Question

我的模型无法正确绑定我的视图，因此我需要一些帮助才能朝着正确的方向前进。

我正在处理“事故”，事故具有一些属性，例如年份，碰撞类型等，但是在我的模型中，事故也有一个伤害列表，并且每一个都是从下拉列表中选择的（用户从几乎100种可能的伤害列表中进行选择）。

从某种意义上讲，我们可以说我的模型中有一个“下拉列表”（显然不是下拉列表，但是我这样称呼它，这样您就知道我的问题从哪里开始了，那就是建模“列表列表”）。

这是我的“共享视图”文件夹中的_InjuriesSelect模板：

@model xxx.Models.AccidentViewModel

<div class="col-12 form-group text-dark mx-auto my-auto pb-2">
    <div class="container" style="padding-left:0;">
        <div class="row">
            <div class="col">
                @*@Html.DropDownListFor(model => model.Accident.Injuries, Model.Injuries, Model.SelectInjuryText, new { @class = "form-control", @style = "width: 300px;", onchange = @"" })*@
                @Html.DropDownList("selectInjuries_1", Model.InjuriesSelect, Model.SelectInjuryText, new { @class = "form-control", @style = "width: 300px;", onchange = @"" })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Accident.Injuries, "", new { @class = "text-danger font-weight-bold" })
            </div>
            <div class="col">
                <a id="removeInjury_1" href="javascript: void(0);" style="text-decoration: none; visibility: hidden;" onclick="javascript: removeInjury(this);">
                    <i class="fa fa-minus text-danger pr-3" aria-hidden="true"></i>
                </a>
                <a id="addInjury_1" href="javascript: void(0);" style="text-decoration: none; visibility: hidden;" onclick="javascript: addInjury(this);">
                    <i class="fa fa-plus text-success" aria-hidden="true"></i>
                </a>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

我允许用户通过以下方式添加（或删除）下拉菜单，以使用javascript添加/删除伤害：

function addInjury() {

    $.post("/Home/LoadInjurySelect", $("form").serialize(), function (data) {
        lastInjuryIndex++;

        //add holder for new injury
        var newInjurydivId = "divInjuries_" + lastInjuryIndex;
        var newInjuryDivHtml = "<div id='" + newInjurydivId + "'>";
        newInjuryDivHtml += data.replace(/_1/g, "_" + lastInjuryIndex);
        newInjuryDivHtml += "</div>";

        $("#divInjuries").append(newInjuryDivHtml);

        //hide "add injury" from previous injury
        $("#addInjury_" + (lastInjuryIndex - 1).toString()).css("visibility", "hidden");

        $("#selectInjuries_" + lastInjuryIndex).change(function () {
            var selectedInjury = $('#selectInjuries_' + lastInjuryIndex + ' option:selected').val();
            $("#addInjury_" + lastInjuryIndex).css("visibility", selectedInjury != "" ? "visible" : "hidden")
            //
            setInjuryInModel(selectedInjury);
        });


        setRemoveInjury1Visibility();
        setRemoveInjuryNVisibility(lastInjuryIndex);
    });
}

此javascript调用控制器并以这种方式返回部分视图：

[HttpPost]
public ActionResult LoadInjurySelect(AccidentViewModel model)
{
    model = fillViewModelLists(model);
    return PartialView("~/Views/Shared/_InjuriesSelect.cshtml", model);
}

此方法返回部分视图，但首先填充用于填充下拉列表的所有视图模型IEnumerable Lists（如果不是，则它们会以jQuery形式丢失。序列化时，serialize不包括列表）。

我的事故模型如下：

using xxx.App_GlobalResources;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;

namespace xxx.Models
{
    public class Accident
    {
        //Person information

        [Display(Name = "home_accident_personname", ResourceType = typeof(languages))]
        //[Required(ErrorMessageResourceType = typeof(App_GlobalResources.languages), ErrorMessageResourceName = "home_accident_mustenterpersonname")]
        public string PersonName { get; set; }

        [Display(Name = "home_accident_personage", ResourceType = typeof(languages))]
        [Required(ErrorMessageResourceType = typeof(languages), ErrorMessageResourceName = "home_accident_agenotvalid")]
        public short PersonAge { get; set; }

        [Display(Name = "home_accident_personcondition", ResourceType = typeof(languages))]
        [Required(ErrorMessageResourceType = typeof(languages), ErrorMessageResourceName = "home_accident_conditionnotvalid")]
        public byte PersonCondition { get; set; }

        [Display(Name = "home_accident_personemail", ResourceType = typeof(languages))]
        //[Required(ErrorMessageResourceType = typeof(App_GlobalResources.languages), ErrorMessageResourceName = "home_accident_mustenterpersonemail")]
        [DataType(DataType.EmailAddress)]
        [EmailAddress]
        public string PersonEmail { get; set; }

        //Accident information

        [Display(Name = "home_accident_year", ResourceType = typeof(languages))]
        [Required(ErrorMessageResourceType = typeof(languages), ErrorMessageResourceName = "home_accident_yearnotvalid")]
        [Range(2016, 2019)]
        public short Year { get; set; }        

        [Display(Name = "home_accident_collisiontype", ResourceType = typeof(languages))]
        [Required(ErrorMessageResourceType = typeof(languages), ErrorMessageResourceName = "home_accident_collisiontypenotvalid")]
        public byte CollisionType { get; set; }

        [Display(Name = "home_accident_hospitalleave", ResourceType = typeof(languages))]
        [Range(0, int.MaxValue, ErrorMessageResourceType = typeof(languages), ErrorMessageResourceName = "home_accident_medicalleavenotvalid")]
        public short HospitalLeaveDays { get; set; }

        [Display(Name = "home_accident_workleave", ResourceType = typeof(languages))]
        [Range(0, int.MaxValue, ErrorMessageResourceType = typeof(languages), ErrorMessageResourceName = "home_accident_medicalleavenotvalid")]
        public short WorkLeaveDays { get; set; }

        [Display(Name = "home_accident_rehabilitationdays", ResourceType = typeof(languages))]
        [Range(0, int.MaxValue, ErrorMessageResourceType = typeof(languages), ErrorMessageResourceName = "home_accident_medicalleavenotvalid")]
        public short RehabilitationDays { get; set; }

        [Display(Name = "home_accident_injuries", ResourceType = typeof(languages))]
        public List<Injury> Injuries { get; set; }

        //Compensation

        public Compensation Compensation { get; set; }
    }
}

我的AccidentViewModel看起来像这样（由于可能的大量伤害而相当长）：

using xxx.App_GlobalResources;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using System.Linq;

namespace xxx.Models
{
    public class AccidentViewModel
    {
        public Accident Accident { get; set; }

        public string SelectInjuryText { get { return languages.home_accident_selectinjury; } }

        /* VIEWMODEL LISTS / METHODS*/

        public IEnumerable<SelectListItem> Years { get; set; }

        public static IEnumerable<SelectListItem> fillYearsList()
        {
            List<SelectListItem> listItems = new List<SelectListItem>();
            int y = DateTime.Now.Year;
            for (int i = y; i >= y - 3; i--)
            {
                listItems.Add(new SelectListItem
                {
                    Text = i.ToString(),
                    Value = i.ToString()
                });
            }

            return listItems;
        }

        public IEnumerable<SelectListItem> Ages { get; set; }

        public static IEnumerable<SelectListItem> fillAgesList()
        {
            List<SelectListItem> listItems = new List<SelectListItem>();
            listItems.Add(new SelectListItem { Text = "", Value = "" });
            listItems.Add(new SelectListItem { Text = "0-16", Value = "900" });
            listItems.Add(new SelectListItem { Text = "16-25", Value = "850" });
            listItems.Add(new SelectListItem { Text = "25-35", Value = "800" });
            listItems.Add(new SelectListItem { Text = "35-45", Value = "750" });
            listItems.Add(new SelectListItem { Text = "45-65", Value = "700" });
            listItems.Add(new SelectListItem { Text = "65+", Value = "650" });

            return listItems;
        }

        public IEnumerable<SelectListItem> Conditions { get; set; }

        public static IEnumerable<SelectListItem> fillConditionsList()
        {
            List<SelectListItem> listItems = new List<SelectListItem>();
            listItems.Add(new SelectListItem { Text = "", Value = "" });
            listItems.Add(new SelectListItem { Text = languages.home_accident_condition_driver, Value = "1" });
            listItems.Add(new SelectListItem { Text = languages.home_accident_condition_companion, Value = Helpers.Utils.getFromWebConfig("successPercentageCompanion") });
            listItems.Add(new SelectListItem { Text = languages.home_accident_condition_pedestrian, Value = Helpers.Utils.getFromWebConfig("successPercentagePedestrian") });

            return listItems;
        }

        public IEnumerable<SelectListItem> Collisions { get; set; }

        public static IEnumerable<SelectListItem> fillCollisionsList()
        {
            List<SelectListItem> listItems = new List<SelectListItem>();
            listItems.Add(new SelectListItem { Text = "", Value = "" });
            listItems.Add(new SelectListItem { Text = languages.home_accident_collisionfront, Value = Helpers.Utils.getFromWebConfig("successPercentageCollisionFront") });
            listItems.Add(new SelectListItem { Text = languages.home_accident_collisionside, Value = Helpers.Utils.getFromWebConfig("successPercentageCollisionSide") });
            listItems.Add(new SelectListItem { Text = languages.home_accident_collisionrear, Value = Helpers.Utils.getFromWebConfig("successPercentageCollisionBack") });

            return listItems;
        }

        //

        public List<InjuryGroup> InjuriesGroups { get; set; }

        public static List<InjuryGroup> fillInjuriesGroupsList()
        {

            List<InjuryGroup> injuriesGroupsList = new List<InjuryGroup>();

            injuriesGroupsList.Add(new InjuryGroup { Id = 1, Name = InjuryGroups.Lesiones_AfectacionesNerviosas });
            injuriesGroupsList.Add(new InjuryGroup { Id = 2, Name = InjuryGroups.Lesiones_TranstornosPsicologicos });
            injuriesGroupsList.Add(new InjuryGroup { Id = 3, Name = InjuryGroups.Lesiones_LesionesOculares });
            injuriesGroupsList.Add(new InjuryGroup { Id = 4, Name = InjuryGroups.Lesiones_LesionesAuditivas });
            injuriesGroupsList.Add(new InjuryGroup { Id = 5, Name = InjuryGroups.Lesiones_LesionesNasales });
            injuriesGroupsList.Add(new InjuryGroup { Id = 6, Name = InjuryGroups.Lesiones_LesionesMandibulares });
            injuriesGroupsList.Add(new InjuryGroup { Id = 7, Name = InjuryGroups.Lesiones_LesionesCervicales });
            injuriesGroupsList.Add(new InjuryGroup { Id = 8, Name = InjuryGroups.Lesiones_LesionesExtremidadesSuperiores });
            injuriesGroupsList.Add(new InjuryGroup { Id = 9, Name = InjuryGroups.Lesiones_LesionesExtremidadesInferiores });
            injuriesGroupsList.Add(new InjuryGroup { Id = 10, Name = InjuryGroups.Lesiones_LesionesRodilla });
            injuriesGroupsList.Add(new InjuryGroup { Id = 11, Name = InjuryGroups.Lesiones_LesionesTobillo });
            injuriesGroupsList.Add(new InjuryGroup { Id = 12, Name = InjuryGroups.Lesiones_LesionesPie });
            injuriesGroupsList.Add(new InjuryGroup { Id = 13, Name = InjuryGroups.Lesiones_LesionesCadera });
            injuriesGroupsList.Add(new InjuryGroup { Id = 14, Name = InjuryGroups.Lesiones_LesionesCardiacas });
            injuriesGroupsList.Add(new InjuryGroup { Id = 15, Name = InjuryGroups.Lesiones_LesionesOrganoDigestivo });
            injuriesGroupsList.Add(new InjuryGroup { Id = 16, Name = InjuryGroups.Lesiones_LesionesSistemaUrinario });
            injuriesGroupsList.Add(new InjuryGroup { Id = 17, Name = InjuryGroups.Lesiones_Quemaduras });
            injuriesGroupsList.Add(new InjuryGroup { Id = 18, Name = InjuryGroups.Lesiones_LesionesNeurologicasMedulares });
            injuriesGroupsList.Add(new InjuryGroup { Id = 19, Name = InjuryGroups.Lesiones_LesionesRespitarorias });

            return injuriesGroupsList;
        }

        public List<SelectListGroup> InjuriesSelectGroups { get; set; }

        public static List<SelectListGroup> fillInjuriesSelectListGroup(AccidentViewModel model) {

            List<SelectListGroup> injuriesSelectListGroup = new List<SelectListGroup>();
            foreach (InjuryGroup injuryGroup in model.InjuriesGroups) {
                injuriesSelectListGroup.Add(new SelectListGroup { Name = injuryGroup.Name });
            }

            return injuriesSelectListGroup;
        }

        //

        public List<Injury> Injuries { get; set; }        

        public static List<Injury> fillInjuriesList(AccidentViewModel model)
        {
            InjuryGroup Lesiones_AfectacionesNerviosas = model.InjuriesGroups[0];
            InjuryGroup Lesiones_TranstornosPsicologicos = model.InjuriesGroups[1];
            InjuryGroup Lesiones_LesionesOculares = model.InjuriesGroups[2];
            InjuryGroup Lesiones_LesionesAuditivas = model.InjuriesGroups[3];
            InjuryGroup Lesiones_LesionesNasales = model.InjuriesGroups[4];
            InjuryGroup Lesiones_LesionesMandibulares = model.InjuriesGroups[5];
            InjuryGroup Lesiones_LesionesCervicales = model.InjuriesGroups[6];
            InjuryGroup Lesiones_LesionesExtremidadesSuperiores = model.InjuriesGroups[7];
            InjuryGroup Lesiones_LesionesExtremidadesInferiores = model.InjuriesGroups[8];
            InjuryGroup Lesiones_LesionesRodilla = model.InjuriesGroups[9];
            InjuryGroup Lesiones_LesionesTobillo = model.InjuriesGroups[10];
            InjuryGroup Lesiones_LesionesPie = model.InjuriesGroups[11];
            InjuryGroup Lesiones_LesionesCadera = model.InjuriesGroups[12];
            InjuryGroup Lesiones_LesionesCardiacas = model.InjuriesGroups[13];
            InjuryGroup Lesiones_LesionesRespitarorias = model.InjuriesGroups[14];
            InjuryGroup Lesiones_LesionesOrganoDigestivo = model.InjuriesGroups[15];
            InjuryGroup Lesiones_LesionesSistemaUrinario = model.InjuriesGroups[16];
            InjuryGroup Lesiones_Quemaduras = model.InjuriesGroups[17];
            InjuryGroup Lesiones_LesionesNeurologicasMedulares = model.InjuriesGroups[18];

            List<Injury> injuries = new List<Injury>();

            injuries.Add(new Injury { Id = 1, Text = languages.Lesiones_AfectacionesNerviosas_AfectacionNerviosaAuditiva, Value = int.Parse(Helpers.Utils.getFromWebConfig("Lesiones_AfectacionesNerviosas_AfectacionNerviosaAuditiva")), Group = Lesiones_AfectacionesNerviosas });
            injuries.Add(new Injury { Id = 2, Text = languages.Lesiones_AfectacionesNerviosas_AfectacionNerviosaOcular, Value = int.Parse(Helpers.Utils.getFromWebConfig("Lesiones_AfectacionesNerviosas_AfectacionNerviosaOcular")), Group = Lesiones_AfectacionesNerviosas });
            injuries.Add(new Injury { Id = 3, Text = languages.Lesiones_AfectacionesNerviosas_AfectacionNervioCiatico, Value = int.Parse(Helpers.Utils.getFromWebConfig("Lesiones_AfectacionesNerviosas_AfectacionNervioCiatico")), Group = Lesiones_AfectacionesNerviosas });
            injuries.Add(new Injury { Id = 4, Text = languages.Lesiones_AfectacionesNerviosas_AfectacionNerviosaMandibular, Value = int.Parse(Helpers.Utils.getFromWebConfig("Lesiones_AfectacionesNerviosas_AfectacionNerviosaMandibular")), Group = Lesiones_AfectacionesNerviosas });
            injuries.Add(new Injury { Id = 5, Text = languages.Lesiones_AfectacionesNerviosas_AfectacionNerviosaRadioCubito, Value = int.Parse(Helpers.Utils.getFromWebConfig("Lesiones_AfectacionesNerviosas_AfectacionNerviosaRadioCubito")), Group = Lesiones_AfectacionesNerviosas });
            injuries.Add(new Injury { Id = 6, Text = languages.Lesiones_AfectacionesNerviosas_AfectacionNerviosaTibia, Value = int.Parse(Helpers.Utils.getFromWebConfig("Lesiones_AfectacionesNerviosas_AfectacionNerviosaTibia")), Group = Lesiones_AfectacionesNerviosas });

            ...

            return injuries;
        }

        public IEnumerable<SelectListItem> InjuriesSelect { get; set; }

        public static IEnumerable<SelectListItem> fillInjuriesSelectList(AccidentViewModel model)
        {
            List<SelectListItem> injuriesSelectList = new List<SelectListItem>();

            foreach (InjuryGroup injuryGroup in model.InjuriesGroups) {
                foreach (Injury injury in model.Injuries.Where(x => x.Group == injuryGroup).ToList()) {
                    injuriesSelectList.Add(new SelectListItem { Text = injury.Text, Value = injury.Id.ToString(), Group = model.InjuriesSelectGroups.Where(x => x.Name == injuryGroup.Name).First() });
                }
            }

            return injuriesSelectList;
        }
    }

伤害模型：

using xxx.App_GlobalResources;

namespace xxx.Models
{
    public class Injury
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }
        public string Text { get; set; }
        public int Value { get; set; }
        public InjuryGroup Group { get; set; }
    }

    public static class InjuryGroups
    {
        public static string Lesiones_AfectacionesNerviosas { get { return languages.Lesiones_AfectacionesNerviosas; } }
        public static string Lesiones_TranstornosPsicologicos { get { return languages.Lesiones_TranstornosPsicologicos; } }
        public static string Lesiones_LesionesOculares { get { return languages.Lesiones_LesionesOculares; } }
        public static string Lesiones_LesionesAuditivas { get { return languages.Lesiones_LesionesAuditivas; } }
        public static string Lesiones_LesionesNasales { get { return languages.Lesiones_LesionesNasales; } }
        public static string Lesiones_LesionesMandibulares { get { return languages.Lesiones_LesionesMandibulares; } }
        public static string Lesiones_LesionesCervicales { get { return languages.Lesiones_LesionesCervicales; } }
        public static string Lesiones_LesionesExtremidadesSuperiores { get { return languages.Lesiones_LesionesExtremidadesSuperiores; } }
        public static string Lesiones_LesionesExtremidadesInferiores { get { return languages.Lesiones_LesionesExtremidadesInferiores; } }
        public static string Lesiones_LesionesRodilla { get { return languages.Lesiones_LesionesRodilla; } }
        public static string Lesiones_LesionesTobillo { get { return languages.Lesiones_LesionesTobillo; } }
        public static string Lesiones_LesionesPie { get { return languages.Lesiones_LesionesPie; } }
        public static string Lesiones_LesionesCadera { get { return languages.Lesiones_LesionesCadera; } }
        public static string Lesiones_LesionesCardiacas { get { return languages.Lesiones_LesionesCardiacas; } }
        public static string Lesiones_LesionesRespitarorias { get { return languages.Lesiones_LesionesRespitarorias; } }
        public static string Lesiones_LesionesOrganoDigestivo { get { return languages.Lesiones_LesionesOrganoDigestivo; } }
        public static string Lesiones_LesionesSistemaUrinario { get { return languages.Lesiones_LesionesSistemaUrinario; } }
        public static string Lesiones_Quemaduras { get { return languages.Lesiones_Quemaduras; } }
        public static string Lesiones_LesionesNeurologicasMedulares { get { return languages.Lesiones_LesionesNeurologicasMedulares; } }
    }
}

伤害组模型：

使用System.Collections.Generic;

命名空间补偿Calc.Models { 公共伤害小组 { public int ID {get;组; } 公共字符串名称{get;组; } 公开清单伤害{get;组; } } }

最后，我无法将伤害下拉列表与模型绑定在一起，因此在提交表单时，伤害列表包含所有选定伤害，换句话说，就是用户选择的伤害（添加）新伤害，模型将使用相应的值更新伤害列表。

我也不理解（这是概念上的），如果我通过PartialView通过模板添加伤害下拉列表，并且通过javascript post call进行此操作，那么将新添加的下拉列表ID插入html会发生什么？我是否必须使用javascript重命名它们，以便每次添加新伤害时都不会在DOM中重复新的下拉ID？

最重要的是在将我的“下拉列表”与事故模型绑定的最佳方法上有所帮助（当然，还要使每个新添加的下拉列表也与该模型绑定）。

我知道我应该使用DropDownListFor而不是DropDownList，但是我不确定该怎么做。

谢谢。

Answer 1

好吧，我将结束自己的问题，以防其他人遇到类似的问题。

如果模型中有一个列表，则下一种处理列表的方法是

在模型中，我添加了一个新属性来保存下拉菜单中的SelectedInjury（以我为例）。

public int SelectedInjury { get; set; }

在视图中，我通过以下方式创建了DropDownList：

@Html.DropDownListFor(model => model.Accident.Injuries[0].SelectedInjury, Model.Injuries, Model.SelectInjuryText, new { @class = "form-control", @style = "width: 300px;", onchange = @"" })

然后，在javascript中，我有一个Injury计数器，每当添加新的DropDowns（来自控制器通过ajax调用从模板中获取）时，我只需替换Accident_Injuries [0]中的“ 0”即可（这或多或少生成的html id）以及相应的新索引，然后再将html添加到DOM。这样，当您在下拉列表中选择一个新项目时，新的“伤害”对象会自动添加到列表中，因此无需对控制器或其他任何对象进行ajax调用即可更新模型（这是我的邮件问题）。

干杯，祝您编程愉快！

MVC C＃：绑定模型的“下拉列表”的最佳方法

1 个答案: