Question

这是我第一次尝试XML，但是我完全无法验证xml。验证DTD，但不验证XML。我不知道ID和IDREF部分。有人可以告诉我如何解决此问题，因为当我尝试验证时，不断收到错误“元素类型必须声明”，特别是对于medID和docID。

这是XML

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<!DOCTYPE patient_list SYSTEM "patients.dtd">
<patient_list>
<patient serialNo="a1b2c3">
<patientFName>Jon</patientFName>
<patientLName>Won</patientLName>
<gender>male</gender>
<medID IDREF="M1"/>
<docID IDREF="D37"/>
</patient>

<patient serialNo="k4t5g2">
<patientFName>Min</patientFName>
<patientLName>Hin</patientLName>
<gender>female</gender>
<medID IDREF="M2"/>
<docID IDREF="D21"/>
</patient>

<medicine medID="M1">
<name>Panadol</name>
<manufacture>GSK</manufacture>
<regNo>oo9807</regNo>
</medicine>

<medicine medID="M2">
<name>Alprazolam</name>
<manufacture>Novartis</manufacture>
<regNo>hu5432</regNo>
</medicine>

<doctor docID="D21">
<registration ID="8472392"/>
<fName>Alfred</fName>
<lName>Campbell</lName>
<specialisation>Paediatrics</specialisation>
</doctor>

<doctor docID="D37">
<registration ID="4364786"/>
<fName>Mick</fName>
<lName>Foley</lName>
<specialisation>Psychiatry</specialisation>
</doctor>
</patient_list>

这是DTD：

<!ELEMENT patient_list (patient+, medicine+, doctor+)>
<!ELEMENT patient (patientFName, patientLName, gender)>
<!ATTLIST patient serialNo CDATA #REQUIRED>
<!ELEMENT patientFName (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT patientLName (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT gender (#PCDATA)>

<!ATTLIST medicine medID ID #REQUIRED>
<!ATTLIST doctor docID ID #REQUIRED>

<!ELEMENT medicine (name, manufacture, regNo)>
<!ELEMENT name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT manufacture (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT regNo (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT doctor (registration, fName, lName, specialisation)>
<!ELEMENT registration (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST registration ID CDATA #REQUIRED>
<!ELEMENT fName (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT lName (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT specialisation (#PCDATA)>

Answer 1

我认为medID上的medicine和docID上的doctor的属性很好。它们都被声明为属性类型ID。

我认为问题出在哪里，是当您尝试使用medID和docID作为元素而不声明它们时。不要使用与medID和docID属性相同的名称，而是使用诸如medref和docref之类的不同名称。

也需要声明属性IDREF，但是IDREF是另一种属性类型，因此您应将属性命名为refid之类。

完整示例...

XML

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<!DOCTYPE patient_list SYSTEM "patients.dtd">
<patient_list>
    <patient serialNo="a1b2c3">
        <patientFName>Jon</patientFName>
        <patientLName>Won</patientLName>
        <gender>male</gender>
        <medref refid="M1"/>
        <docref refid="D37"/>
    </patient>

    <patient serialNo="k4t5g2">
        <patientFName>Min</patientFName>
        <patientLName>Hin</patientLName>
        <gender>female</gender>
        <medref refid="M2"/>
        <docref refid="D21"/>
    </patient>

    <medicine medID="M1">
        <name>Panadol</name>
        <manufacture>GSK</manufacture>
        <regNo>oo9807</regNo>
    </medicine>

    <medicine medID="M2">
        <name>Alprazolam</name>
        <manufacture>Novartis</manufacture>
        <regNo>hu5432</regNo>
    </medicine>

    <doctor docID="D21">
        <registration ID="8472392"/>
        <fName>Alfred</fName>
        <lName>Campbell</lName>
        <specialisation>Paediatrics</specialisation>
    </doctor>

    <doctor docID="D37">
        <registration ID="4364786"/>
        <fName>Mick</fName>
        <lName>Foley</lName>
        <specialisation>Psychiatry</specialisation>
    </doctor>
</patient_list>

DTD

<!ELEMENT patient_list (patient+, medicine+, doctor+)>
<!ELEMENT patient (patientFName, patientLName, gender, medref*, docref*)>
<!ATTLIST patient serialNo CDATA #REQUIRED>
<!ELEMENT patientFName (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT patientLName (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT gender (#PCDATA)>

<!ATTLIST medicine medID ID #REQUIRED>
<!ATTLIST doctor docID ID #REQUIRED>

<!ELEMENT medref EMPTY>
<!ATTLIST medref refid IDREF #REQUIRED>

<!ELEMENT docref EMPTY>
<!ATTLIST docref refid IDREF #REQUIRED>

<!ELEMENT medicine (name, manufacture, regNo)>
<!ELEMENT name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT manufacture (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT regNo (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT doctor (registration, fName, lName, specialisation)>
<!ELEMENT registration (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST registration ID CDATA #REQUIRED>
<!ELEMENT fName (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT lName (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT specialisation (#PCDATA)>

XML和DTD中的ID和IDREF配置

1 个答案: