Question

我使用Junit测试一个班级，并且得到了NullPointerException。

下面要提供我要测试的课程，

@Component
public class EmailageConnector {

    private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger( EmailageConnector.class );

    private static final String BASIC_AUTHORIZATION = "Basic ";

    @Autowired
    private EmailageConfigHolder emailageConfigHolder;

    @Autowired
    private EntityServiceConnectable<EmailageResponseDto> connector;

    private String authorization;

    @PostConstruct
    void createAuthorization() {
        final String credentials = String.format( "%s%s%s", emailageConfigHolder.getAccountId(), ":", emailageConfigHolder.getApiKey() );
        authorization = BASIC_AUTHORIZATION + encodeBase64String( credentials.getBytes() );
    }

    // ========================================================================

    public ServiceResponse<EmailageResponseDto> call( final RequestInformation requestInfo, final EmailageRequestDto request ) {

        if( LOG.isDebugEnabled() ) {
            LOG.debug( "call emailage [ requestInfo: {} - request: {}]",
                       String.format( "%s", requestInfo ),
                       String.format( "%s", request ) );
        }

        return connector.call( request, createHeaders() );
    }

    // ========================================================================

    private HttpHeaders createHeaders() {
        final HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();

        headers.add( AUTHORIZATION, authorization );
        return headers;
    }

}

这是我的测试课，

@RunWith( MockitoJUnitRunner.class )
public class EmailageConnectorTest {

    @InjectMocks
    private EmailageConnector connector;

    @Spy
    private EmailageConfigHolder configHolder;

    @Mock
    EntityServiceConnectable<EmailageResponseDto> serviceConnector;

    @Captor
    private ArgumentCaptor<UriParam<?>> captor;

    @Captor
    private ArgumentCaptor<HttpHeaders> headerCaptor;

    @Before
    public void setUp() {
        configHolder.setApiKey( "api-key-123456" );
        configHolder.setAccountId( "ratepay-group" );
        connector.createAuthorization();
    }

    @Test
    public void call() {

        RequestInformation requestInfo = new TestRequestInformation();

        when( serviceConnector.call( Mockito.any( HttpHeaders.class ), Mockito.any() ) )
                .thenReturn( ServiceResponseFactory.withError( "error", 500 ) );

        ServiceResponse<EmailageResponseDto> response = connector.call( requestInfo, createTestEmailageRequestDto() );

        assertEquals( Integer.valueOf( 500 ), response.getHttpStatus() );
        assertEquals( "error", response.getErrorMessage() );

        verify( serviceConnector ).call( headerCaptor.capture(), captor.capture() );

        assertEquals( 3, captor.getAllValues().size() );
        assertEquals( "api_id", captor.getAllValues().get( 0 ).getName() );
        assertEquals( "api-id-12345", captor.getAllValues().get( 0 ).getValue() );
        assertEquals( "token", captor.getAllValues().get( 1 ).getName() );
        assertEquals( "token-1234", captor.getAllValues().get( 1 ).getValue() );
        assertEquals( "include", captor.getAllValues().get( 2 ).getName() );
        assertEquals( "scores", String.valueOf( ( (SimpleQueryUriParam) captor.getAllValues().get( 2 ) ).getValue()[0] ) );
        assertEquals( GW_ID, headerCaptor.getValue().getFirst( HEADER_GATEWAY_REQUEST_ID ) );
        assertEquals( TRX_ID, headerCaptor.getValue().getFirst( HEADER_TRANSACTION_ID ) );
        assertEquals( "Basic cmF0ZXBheS1ncm91cDphcGkta2V5LTEyMzQ1Ng==", headerCaptor.getValue().getFirst( AUTHORIZATION ) );
    }

    private EmailageRequestDto createTestEmailageRequestDto() {

        EmailageRequestDto dto = new EmailageRequestBuilder().build();
        return dto;
    }
}

下面提供了EntityServiceConnectable的界面

public interface EntityServiceConnectable<RESPONSE> extends ServiceConnectable<RESPONSE> {

    ServiceResponse<RESPONSE> call(Object var1, RequestInformation var2, UriParam... var3);

    ServiceResponse<RESPONSE> call(Object var1, HttpHeaders var2, UriParam... var3);

    ServiceResponse<RESPONSE> call(Object var1, UriParam... var2);
}

测试在这里失败

ServiceResponse<EmailageResponseDto> response = connector.call( requestInfo, createTestEmailageRequestDto() );

这是测试的错误堆栈，

java.lang.NullPointerException
    at com.ratepay.ella.service.io.EmailageConnectorTest.call(EmailageConnectorTest.java:84)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
    at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
    at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
    at org.mockito.internal.runners.DefaultInternalRunner$1.run(DefaultInternalRunner.java:79)
    at org.mockito.internal.runners.DefaultInternalRunner.run(DefaultInternalRunner.java:85)
    at org.mockito.internal.runners.StrictRunner.run(StrictRunner.java:39)
    at org.mockito.junit.MockitoJUnitRunner.run(MockitoJUnitRunner.java:163)
    at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
    at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:68)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:47)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:242)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:70)

[MockitoHint] EmailageConnectorTest.call (see javadoc for MockitoHint):
[MockitoHint] 1. Unused... -> at com.ratepay.ella.service.io.EmailageConnectorTest.call(EmailageConnectorTest.java:79)
[MockitoHint]  ...args ok? -> at com.ratepay.ella.service.io.EmailageConnector.call(EmailageConnector.java:65)

我调试了设置并提供了以下屏幕截图

我在这里想念什么？

Answer 1

编辑：
对于JUnit5和Mockito，请参考以下答案：
How to use Mockito with JUnit5
我也更新了下面的示例。

Edit2：由于TO并未说明正在使用哪个JUnit版本或嘲笑版本，如果仍然无法解决问题，我将尝试编辑答案。

感谢@helospark提出来。

使用Runner或Rule不适用于JUnit5，因此可能应该使用Mockito版本2。

对于Mockito版本1，需要显式调用init方法。


    @BeforeEach
    public void setUp() {
        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
    }

对于Junit5和最新的Mockito版本（2.27），测试类应如下所示：

class InnerClass {
    public void doSomething(String fileName) {
    }
}

class SomeClass {

    InnerClass innerClass;

    public boolean doSomething(String fileName) {
        innerClass.doSomething(fileName);
        return true;
    }
}

@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)
class SomeClassTest {

    @InjectMocks
    SomeClass someClass;

    @Mock
    InnerClass innerClass;

    @Test
    public void test() {
        someClass.doSomething("test");
        Mockito.verify(innerClass, Mockito.times(1)).doSomething(Mockito.any());
    }
}

java.lang.NullPointerException

1 个答案: