SQL-插入特定值的查找语句

时间：2019-06-18 10:39:19

标签： sql oracle triggers

我正在使用一个Oracle数据库，同时通过Oracle SQL Developer和R与它进行交互。该数据库在多个人之间共享，但是由于某些公司规则，我们所有人都使用同一用户与其进行交互。 / p>

在我们的一张表中，我们发现一种奇怪的行为，就是不断插入一行而没有我们知道的任何顺序。

说，在表1上，有时会创建一行名称> =“ Test”的行，创建的行超过8K次，我们无法弄清为什么会这样。

我想做的是创建某种自动（触发）功能，当在Table1上插入Name =“ Test”的行时，保存执行该操作的查询和日期/时间。

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分：3)

在搜索期间是否有存档日志。您必须使用实用程序LogMiner。示例1。

EXECUTE DBMS_LOGMNR.add_logfile(LOGFILENAME => '/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2/admin/edcu/arc_redo_log/1_39306_769799469.dbf', OPTIONS => DBMS_LOGMNR.NEW); 
EXECUTE DBMS_LOGMNR.add_logfile(LOGFILENAME => '/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2/admin/edcu/arc_redo_log/1_39307_769799469.dbf', OPTIONS => DBMS_LOGMNR.addfile); 
EXECUTE DBMS_LOGMNR.add_logfile(LOGFILENAME => '/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2/admin/edcu/arc_redo_log/1_39308_769799469.dbf', OPTIONS => DBMS_LOGMNR.addfile); 
EXECUTE DBMS_LOGMNR.add_logfile(LOGFILENAME => '/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2/admin/edcu/arc_redo_log/1_39309_769799469.dbf', OPTIONS => DBMS_LOGMNR.addfile); 
EXECUTE DBMS_LOGMNR.START_LOGMNR(OPTIONS => DBMS_LOGMNR.DICT_FROM_ONLINE_CATALOG);

SELECT 
to_char(timestamp,'DD-MM-YYYY HH24:MI:SS'),
operation,username,  
os_username,
machine_name,
session_info,
sql_redo

 FROM v$logmnr_contents
where 
seg_owner='MANAGER' and  seg_name='TEST2'

14-12-2017 09:40:20 DDL     MANAGER DeminDV KRW\IVC-PTK-DEMIN   login_username=MANAGER client_info= OS_username=DeminDV Machine_name=KRW\IVC-PTK-DEMIN  create table test2 (p1 number);
14-12-2017 09:40:47 INSERT  MANAGER DeminDV KRW\IVC-PTK-DEMIN   login_username=MANAGER client_info= OS_username=DeminDV Machine_name=KRW\IVC-PTK-DEMIN  insert into "MANAGER"."TEST2"("COL 1") values (HEXTORAW('c117'));
14-12-2017 09:40:53 INSERT  MANAGER DeminDV KRW\IVC-PTK-DEMIN   login_username=MANAGER client_info= OS_username=DeminDV Machine_name=KRW\IVC-PTK-DEMIN  insert into "MANAGER"."TEST2"("COL 1") values (HEXTORAW('c119'));
14-12-2017 09:40:57 INSERT  MANAGER DeminDV KRW\IVC-PTK-DEMIN   login_username=MANAGER client_info= OS_username=DeminDV Machine_name=KRW\IVC-PTK-DEMIN  insert into "MANAGER"."TEST2"("COL 1") values (HEXTORAW('c137'));
14-12-2017 09:41:01 INSERT  MANAGER DeminDV KRW\IVC-PTK-DEMIN   login_username=MANAGER client_info= OS_username=DeminDV Machine_name=KRW\IVC-PTK-DEMIN  insert into "MANAGER"."TEST2"("COL 1") values (HEXTORAW('c20219'));
14-12-2017 09:41:45 DDL     MANAGER DeminDV KRW\IVC-PTK-DEMIN   login_username=MANAGER client_info= OS_username=DeminDV Machine_name=KRW\IVC-PTK-DEMIN  alter table test2 add (p2 varchar2(200));
14-12-2017 09:42:12 INSERT  MANAGER DeminDV KRW\IVC-PTK-DEMIN   login_username=MANAGER client_info= OS_username=DeminDV Machine_name=KRW\IVC-PTK-DEMIN  insert into "MANAGER"."TEST2"("COL 1","COL 2") values (HEXTORAW('c20219'),HEXTORAW('746573743220746573743120'));
14-12-2017 09:42:24 INSERT  MANAGER DeminDV KRW\IVC-PTK-DEMIN   login_username=MANAGER client_info= OS_username=DeminDV Machine_name=KRW\IVC-PTK-DEMIN  insert into "MANAGER"."TEST2"("COL 1","COL 2") values (HEXTORAW('c2021a'),HEXTORAW('746573743420746573743420'));
14-12-2017 09:46:24 INSERT  MANAGER DeminDV KRW\IVC-PTK-DEMIN   login_username=MANAGER client_info= OS_username=DeminDV Machine_name=KRW\IVC-PTK-DEMIN  insert into "MANAGER"."TEST2"("COL 1","COL 2") values (HEXTORAW('c2021a'),HEXTORAW('746573743420746573743420'));
14-12-2017 09:46:25 INSERT  MANAGER DeminDV KRW\IVC-PTK-DEMIN   login_username=MANAGER client_info= OS_username=DeminDV Machine_name=KRW\IVC-PTK-DEMIN  insert into "MANAGER"."TEST2"("COL 1","COL 2") values (HEXTORAW('c2021a'),HEXTORAW('746573743420746573743420'));
14-12-2017 09:46:26 INSERT  MANAGER DeminDV KRW\IVC-PTK-DEMIN   login_username=MANAGER client_info= OS_username=DeminDV Machine_name=KRW\IVC-PTK-DEMIN  insert into "MANAGER"."TEST2"("COL 1","COL 2") values (HEXTORAW('c2021a'),HEXTORAW('746573743420746573743420'));
14-12-2017 09:46:27 INSERT  MANAGER DeminDV KRW\IVC-PTK-DEMIN   login_username=MANAGER client_info= OS_username=DeminDV Machine_name=KRW\IVC-PTK-DEMIN  insert into "MANAGER"."TEST2"("COL 1","COL 2") values (HEXTORAW('c2021a'),HEXTORAW('746573743420746573743420'));
14-12-2017 09:46:28 INSERT  MANAGER DeminDV KRW\IVC-PTK-DEMIN   login_username=MANAGER client_info= OS_username=DeminDV Machine_name=KRW\IVC-PTK-DEMIN  insert into "MANAGER"."TEST2"("COL 1","COL 2") values (HEXTORAW('c2021a'),HEXTORAW('746573743420746573743420'));
14-12-2017 09:54:37 DDL     MANAGER DeminDV KRW\IVC-PTK-DEMIN   login_username=MANAGER client_info= OS_username=DeminDV Machine_name=KRW\IVC-PTK-DEMIN   comment on table test2 is  'test';
14-12-2017 10:16:36 DDL     MANAGER DeminDV KRW\IVC-PTK-DEMIN   login_username=MANAGER client_info= OS_username=DeminDV Machine_name=KRW\IVC-PTK-DEMIN  alter table test2 add  (p3 varchar2(100));
14-12-2017 10:17:07 INSERT  MANAGER DeminDV KRW\IVC-PTK-DEMIN   login_username=MANAGER client_info= OS_username=DeminDV Machine_name=KRW\IVC-PTK-DEMIN  insert into "MANAGER"."TEST2"("P1","P2","P3") values ('125','test6','test4 ');
14-12-2017 10:17:08 INSERT  MANAGER DeminDV KRW\IVC-PTK-DEMIN   login_username=MANAGER client_info= OS_username=DeminDV Machine_name=KRW\IVC-PTK-DEMIN  insert into "MANAGER"."TEST2"("P1","P2","P3") values ('125','test6','test4 ');
'

示例2。使用闪回功能

   update manager.test2 set p2='test10' where p1=125;
    commit;

    SELECT versions_xid XID, versions_startscn START_SCN,
      versions_endscn END_SCN, versions_operation OPERATION,
      p1, p2, p3 FROM manager.test2
    VERSIONS BETWEEN SCN MINVALUE AND MAXVALUE;

XID                                         START_SCN           END_SCN       OPERATION       P1     P2     P3                                                                                                   
---------------------- ------------------------ ---------------------- --------------- ---------- -------- ------
08000E000DD70900        1374388524564                                                 U          125 test10   test4                                                                                                
08000E000DD70900        1374388524564                                                 U          125 test10   test4                                                                                                
08000E000DD70900        1374388524564                                                 U          125 test10                                                                                                            
08000E000DD70900        1374388524564                                                 U          125 test10                                                                                                                       
                                                               1374388524564                     125 test4 test4    
                                                               1374388524564                     125 test4 test4    
                                                               1374388524564                     125 test6 test4 
                                                               1374388524564                     125 test6 test4      



            SELECT  xid, start_scn , commit_scn COMMIT,operation OP, logon_user ,undo_sql FROM flashback_transaction_query
                   WHERE xid = HEXTORAW('08000E000DD70900');

    XID                      START_SCN  COMMIT                OP    LOGON_USER                           UNDO_SQL                                                                                             
-------------------------------- -------------------------------- -------------------------------------- --------------------------------- ------------------------------------                                                        
        08000E000DD70900    1374388524537   1374388524564   UPDATE  MANAGER update "MANAGER"."TEST2" set "P2" = 'test6' where ROWID = 'AAA2wgAAbAAAAEsAAM';
        08000E000DD70900    1374388524537   1374388524564   UPDATE  MANAGER update "MANAGER"."TEST2" set "P2" = 'test6' where ROWID = 'AAA2wgAAbAAAAEsAAL';
        08000E000DD70900    1374388524537   1374388524564   UPDATE  MANAGER update "MANAGER"."TEST2" set "P2" = 'test4 test4 ' where ROWID = 'AAA2wgAAbAAAAEsAAK';
        08000E000DD70900    1374388524537   1374388524564   UPDATE  MANAGER update "MANAGER"."TEST2" set "P2" = 'test4 test4 ' where ROWID = 'AAA2wgAAbAAAAEsAAJ';
        08000E000DD70900    1374388524537   1374388524564   UPDATE  MANAGER update "MANAGER"."TEST2" set "P2" = 'test4 test4 ' where ROWID = 'AAA2wgAAbAAAAEsAAI';
        08000E000DD70900    1374388524537   1374388524564   UPDATE  MANAGER update "MANAGER"."TEST2" set "P2" = 'test4 test4 ' where ROWID = 'AAA2wgAAbAAAAEsAAH';
        08000E000DD70900    1374388524537   1374388524564   UPDATE  MANAGER update "MANAGER"."TEST2" set "P2" = 'test4 test4 ' where ROWID = 'AAA2wgAAbAAAAEsAAG';
        08000E000DD70900    1374388524537   1374388524564   UPDATE  MANAGER update "MANAGER"."TEST2" set "P2" = 'test4 test4 ' where ROWID = 'AAA2wgAAbAAAAEsAAF';
        08000E000DD70900    1374388524537   1374388524564   BEGIN   MANAGER

答案 1 :(得分：3)

您可以使用oracle的 audit 功能。

-- to start auditing on table
AUDIT INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON <Schemaname>.<tablename> BY ACCESS WHENEVER SUCCESSFUL;

-- after auditing is started, execute below query to get the audit data
-- Modify the where condition according to your need
SELECT
    OS_USER,
    USERHOST,
    DB_USER,
    TO_CHAR(EXTENDED_TIMESTAMP, 'DD-MON-RRRR HHAM:MI:SS'),
    OBJECT_SCHEMA,
    OBJECT_NAME,
    STATEMENT_TYPE,
    SQL_TEXT,
    SQL_BIND
FROM
    DBA_COMMON_AUDIT_TRAIL
WHERE OBJECT_SCHEMA = <Schemaname>
  AND OBJECT_NAME = <tablename>
ORDER BY
    4 DESC;

可以使用以下参数在数据库级别设置审核选项：

AUDIT_TRAIL = {NONE或FALSE |操作系统| DB或TRUE | DB_EXTENDED | XML | XML_EXTENDED}

以下列表提供了每个值的说明：

  • NONE或FALSE->审核被禁用。默认为Oracle 10g。
  • DB或TRUE->启用审核，所有审核记录存储在数据库审核记录（AUD $）中。 Oracle 11g中的默认值。
  • DB_EXTENDED –>与DB相同，但是也填充了SQL_BIND和SQL_TEXT列。
  • XML->审核已启用，所有审核记录都存储为XML格式的OS文件。
  • XML_EXTENDED –>与XML相同，但是也会填充SQL_BIND和SQL_TEXT列。
  • 操作系统->启用审核，所有审核记录均指向由AUDIT_FILE_DEST指定的操作系统文件。

希望，这对您有用。

干杯！

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