我从CEFpython的github页面上编辑了代码，该页面使用wxPython。在我的Mac上运行正常，但是当浏览器在Windows上启动时，它只会加载空白屏幕。
我第一次尝试wxPython和CEFpython。 我试图将wxPython用作cef浏览器的包装器，在后台将django用作服务器。 我遵循了CEFpython Github页面https://github.com/cztomczak/cefpython/blob/master/examples/wxpython.py上的教程 我对其进行了编辑，并且可以在mac上运行，但是当我尝试在Windows上运行它时，我得到的只是一个空白的白色页面，左上方有一个小方块。 我试过的 1）我尝试加载google.com，而不是127.0.0.1:8000。 2）我猜想可能是服务器未在包含浏览器的帧之前启动，我使用了一个线程来延迟约15秒，然后在浏览器上调用了Reload 3）它在Mac上完美运行，因此我编辑了代码，只保留了Windows相关的代码。 请帮忙！ 抱歉，如果我粘贴了所有代码，我真的不知道自己在做什么错。 先感谢您。
browser.py
import wx
from cefpython3 import cefpython as cef
import sys
import platform
import os
# Platforms
WINDOWS = (platform.system() == "Windows")
LINUX = (platform.system() == "Linux")
MAC = (platform.system() == "Darwin")
if MAC:
try:
# noinspection PyUnresolvedReferences
from AppKit import NSApp
except ImportError:
print("[wxpython.py] Error: PyObjC package is missing, "
"cannot fix Issue #371")
print("[wxpython.py] To install PyObjC type: "
"pip install -U pyobjc")
sys.exit(1)
def check_versions():
print("[wxpython.py] CEF Python {ver}".format(ver=cef.__version__))
print("[wxpython.py] Python {ver} {arch}".format(
ver=platform.python_version(), arch=platform.architecture()[0]))
print("[wxpython.py] wxPython {ver}".format(ver=wx.version()))
# CEF Python version requirement
assert cef.__version__ >= "66.0", "CEF Python v66.0+ required to run this"
def scale_window_size_for_high_dpi(width, height):
"""Scale window size for high DPI devices. This func can be
called on all operating systems, but scales only for Windows.
If scaled value is bigger than the work area on the display
then it will be reduced."""
if not WINDOWS:
return width, height
(_, _, max_width, max_height) = wx.GetClientDisplayRect().Get()
# noinspection PyUnresolvedReferences
(width, height) = cef.DpiAware.Scale((width, height))
if width > max_width:
width = max_width
if height > max_height:
height = max_height
return width, height
class BrowserFrame(wx.Frame):
def __init__(self):
self.browser = None
wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent=None, id=wx.ID_ANY, title="NETS Framework")
self.ShowFullScreen(True)
# Set wx.WANTS_CHARS style for the keyboard to work.
# This style also needs to be set for all parent controls.
self.browser_panel = wx.Panel(self, style=wx.WANTS_CHARS)
self.browser_panel.Bind(wx.EVT_SET_FOCUS, self.OnSetFocus)
self.browser_panel.Bind(wx.EVT_SIZE, self.OnSize)
check_versions()
sys.excepthook = cef.ExceptHook # To shutdown all CEF processes on error
settings = {}
settings["context_menu"] = {'enabled':False}
if MAC:
# Issue #442 requires enabling message pump on Mac
# and calling message loop work in a timer both at
# the same time. This is an incorrect approach
# and only a temporary fix.
settings["external_message_pump"] = True
if WINDOWS:
# noinspection PyUnresolvedReferences, PyArgumentList
cef.DpiAware.EnableHighDpiSupport()
cef.Initialize(settings=settings)
if MAC:
# Make the content view for the window have a layer.
# This will make all sub-views have layers. This is
# necessary to ensure correct layer ordering of all
# child views and their layers. This fixes Window
# glitchiness during initial loading on Mac (Issue #371).
NSApp.windows()[0].contentView().setWantsLayer_(True)
if LINUX:
# On Linux must show before embedding browser, so that handle
# is available (Issue #347).
self.Show()
# In wxPython 3.0 and wxPython 4.0 on Linux handle is
# still not yet available, so must delay embedding browser
# (Issue #349).
if wx.version().startswith("3.") or wx.version().startswith("4."):
wx.CallLater(100, self.embed_browser)
else:
# This works fine in wxPython 2.8 on Linux
self.embed_browser()
else:
self.embed_browser()
self.Show()
def embed_browser(self):
window_info = cef.WindowInfo()
(width, height) = self.browser_panel.GetClientSize().Get()
assert self.browser_panel.GetHandle()
window_info.SetAsChild(self.browser_panel.GetHandle(),
[0, 0, width, height])
self.browser = cef.CreateBrowserSync(window_info,
url="http://127.0.0.1:8000")
self.browser.SetClientHandler(FocusHandler())
def OnSetFocus(self, _):
if not self.browser:
return
if WINDOWS:
cef.WindowUtils.OnSetFocus(self.browser_panel.GetHandle(),
0, 0, 0)
self.browser.SetFocus(True)
def OnSize(self, _):
if not self.browser:
return
if WINDOWS:
cef.WindowUtils.OnSize(self.browser_panel.GetHandle(),
0, 0, 0)
elif LINUX:
(x, y) = (0, 0)
(width, height) = self.browser_panel.GetSize().Get()
self.browser.SetBounds(x, y, width, height)
self.browser.NotifyMoveOrResizeStarted()
def OnClose(self, event):
print("[wxpython.py] OnClose called")
if not self.browser:
# May already be closing, may be called multiple times on Mac
return
if not MAC:
# On Mac shutdown is called in OnClose
cef.Shutdown()
if MAC:
# On Mac things work differently, other steps are required
self.browser.CloseBrowser()
self.clear_browser_references()
self.Destroy()
global g_count_windows
g_count_windows -= 1
if g_count_windows == 0:
cef.Shutdown()
wx.GetApp().ExitMainLoop()
# Call _exit otherwise app exits with code 255 (Issue #162).
# noinspection PyProtectedMember
os._exit(0)
else:
# Calling browser.CloseBrowser() and/or self.Destroy()
# in OnClose may cause app crash on some paltforms in
# some use cases, details in Issue #107.
self.browser.ParentWindowWillClose()
event.Skip()
self.clear_browser_references()
def clear_browser_references(self):
# Clear browser references that you keep anywhere in your
# code. All references must be cleared for CEF to shutdown cleanly.
self.browser = None
class FocusHandler(object):
def OnGotFocus(self, browser, **_):
# Temporary fix for focus issues on Linux (Issue #284).
if LINUX:
print("[wxpython.py] FocusHandler.OnGotFocus:"
" keyboard focus fix (Issue #284)")
browser.SetFocus(True)
main.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
import wx
import time
from icecream import ic
from threading import Thread
from source.Nets.wxBrowser import BrowserFrame
from source.Nets.server import start_server_subprocess
# This puts the server in a subprocess, don't forget to close it
class ServerThread(Thread):
def __init__(self):
Thread.__init__(self)
self.start()
def run(self):
ic("Starting Server")
start_server_subprocess()
class StartPanel(wx.Panel):
def __init__(self, parent):
wx.Panel.__init__(self, parent)
# create the text display to basic info
self.app_info = wx.StaticText(self, label="Enter the IP Address of Mother Server"
" \n If you want to use the practice mode simply click"
" practice mode button and carry on with the program")
# create the text entry box to enter the ip
self.ip_address = wx.TextCtrl(self, value="http://127.0.0.1:8000", )
# create two buttons to either select client mode or practice mode
self.client_button = wx.Button(self, -1, "Client Mode", )
self.practice_button = wx.Button(self, -1, "Practice Mode", )
# Add the buttons to a Horizontal sizer
# This allows the client and practice buttons to stack side by side
self.sizer2 = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
self.sizer2.Add(self.client_button, 1, wx.EXPAND)
self.sizer2.Add(self.practice_button, 1, wx.EXPAND)
# Add the app_info and ip_text to a vertical sizer to allow them
# stack on each other add the sizer2 to the button
self.sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
self.sizer.Add(self.app_info, 1, wx.EXPAND)
self.sizer.Add(self.ip_address, 1, wx.EXPAND)
self.sizer.Add(self.sizer2, 0, wx.EXPAND)
self.SetSizer(self.sizer)
self.SetAutoLayout(1)
self.sizer.Fit(self)
# Create button Bind actions
self.practice_button.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.onPractice)
self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.onClient, self.client_button)
def onClient(self, event):
# load the new frame using max screen and browser to the
# IP provided, use thread to wait, and use error handling
# to fail gracefully
print("Hit client")
def onPractice(self, event):
# Use a thread to start the local django server
# Verify that the server has started
# TODO At some point implement a method to check for an updated sqlite server that has more questions
# Switch to the browser frame and local server
self.practice_button.Disable()
self.client_button.Disable()
ic("Attempting to start server")
ServerThread()
self.practice_button.SetLabelText("Loading Process, Please wait")
self.app_info.SetLabel("You will be logged into the practice mode. Enjoy!")
time.sleep(3)
# TODO Implement button
# This allows the whole pre-existing panel to be destroyed and we implement a button that can allow the app
# To gracefully close all frames including cef and django sub-process
#self.Destroy()
#self.close_all_button = wx.Button(self, -1, "Quit NETS")
browser_frame = BrowserFrame()
class StartFrame(wx.Frame):
def __init__(self, parent, title):
# The style = wx.DEFAULT_FRAME_STYLE & ~(wx.RESIZE_BORDER | wx.MAXIMIZE_BOX) command helps to fix the size of
# the page to make it non resizable and of fixed width and height.
# This can also be achived using
# self.SetMaxSize(wx.Size(400, 300))
# self.SetMinSize(wx.Size(400, 300))
wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent, title=title,
style=wx.DEFAULT_FRAME_STYLE & ~(wx.RESIZE_BORDER | wx.MAXIMIZE_BOX), size=(400, 300))
start_panel = StartPanel(self)
# Create status bar
self.status_bar = self.CreateStatusBar()
self.status_bar.SetStatusText("NETS: Active")
if __name__ == "__main__":
app = wx.App(False)
frame = StartFrame(None, "Nets").Show()
app.MainLoop()
server.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
import os
import django
from django.core.management import call_command
from subprocess import Popen, PIPE
# TODO Clean up and select which process to use to start django
# TODO Note, any method you implement must be able to give some form of log
# TODO FOR debugging ease, You must ensure that you kill the server process
# TODO ON exit from the app itself
def start_server_subprocess():
process = Popen(['python', 'manage.py', 'runserver'], stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE)
process.wait()
return process
# This method starts the server in the same thread as the main app
# This leads to freezing, the subprocess method has been chosen
# This is kept for learning purposes!!!
def start_server():
os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'Nets.settings')
django.setup()
try:
call_command("runserver", noreload=True)
except Exception as e:
template = "An exception of type {0} occurred. Arguments:\n{1!r}"
message = template.format(type(e).__name__, e.args)
print(message)