每个关系约束只有一个活动

时间:2019-06-13 18:57:58

标签: sql oracle constraints

所以我的作业遇到了这个问题。 我有两个实体:Order,Gifr_cupon。 我有两个表:Orders,Gift_Cupons。

每个订单可以有很多勋章,也可以没有。每个Cupon均无订单或单订单。但是每个订单只能激活一个cupon。

如何通过约束来强制执行此操作?

在这里使用DDL进行逻辑视图和ER视图:

enter image description here enter image description here DLL:

CREATE TABLE gift_cupons (
cupon_id         INTEGER NOT NULL,
order_order_id   INTEGER,
active           INTEGER NOT NULL
);

ALTER TABLE gift_cupons ADD CONSTRAINT gift_cupon_pk PRIMARY KEY ( cupon_id 
);
ALTER TABLE gift_cupons ADD CHECK gift_cupon_check CHECK(active IS NULL OR ( active >= 0 AND active <=1 ) );

CREATE TABLE orders (
order_id INTEGER NOT NULL
);

ALTER TABLE orders ADD CONSTRAINT order_pk PRIMARY KEY ( order_id );

ALTER TABLE gift_cupons
ADD CONSTRAINT gift_cupon_order_fk FOREIGN KEY ( order_order_id )
    REFERENCES orders ( order_id );

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

种类

Cupon - is bound to -> Order;
Order - has active -> Cupon;

Cupon (
Id PK,
orderId FK Order.Id,
Unique ( Id, orderId) -- any superset  of PK is unique
);

Order (
Id PK
ActiveCuponId,
(Id, ActiveCuponId) FK Cupon( OrderId, Id)
);

请参见小提琴https://dbfiddle.uk/?rdbms=sqlserver_2017&fiddle=596b30905d02a9e5c799b16da5fff5ab

答案 1 :(得分:1)

ACTIVE表中删除gift_cupons列,并用orders表中的外键替换此状态,如:

CREATE TABLE gift_cupons (
cupon_id         INTEGER NOT NULL,
order_order_id   INTEGER,
);

ALTER TABLE gift_cupons ADD CONSTRAINT gift_cupon_pk PRIMARY KEY ( cupon_id 
);

CREATE TABLE orders (
order_id INTEGER NOT NULL
active_cupon INTEGER -- nullable
);

ALTER TABLE orders ADD CONSTRAINT order_pk PRIMARY KEY ( order_id );

ALTER TABLE gift_cupons
ADD CONSTRAINT gift_cupon_order_fk FOREIGN KEY ( order_order_id )
    REFERENCES orders ( order_id );

alter table orders
add constraint order_active_cupon_fk foreign key (active_cupon)
    references gift_cupons (cupon_id);