如何实时更新文本块?

时间:2019-07-10 18:28:16

标签: c# wpf mvvm-light

我正在使用MVVM Light框架进行项目。
我有MainViewModel,它可以帮助我在视图模型之间导航。我有GoBack和GoTo方法。他们正在改变CurrentViewModel。

private RelayCommand<string> _goTo;
public RelayCommand<string> GoTo
        {
            get
            {
                return _goTo
                    ?? (_goTo = new RelayCommand<string>(view
                     =>
                    {
                        SwitchView(view);
                    }));
            }
        }
 private void SwitchView(string name)
        {
            switch (name)
            {
                case "login":
                    User = null;
                    CurrentViewModel = new LoginViewModel();
                    break;
                case "menu":
                    CurrentViewModel = new MenuViewModel();
                    break;
                case "order":
                    CurrentViewModel = new OrderViewModel();
                    break;
            }

在MainWindow中,有内容控件和数据模板。

[...]
 <DataTemplate DataType="{x:Type vm:LoginViewModel}">
            <view:Login/>
        </DataTemplate>
        <DataTemplate DataType="{x:Type vm:MenuViewModel}">
            <view:Menu/>
        </DataTemplate>
[...]

<ContentControl VerticalAlignment="Top" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch" 
                            Content="{Binding CurrentViewModel}" IsTabStop="false"/>

在我的OrderView(它是UserControl)中,我有一个文本块,其中应显示订单的TotalPrice。

<TextBlock Text="{Binding AddOrderView.TotalPrice}"  Padding="0 2 0 0" FontSize="20" FontWeight="Bold" HorizontalAlignment="Right"/>

OrderViewModel具有属性TotalPrice,并且效果很好。当我调试时,我看到它已经更改,但是在我的视图中什么也没发生。

        private decimal _totalPrice;
        public decimal TotalPrice
        {
            get
            {
                _totalPrice = 0;
                foreach (var item in Products)
                {
                    item.total_price = item.amount * item.price;
                    _totalPrice += item.price * item.amount;
                }
                return _totalPrice;
            }
            set
            {
                if (_totalPrice == value)
                    return;
                _totalPrice = value;
                RaisePropertyChanged("TotalPrice");
            }
        }

OrderViewModel继承自BaseViewModel,它实现了INotifyPropertyChanged。

为什么我的文本块不更新/刷新?该怎么做?

当我使用后退按钮更改视图并再次转到OrderView时,我看到了更改!

我花了几天时间寻找解决方案,但没有任何帮助。

https://i.stack.imgur.com/K8lip.gif

因此,看起来好像在设置View时,没有重新加载就无法更改它。我不知道它是如何工作的。

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

您不应在属性的getter或setter方法中进行计算或进行任何耗时的操作。这会大大降低性能。如果计算或操作很耗时,则应在后台线程中执行它,并在PropertyChanged完成后引发Task事件。这样,调用属性的getter或setter不会冻结UI。

您观察到的行为的解释:
单独使用属性 getter 而不是setter更改属性值的副作用是,新值不会传播到绑定目​​标。仅在发生PropertyChanged事件时,绑定才会调用getter。因此,在getter中进行计算不会触发绑定刷新。现在,当重新加载页面时,所有绑定都将初始化绑定目标,并因此调用属性getter。

您必须设置TotalPrice属性(而不是后备字段)才能触发绑定目标的刷新。但是,正如您已经经历过的那样,在系统中引发一个属性的PropertyChanged事件 相同的吸气剂将导致无限循环,因此将导致StackOverflowException
同样,只要访问属性的getter,即使在TotalPrice不变的情况下,也将始终执行计算。

TotalPrice的值取决于Products属性。为了最大程度地减少TotalPrice计算的发生,请仅在Products更改时进行计算:

OrderViewModel.cs

public class OrderViewModel : ViewModelBase
{
  private decimal _totalPrice;
  public decimal TotalPrice
  {
    get => this._totalPrice;
    set
    {
      if (this._totalPrice == value)
        return;
      this._totalPrice = value;

      RaisePropertyChanged();
    }
  }

  private ObservableCollection<Product> _products;
  public ObservableCollection<Product> Products
  {
    get => this._products;
    set
    {    
      if (this.Products == value)
        return;

      if (this.Products != null)
      {
        this.Products.CollectionChanged -= OnCollectionChanged;
        UnsubscribeFromItemsPropertyChanged(this.Products);
      }

      this._products = value;

      this.Products.CollectionChanged += OnCollectionChanged;
      if (this.Products.Any())
      {
        SubscribeToItemsPropertyChanged(this.Products);
      }

      RaisePropertyChanged();
    }
  }

  private void OnCollectionChanged(object sender, NotifyCollectionChangedEventArgs e)
  {
    if (!e.Action.Equals(NotifyCollectionChangedAction.Move))
    {
      UnsubscribeFromItemsPropertyChanged(e.OldItems);
      SubscribeToItemsPropertyChanged(e.NewItems);
    }

    CalculateTotalPrice();
  }

  private void ProductChanged(object sender, PropertyChangedEventArgs e) => CalculateTotalPrice();

  private void SubscribeToItemsPropertyChanged(IList newItems) => newItems?.OfType<INotifyPropertyChanged>().ToList().ForEach((item => item.PropertyChanged += ProductChanged));

  private void UnsubscribeFromItemsPropertyChanged(IEnumerable oldItems) => oldItems?.OfType<INotifyPropertyChanged>().ToList().ForEach((item => item.PropertyChanged -= ProductChanged));

  private void CalculateTotalPrice() => this.TotalPrice = this.Products.Sum(item => item.total_price);

  private void GetProducts()
  {
    using (var context = new mainEntities())
    {
      var result = context.product.Include(c => c.brand);
      this.Products = new ObservableCollection<Product>(
        result.Select(item => new Product(item.name, item.mass, item.ean, item.brand.name, item.price)));
    }
  }

  public void ResetOrder()
  {
    this.Products
      .ToList()
      .ForEach(product => product.Reset());
    this.TotalPrice = 0;
  }

  public OrderViewModel()
  {
    SetView("Dodaj zamówienie");
    GetProducts();
  }
}

还要确保ProductProducts集合中的项目)也实现INotifyPropertyChanged。这将确保在Products.CollectionChanged属性更改时引发Product事件。

要解决页面切换行为,您必须修改MainViewModel类:

MainViewModel.cs

public class MainViewModel : ViewModelBase
{
  // The page viewmodels  
  private Dictionary<string, ViewModelBase> PageViewModels { get; set; }
  public Stack<string> ViewsQueue;

  public MainViewModel()
  {
    User = new User(1, "login", "name", "surname", 1, 1, 1);

    this.PageViewModels = new Dictionary<string, ViewModelBase>()
    {
      {"login", new LoginViewModel()},
      {"menu", new MenuViewModel()},
      {"order", new OrderViewModel()},
      {"clients", new ClientsViewModel(User)}
    };

    this.CurrentViewModel = this.PageViewModels["login"];

    this.ViewsQueue = new Stack<string>();
    this.ViewsQueue.Push("login");

    Messenger.Default.Register<NavigateTo>(
      this,
      (message) =>
      {
        try
        {
          ViewsQueue.Push(message.Name);
          if (message.user != null) User = message.user;
          SwitchView(message.Name);
        }
        catch (System.InvalidOperationException e)
        {
        }
      });

    Messenger.Default.Register<GoBack>(
      this,
      (message) =>
      {
        try
        {
          ViewsQueue.Pop();
          SwitchView(ViewsQueue.Peek());
        }
        catch (System.InvalidOperationException e)
        {
        }
      });
  }

  public RelayCommand<string> GoTo => new RelayCommand<string>(
    viewName =>
    {
      ViewsQueue.Push(viewName);
      SwitchView(viewName);
    });


  protected void SwitchView(string name)
  {
    if (this.PageViewModels.TryGetValue(name, out ViewModelBase nextPageViewModel))
    {
      if (nextPageViewModel is OrderViewModel orderViewModel)
        orderViewModel.ResetOrder();

      this.CurrentViewModel = nextPageViewModel;
    }
  }
}

您修改后的Product.cs

public class Product : ViewModelBase
{
  public long id { get; set; }
  public string name { get; set; }
  public decimal mass { get; set; }
  public long ean { get; set; }
  public long brand_id { get; set; }
  public string img_source { get; set; }
  public string brand_name { get; set; }

  private decimal _price;
  public decimal price
  {
    get => this._price;
    set
    {
      if (this._price == value)
        return;

      this._price = value;
      OnPriceChanged();
      RaisePropertyChanged();
    }
  }

  private long _amount;
  public long amount
  {
    get => this._amount;
    set
    {
      if (this._amount == value)
        return;

      this._amount = value;
      OnAmountChanged();
      RaisePropertyChanged();
    }
  }

  private decimal _total_price;
  public decimal total_price
  {
    get => this._total_price;
    set
    {
      if (this._total_price == value)
        return;

      this._total_price = value;
      RaisePropertyChanged();
    }
  }

  public Product(long id, string name, decimal mass, long ean, long brandId, decimal price, string imgSource)
  {
    this.id = id;
    this.name = name;
    this.mass = mass;
    this.ean = ean;
    this.brand_id = brandId;
    this.price = price;
    this.img_source = imgSource;
  }

  public Product(string name, decimal mass, long ean, string brandName, decimal price)
  {
    this.id = this.id;
    this.name = name;
    this.mass = mass;
    this.ean = ean;
    this.brand_name = brandName;
    this.price = price;
  }

  public void Reset()
  {
    // Resetting the `amount` will trigger recalculation of `total_price`
    this.amount = 0;
  }

  protected virtual void OnAmountChanged()
  {
    CalculateTotalPrice();
  }

  private void OnPriceChanged()
  {
    CalculateTotalPrice();
  }

  private void CalculateTotalPrice()
  {
    this.total_price = this.price * this.amount;
  }
}

问题在于,切换到页面时,您始终创建了新的视图模型。当然,所有先前的页面信息都会丢失。您必须重用相同的视图模型实例。为此,只需将它们存储在专用的私有属性中,即可在构造函数中初始化一次。

答案 1 :(得分:-1)

它没有更新,因为您只在设置器中调用RaisePropertyChanged("TotalPrice");。而在您的getter中是计算。因此,无论何时更改Products属性或Products集合的内容,都还需要调用RaisePropertyChanged("TotalPrice");来通知视图TotalPrice已被更新。

因此,如果您更改了item.amount或item.price中的任何一个,或者从Products列表中添加或删除了商品,则还需要致电。 RaisePropertyChanged("TotalPrice");

例如:

Products.Add(item);
RaisePropertyChanged("TotalPrice"); //This will tell you're View to check for the new value from TotalPrice