File "C:\Users\Stevy\PycharmProjects\tapartisan-api\env\lib\site- 
packages\django\utils\datastructures.py", line 79, in __getitem__
raise MultiValueDictKeyError(key)
django.utils.datastructures.MultiValueDictKeyError: 'customer'`

Answer 1

路由器无法确定basename。您必须在路由器中定义一个basename。像这样

router.register(r'device-groups', views.DeviceGroupViewSet, base_name='device-groups')

base_name实际上用于生成路由/ URL的名称。您可以详细了解here。

Answer 2

我不熟悉DRF，但总的来说，为了基于参数获取对象，您必须：

1）定义URL时要记住要在构建端点时动态键入的customer_uuid 因此，在正则表达式的帮助下，您必须构建以下内容：

url(r'^/api/v1/device-groups/(?P<customer_uuid>\d+)/$', views.your_view, name='your_view')

正则表达式\ d +将匹配任意大小的整数。该整数将用于从数据库中检索客户。现在观察一下，我将正则表达式写为（？P \ d +），这是在告诉Django将值捕获到名为customer_uuid的关键字参数中。

2）定义视图功能

from django.shortcuts import render, get_object_or_404
from .models import Customer

def your_view(request, customer_uuid):
    customer = get_object_or_404(Customer, pk=customer_uuid)
    return render(request, 'customer.html', {'customer': customer})

希望有帮助

Answer 3

如果在视图中定义不同的lookup_field，您应该得到想要的东西：

class DeviceGroupViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    serializer_class = DeviceGroupSerializer
    queryset = DeviceGroup.objects.all()
    lookup_field = 'customer_uuid'

或者也许您想看看这个documentation来考虑另一种方法。

DRF：方法GET基于参数

3 个答案: