如何配置Logback以将记录器的不同级别记录到不同的目标？

Question

如何配置Logback以将记录器的不同级别记录到不同的目的地？

例如，在给定以下Logback配置的情况下，Logback会将INFO消息记录到STDOUT和ERROR消息到STDERR吗？

（请注意，此示例是Chapter 3: Logback Configuration中显示的示例logback-examples/src/main/java/chapters/configuration/sample4.xml的变体）。

<configuration>
  <appender name="STDOUT"
   class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
   <encoder>
     <pattern>
        %d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n
      </pattern>
    </encoder>
  </appender>
  <appender name="STDERR"
   class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
   <encoder>
     <pattern>
        %d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n
      </pattern>
    </encoder>
    <target>System.err</target>
  </appender>
  <!-- What is the effective level of "chapters.configuration"? -->
  <logger name="chapters.configuration" level="INFO" additivity="false">
    <appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
  </logger>
  <logger name="chapters.configuration" level="ERROR" additivity="false">
    <appender-ref ref="STDERR" />
  </logger>

  <!-- turn OFF all logging (children can override) -->
  <root level="OFF">
    <appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
  </root>
</configuration>

Answer 1

我相信这是最简单的解决方案：

<configuration>
    <contextName>selenium-plugin</contextName>
    <!-- Logging configuration -->  
    <appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
        <Target>System.out</Target>
        <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter">
            <level>INFO</level>
            <onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
            <onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>
        </filter>
        <encoder>
            <pattern>[%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS}] [%level] %msg%n</pattern>
        </encoder>
    </appender>
    <appender name="STDERR" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
            <Target>System.err</Target>
        <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter">
            <level>ERROR</level>
            <onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
            <onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>
        </filter>
        <encoder> 
            <pattern>[%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS}] [%level] [%thread] %logger{10} [%file:%line] %msg%n</pattern> 
        </encoder> 
    </appender>
    <root level="INFO">
        <appender-ref ref="STDOUT"/>
        <appender-ref ref="STDERR" />
    </root>
</configuration>

Answer 2

更新：对于使用Groovy的基于所有配置的方法，请参阅Dean Hiller's answer。

-

您可以使用Logback filters做一些有趣的事情。以下配置只会向stderr打印警告和错误消息，并将其他所有内容打印到stdout。

<强> logback.xml

<appender name="stdout" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
  <target>System.out</target>
  <filter class="com.foo.StdOutFilter" />
   ...
</appender>

<appender name="stderr" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
  <target>System.err</target>
  <filter class="com.foo.ErrOutFilter" />
   ...
</appender>

<logger name="mylogger" level="debug">
    <appender-ref ref="stdout" />
    <appender-ref ref="stderr" />
</logger>

<强> com.foo.StdOutFilter

public class StdOutFilter extends ch.qos.logback.core.filter.AbstractMatcherFilter
{

    @Override
    public FilterReply decide(Object event)
    {
        if (!isStarted())
        {
            return FilterReply.NEUTRAL;
        }

        LoggingEvent loggingEvent = (LoggingEvent) event;

        List<Level> eventsToKeep = Arrays.asList(Level.TRACE, Level.DEBUG, Level.INFO);
        if (eventsToKeep.contains(loggingEvent.getLevel()))
        {
            return FilterReply.NEUTRAL;
        }
        else
        {
            return FilterReply.DENY;
        }
    }

}

<强> com.foo.ErrOutFilter

public class ErrOutFilter extends ch.qos.logback.core.filter.AbstractMatcherFilter
{

    @Override
    public FilterReply decide(Object event)
    {
        if (!isStarted())
        {
            return FilterReply.NEUTRAL;
        }

        LoggingEvent loggingEvent = (LoggingEvent) event;

        List<Level> eventsToKeep = Arrays.asList(Level.WARN, Level.ERROR);
        if (eventsToKeep.contains(loggingEvent.getLevel()))
        {
            return FilterReply.NEUTRAL;
        }
        else
        {
            return FilterReply.DENY;
        }
    }

}

Answer 3

仅基于配置的解决方案，使用ThresoldFilter和LevelFilters来保持非常容易理解：

<configuration>
    <appender name="STDERR" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
        <target>System.err</target>
        <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.ThresholdFilter">
          <level>WARN</level>
        </filter>
        <encoder>
            <pattern>%date %level [%thread] %logger %msg%n</pattern>
        </encoder>
    </appender>

    <appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
        <target>System.out</target>
        <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter">
          <level>DEBUG</level>
          <onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
        </filter>
        <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter">
          <level>INFO</level>
          <onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
        </filter>
        <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter">
          <level>TRACE</level>
          <onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
        </filter>
        <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter">
          <level>WARN</level>
          <onMatch>DENY</onMatch>
        </filter>
        <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter">
          <level>ERROR</level>
          <onMatch>DENY</onMatch>
        </filter>
        <encoder>
            <pattern>%date %level [%thread] %logger %msg%n</pattern>
        </encoder>
    </appender>

    <root level="INFO">
        <appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
        <appender-ref ref="STDERR" />
    </root>
</configuration>

Answer 4

好的，这是我最喜欢的xml方式。我为eclipse版本做这个，所以我可以

• 点击东西带我到日志声明和
• 查看信息及以下黑色和警告/严重红色

由于某种原因，SO没有正确显示这一切，但大多数似乎都在那里......

<configuration scan="true" scanPeriod="30 seconds">

    <appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
        <filter class="ch.qos.logback.core.filter.EvaluatorFilter">      
          <evaluator class="ch.qos.logback.classic.boolex.GEventEvaluator"> 
            <expression>
               e.level.toInt() &lt;= INFO.toInt()
            </expression>
          </evaluator>
          <OnMismatch>DENY</OnMismatch>
          <OnMatch>NEUTRAL</OnMatch>
        </filter>

        <encoder>
            <pattern>%date{ISO8601} %X{sessionid}-%X{user} %caller{1} %-4level: %message%n</pattern>
        </encoder>
    </appender>

    <appender name="STDERR" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
        <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.ThresholdFilter"> 
            <level>warn</level>
        </filter>

        <encoder>
            <pattern>%date{ISO8601} %X{sessionid}-%X{user} %caller{1} %-4level: %message%n</pattern>
        </encoder>
        <target>System.err</target>
    </appender>

    <root>
        <level value="INFO" />
        <appender-ref ref="STDOUT"/>
        <appender-ref ref="STDERR"/>
    </root>
</configuration>

Answer 5

最简单的解决方案是在appender上使用ThresholdFilter：

    <appender name="..." class="...">
        <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.ThresholdFilter">
            <level>INFO</level>
        </filter>

完整示例：

<configuration>
    <appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
        <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.ThresholdFilter">
            <level>INFO</level>
        </filter>
        <encoder>
            <pattern>%d %-5level: %msg%n</pattern>
        </encoder>
    </appender>

    <appender name="STDERR" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
        <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.ThresholdFilter">
            <level>ERROR</level>
        </filter>
        <target>System.err</target>
        <encoder>
            <pattern>%d %-5level: %msg%n</pattern>
        </encoder>
    </appender>

    <root>
        <appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
        <appender-ref ref="STDERR" />
    </root>
</configuration>

更新：正如Mike在评论中指出的那样，ERROR级别的消息在这里打印到STDOUT和STDERR。但不确定OP的意图是什么。如果这不是你想要的，你可以尝试迈克的答案。

Answer 6

这是我使用的配置，工作正常，它基于XML + JaninoEventEvaluator（需要将Janino库添加到Classpath中）

<configuration>
<appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
    <encoder>
        <pattern>%date | [%-5level] in [%file:%line] - %msg %n</pattern>
    </encoder>
    <filter class="ch.qos.logback.core.filter.EvaluatorFilter">
        <evaluator class="ch.qos.logback.classic.boolex.JaninoEventEvaluator">
            <expression>
                level &lt;= INFO
            </expression>
        </evaluator>
        <OnMismatch>DENY</OnMismatch>
        <OnMatch>NEUTRAL</OnMatch>
    </filter>
</appender>
<appender name="STDERR" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
    <target>System.err</target>
    <encoder>
        <pattern>%date | [%-5level] in [%file:%line] - %msg %n</pattern>
    </encoder>
    <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.ThresholdFilter">
        <level>WARN</level>
    </filter>
</appender>

<root level="DEBUG">
    <appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
    <appender-ref ref="STDERR" />
</root>
</configuration>  

Answer 7

我使用logback.groovy来配置我的logback，但你也可以使用xml config来实现：

import static ch.qos.logback.classic.Level.*
import static ch.qos.logback.core.spi.FilterReply.DENY
import static ch.qos.logback.core.spi.FilterReply.NEUTRAL
import ch.qos.logback.classic.boolex.GEventEvaluator
import ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder
import ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender
import ch.qos.logback.core.filter.EvaluatorFilter

def patternExpression = "%date{ISO8601} [%5level] %msg%n"

appender("STDERR", ConsoleAppender) {
    filter(EvaluatorFilter) {
      evaluator(GEventEvaluator) {
        expression = 'e.level.toInt() >= WARN.toInt()'
      }
      onMatch = NEUTRAL
      onMismatch = DENY
    }
    encoder(PatternLayoutEncoder) {
      pattern = patternExpression
    }
    target = "System.err"
  }

appender("STDOUT", ConsoleAppender) {
    filter(EvaluatorFilter) {
      evaluator(GEventEvaluator) {
        expression = 'e.level.toInt() < WARN.toInt()'
      }
      onMismatch = DENY
      onMatch = NEUTRAL
    }
    encoder(PatternLayoutEncoder) {
      pattern = patternExpression
    }
    target = "System.out"
}

logger("org.hibernate.type", WARN)
logger("org.hibernate", WARN)
logger("org.springframework", WARN)

root(INFO,["STDERR","STDOUT"])

我认为使用GEventEvaluator更简单，因为不需要创建过滤器类 我为我的英语道歉！

Answer 8

试试这个。您可以使用内置的ThresholdFilter和LevelFilter。无需以编程方式创建自己的过滤器。在此示例中，WARN和ERROR级别记录到System.err并休息到System.out：

    

<appender name="stdout" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
    <!-- deny ERROR level -->
    <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter">
        <level>ERROR</level>
        <onMatch>DENY</onMatch>
    </filter>
    <!-- deny WARN level -->
    <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter">
        <level>WARN</level>
        <onMatch>DENY</onMatch>
    </filter>
    <target>System.out</target>
    <immediateFlush>true</immediateFlush>
    <encoder>
        <charset>utf-8</charset>
        <pattern>${msg_pattern}</pattern>
    </encoder>
</appender>

<appender name="stderr" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
    <!-- deny all events with a level below WARN, that is INFO, DEBUG and TRACE -->
    <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.ThresholdFilter">
        <level>WARN</level>
    </filter>
    <target>System.err</target>
    <immediateFlush>true</immediateFlush>
    <encoder>
        <charset>utf-8</charset>
        <pattern>${msg_pattern}</pattern>
    </encoder>
</appender>   

<root level="WARN">
    <appender-ref ref="stderr"/>
</root>

<root level="TRACE">
    <appender-ref ref="stdout"/>
</root>

Answer 9

我不赞成这个答案，因为它只是上面最好的两个答案的组合：X. Wo Satuk和SébastienHelbert的答案：ThresholdFilter很可爱，但你无法配置它有一个上层和下层*，但将它与两个设置为“DENY”的LevelFilters WARN和ERROR组合起来就可以了。

非常重要：不要忘记STDERR appender中的<target>System.err</target>标记：我的遗漏让我感到沮丧几分钟。

<configuration>
    <timestamp key="byDay" datePattern="yyyyMMdd'T'HHmmss" />
    <appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
        <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.ThresholdFilter">
            <level>INFO</level>
        </filter>
        <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter">
            <level>WARN</level>
            <onMatch>DENY</onMatch>
        </filter>
        <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter">
            <level>ERROR</level>
            <onMatch>DENY</onMatch>
        </filter>
        <encoder>
            <pattern>%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36}.%M\(%line\)
                - %msg%n
            </pattern>
        </encoder>
    </appender>

    <appender name="STDERR" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
        <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.ThresholdFilter">
            <level>WARN</level>
        </filter>
        <target>System.err</target>
        <encoder>
            <pattern>%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36}.%M\(%line\)
                - %msg%n
            </pattern>
        </encoder>
    </appender>

    <root level="debug">
        <appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
        <appender-ref ref="STDERR" />
    </root>
</configuration>

*但它在API中有一个方法decide，但我不知道你在这种情况下如何使用它。

Answer 10

无需编程。配置让你的生活变得轻松。

以下是将不同级别的日志记录到不同文件的配置

<property name="DEV_HOME" value="./logs" />

<appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
    <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.ThresholdFilter">
        <level>INFO</level>
    </filter>
    <layout class="ch.qos.logback.classic.PatternLayout">
        <Pattern>
            %d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} %-5level - %msg%n
        </Pattern>
    </layout>
</appender>

<appender name="FILE-ERROR"
    class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
    <file>${DEV_HOME}/app-error.log</file>
    <encoder class="ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder">
        <Pattern>
            %d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} %-5level - %msg%n
        </Pattern>
    </encoder>

    <rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
        <!-- rollover daily -->
        <fileNamePattern>${DEV_HOME}/archived/app-error.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.%i.log
        </fileNamePattern>
        <timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy
            class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeAndTimeBasedFNATP">
            <maxFileSize>10MB</maxFileSize>
        </timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy>
    </rollingPolicy>

    <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter">
        <level>ERROR</level>
        <!--output messages of exact level only -->
        <onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
        <onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>
    </filter>
</appender>
<appender name="FILE-INFO"
    class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
    <file>${DEV_HOME}/app-info.log</file>
    <encoder class="ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder">
        <Pattern>
            %d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} %-5level - %msg%n
        </Pattern>
    </encoder>

    <rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
        <!-- rollover daily -->
        <fileNamePattern>${DEV_HOME}/archived/app-info.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.%i.log
        </fileNamePattern>
        <timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy
            class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeAndTimeBasedFNATP">
            <maxFileSize>10MB</maxFileSize>
        </timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy>
    </rollingPolicy>


    <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter">
        <level>INFO</level>
        <!--output messages of exact level only -->
        <onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
        <onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>
    </filter>
</appender>


<appender name="FILE-DEBUG"
    class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
    <file>${DEV_HOME}/app-debug.log</file>
    <encoder class="ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder">
        <Pattern>
            %d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n
        </Pattern>
    </encoder>

    <rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
        <!-- rollover daily -->
        <fileNamePattern>${DEV_HOME}/archived/app-debug.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.%i.log
        </fileNamePattern>
        <timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy
            class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeAndTimeBasedFNATP">
            <maxFileSize>10MB</maxFileSize>
        </timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy>
    </rollingPolicy>

    <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter">
        <level>DEBUG</level>
        <!--output messages of exact level only -->
        <onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>
        <onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>
    </filter>
</appender>

<appender name="FILE-ALL"
    class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
    <file>${DEV_HOME}/app.log</file>
    <encoder class="ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder">
        <Pattern>
            %d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n
        </Pattern>
    </encoder>

    <rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
        <!-- rollover daily -->
        <fileNamePattern>${DEV_HOME}/archived/app.%d{yyyy-MM-dd}.%i.log
        </fileNamePattern>
        <timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy
            class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.SizeAndTimeBasedFNATP">
            <maxFileSize>10MB</maxFileSize>
        </timeBasedFileNamingAndTriggeringPolicy>
    </rollingPolicy>
</appender>

<logger name="com.abc.xyz" level="DEBUG" additivity="true">
    <appender-ref ref="FILE-DEBUG" />
    <appender-ref ref="FILE-INFO" />
    <appender-ref ref="FILE-ERROR" />
    <appender-ref ref="FILE-ALL" />
</logger>

<root level="INFO">
    <appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
</root>

Answer 11

如何将“INFO”或更高级别的彩色消息输出到控制台以及级别为“WARN”或更高级别的消息输出到文件的示例。

您的 logback.xml 文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<configuration>
    <include resource="org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/defaults.xml"/>

    <appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
        <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.LevelFilter">
            <level>INFO</level>

            <!--output messages of exact level only-->
            <!--<onMatch>ACCEPT</onMatch>-->
            <!--<onMismatch>DENY</onMismatch>-->
        </filter>
        <encoder>
            <pattern>%d{yyyy-MMM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %highlight(%-5level) %cyan(%logger{15}) - %msg %n
            </pattern>
        </encoder>
    </appender>

    <appender name="FILE" class="ch.qos.logback.core.FileAppender">
        <file>myfile.log</file>
        <filter class="ch.qos.logback.classic.filter.ThresholdFilter">
            <level>WARN</level>
        </filter>
        <append>true</append>
        <encoder>
            <pattern>%d{yyyy-MMM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} %-5level [%thread] %logger{15} - %msg%n</pattern>
        </encoder>
    </appender>

    <root level="INFO">
        <appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
        <appender-ref ref="FILE"/>
    </root>
</configuration>