需要一个最小的Django文件上传示例

时间:2011-05-03 15:17:06

标签: django file upload

作为Django的新手,我在Django 1.3中制作上传应用程序时遇到了困难。我找不到任何最新的示例/代码段。可能有人发布了一个最小但完整的(模型,视图,模板)示例代码吗?

9 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:65)

一般来说,当你试图“只是得到一个有效的例子”时,最好“开始编写代码”。这里没有任何代码可以帮助您,因此它可以让我们更多地回答这个问题。

如果你想获取一个文件,你需要在某个地方的html文件中使用这样的东西:

<form method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    <input type="file" name="myfile" />
    <input type="submit" name="submit" value="Upload" />
</form>

这将为您提供浏览按钮,启动操作的上传按钮(提交表单)并记下enctype以便Django知道给您request.FILES

在视图某处,您可以使用

访问该文件
def myview(request):
    request.FILES['myfile'] # this is my file

file upload docs

中有大量信息

我建议您彻底阅读该页面并开始编写代码 - 然后在不起作用的情况下返回示例和堆栈跟踪。

答案 1 :(得分:62)

Demo

Akseli Palén's answer的更新。请参阅github repo,使用Django 2

最小的Django文件上传示例

1。创建一个django项目

运行startproject ::

$ django-admin.py startproject sample

现在创建了一个文件夹(示例)::

sample/
  manage.py
  sample/
    __init__.py
    settings.py
    urls.py
    wsgi.py 

2。创建一个应用

创建一个app ::

$ cd sample
$ python manage.py startapp uploader

现在创建了一个包含这些文件的文件夹(uploader)::

uploader/
  __init__.py
  admin.py
  app.py
  models.py
  tests.py
  views.py
  migrations/
    __init__.py

3。更新settings.py

sample/settings.py上将'uploader.apps.UploaderConfig'添加到INSTALLED_APPS并添加MEDIA_ROOTMEDIA_URL,即::

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    ...<other apps>...
    'uploader.apps.UploaderConfig',
]

MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'

4。更新urls.py

sample/urls.py添加::

中的

...<other imports>...
from django.conf import settings
from django.conf.urls.static import static
from uploader import views as uploader_views

urlpatterns = [
    ...<other url patterns>...
    path('', uploader_views.home, name='imageupload'),
]+ static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)

5。更新models.py

更新uploader/models.py ::

from django.db import models
from django.forms import ModelForm

class Upload(models.Model):
    pic = models.FileField(upload_to="images/")    
    upload_date=models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add =True)

# FileUpload form class.
class UploadForm(ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = Upload
        fields = ('pic',)

6。更新views.py

更新uploader/views.py ::

from django.shortcuts import render
from uploader.models import UploadForm,Upload
from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect
from django.urls import reverse
# Create your views here.
def home(request):
    if request.method=="POST":
        img = UploadForm(request.POST, request.FILES)       
        if img.is_valid():
            img.save()  
            return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('imageupload'))
    else:
        img=UploadForm()
    images=Upload.objects.all().order_by('-upload_date')
    return render(request,'home.html',{'form':img,'images':images})

7。创建模板

在文件夹上传器中创建文件夹模板,然后创建文件 home.html ,即sample/uploader/templates/home.html ::

<div style="padding:40px;margin:40px;border:1px solid #ccc">
    <h1>picture</h1>
    <form action="#" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
        {% csrf_token %} {{form}} 
        <input type="submit" value="Upload" />
    </form>
    {% for img in images %}
        {{forloop.counter}}.<a href="{{ img.pic.url }}">{{ img.pic.name }}</a>
        ({{img.upload_date}})<hr />
    {% endfor %}
</div>

8。同步数据库

Syncronize数据库和runserver ::

$ python manage.py makemigrations
$ python manage.py migrate
$ python manage.py runserver

访问http://localhost.com:8000

答案 2 :(得分:27)

我必须说我发现django的文档令人困惑。 另外,对于最简单的例子,为什么要提到表格? 我在views.py中工作的例子是: -

for key, file in request.FILES.items():
    path = file.name
    dest = open(path, 'w')
    if file.multiple_chunks:
        for c in file.chunks():
            dest.write(c)
    else:
        dest.write(file.read())
    dest.close()

html文件看起来像下面的代码,虽然这个例子只上传了一个文件,保存文件的代码处理了很多: -

<form action="/upload_file/" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">{% csrf_token %}
<label for="file">Filename:</label>
<input type="file" name="file" id="file" />
<br />
<input type="submit" name="submit" value="Submit" />
</form>

这些例子不是我的代码,它们来自我发现的另外两个例子。 我是django的初学者,所以我很可能错过了一些关键点。

答案 3 :(得分:16)

Henry's example上展开:

import tempfile
import shutil

FILE_UPLOAD_DIR = '/home/imran/uploads'

def handle_uploaded_file(source):
    fd, filepath = tempfile.mkstemp(prefix=source.name, dir=FILE_UPLOAD_DIR)
    with open(filepath, 'wb') as dest:
        shutil.copyfileobj(source, dest)
    return filepath

您可以使用上传的文件对象在视图中调用此handle_uploaded_file函数。这将在文件系统中使用唯一名称(带有原始上载文件的文件名)保存文件,并返回已保存文件的完整路径。您可以将路径保存在数据库中,稍后对该文件执行某些操作。

答案 4 :(得分:15)

我也有类似的要求。网上的大多数例子都要求创建模型并创建我不想使用的表单。这是我的最终代码。

if request.method == 'POST':
    file1 = request.FILES['file']
    contentOfFile = file1.read()
    if file1:
        return render(request, 'blogapp/Statistics.html', {'file': file1, 'contentOfFile': contentOfFile})

在HTML中上传我写道:

{% block content %}
    <h1>File content</h1>
    <form action="{% url 'blogapp:uploadComplete'%}" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
         {% csrf_token %}
        <input id="uploadbutton" type="file" value="Browse" name="file" accept="text/csv" />
        <input type="submit" value="Upload" />
    </form>
    {% endblock %}

以下是显示文件内容的HTML:

{% block content %}
    <h3>File uploaded successfully</h3>
    {{file.name}}
    </br>content = {{contentOfFile}}
{% endblock %}

答案 5 :(得分:11)

这可能对您有所帮助:  在models.py中创建一个文件字段

上传文件(在您的admin.py中):

def save_model(self, request, obj, form, change):
    url = "http://img.youtube.com/vi/%s/hqdefault.jpg" %(obj.video)
    url = str(url)

    if url:
        temp_img = NamedTemporaryFile(delete=True)
        temp_img.write(urllib2.urlopen(url).read())
        temp_img.flush()
        filename_img = urlparse(url).path.split('/')[-1]
        obj.image.save(filename_img,File(temp_img)

并在模板中使用该字段。

答案 6 :(得分:10)

您可以参考具有django版本的Fine Uploader中的服务器示例。 https://github.com/FineUploader/server-examples/tree/master/python/django-fine-uploader

它非常优雅,最重要的是,它提供了特色的js lib。模板不包含在服务器示例中,但您可以在其网站上找到演示。 精细上传者:http://fineuploader.com/demos.html

Django的细载

<强> views.py

UploadView将发布和删除请求分派给各个处理程序。

class UploadView(View):

    @csrf_exempt
    def dispatch(self, *args, **kwargs):
        return super(UploadView, self).dispatch(*args, **kwargs)

    def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        """A POST request. Validate the form and then handle the upload
        based ont the POSTed data. Does not handle extra parameters yet.
        """
        form = UploadFileForm(request.POST, request.FILES)
        if form.is_valid():
            handle_upload(request.FILES['qqfile'], form.cleaned_data)
            return make_response(content=json.dumps({ 'success': True }))
        else:
            return make_response(status=400,
                content=json.dumps({
                    'success': False,
                    'error': '%s' % repr(form.errors)
                }))

    def delete(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        """A DELETE request. If found, deletes a file with the corresponding
        UUID from the server's filesystem.
        """
        qquuid = kwargs.get('qquuid', '')
        if qquuid:
            try:
                handle_deleted_file(qquuid)
                return make_response(content=json.dumps({ 'success': True }))
            except Exception, e:
                return make_response(status=400,
                    content=json.dumps({
                        'success': False,
                        'error': '%s' % repr(e)
                    }))
        return make_response(status=404,
            content=json.dumps({
                'success': False,
                'error': 'File not present'
            }))

<强> forms.py

class UploadFileForm(forms.Form):

    """ This form represents a basic request from Fine Uploader.
    The required fields will **always** be sent, the other fields are optional
    based on your setup.
    Edit this if you want to add custom parameters in the body of the POST
    request.
    """
    qqfile = forms.FileField()
    qquuid = forms.CharField()
    qqfilename = forms.CharField()
    qqpartindex = forms.IntegerField(required=False)
    qqchunksize = forms.IntegerField(required=False)
    qqpartbyteoffset = forms.IntegerField(required=False)
    qqtotalfilesize = forms.IntegerField(required=False)
    qqtotalparts = forms.IntegerField(required=False)

答案 7 :(得分:6)

不确定这种方法是否有任何缺点,但在views.py:

中甚至更小
entry = form.save()

# save uploaded file
if request.FILES['myfile']:
    entry.myfile.save(request.FILES['myfile']._name, request.FILES['myfile'], True)

答案 8 :(得分:0)

我遇到了类似的问题,并由django管理站点解决。

# models
class Document(models.Model):
    docfile = models.FileField(upload_to='documents/Temp/%Y/%m/%d')

    def doc_name(self):
        return self.docfile.name.split('/')[-1] # only the name, not full path

# admin
from myapp.models import Document
class DocumentAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = ('doc_name',)
admin.site.register(Document, DocumentAdmin)