我对Python世界很陌生。由于我在设计和决策阶段是否选择python作为实现软件的主要语言。任务是： - 实施一组宁静的Web服务 - 将http方法授权给某些用户组，因为它需要使用xacml作为策略定义（或者可以是另一个标准）和信息的saml。交换
提前感谢您的推荐， 埃里克
答案 0 :(得分：1)
如果您的问题是可以使用哪些库来实现这些RESTful服务，那么请查看标准python库的BaseHTTPServer模块。
以下代码显示了实现接受GET请求的简单服务器是多么容易：
class MyHandler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
def do_GET(self):
try:
f = open(curdir + sep + self.path) #self.path has /test.html
self.send_response(200)
self.send_header('Content-type', 'text/html')
self.end_headers()
self.wfile.write(f.read())
f.close()
except IOError:
self.send_error(404,'File Not Found: %s' % self.path)
def main():
try:
server = HTTPServer(('', 80), MyHandler)
print 'Welcome to the machine...'
server.serve_forever()
except KeyboardInterrupt:
print '^C received, shutting down server'
server.socket.close()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
当然，代码不是来自我自己，我发现它here。
答案 1 :(得分：0)
使用Python，您可能希望创建一个XACML请求，其中包含您的用户ID（您可以从通常在进行身份验证之前进行的身份验证阶段获得该ID）并添加有关用户所针对的WS的信息。它可能是URI，也是HTTP方法......
最后你可能会得到像：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xacml-ctx:Request xmlns:xacml-ctx="urn:oasis:names:tc:xacml:2.0:context:schema:os">
<xacml-ctx:Subject SubjectCategory="urn:oasis:names:tc:xacml:1.0:subject-category:access-subject">
<xacml-ctx:Attribute AttributeId="urn:oasis:names:tc:xacml:1.0:subject:subject-id" DataType="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">
<xacml-ctx:AttributeValue>Alice</xacml-ctx:AttributeValue>
</xacml-ctx:Attribute>
</xacml-ctx:Subject>
<xacml-ctx:Resource>
<xacml-ctx:Attribute AttributeId="urn:oasis:names:tc:xacml:1.0:resource:resource-id" DataType="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">
<xacml-ctx:AttributeValue>/someuri/myapi/target.py</xacml-ctx:AttributeValue>
</xacml-ctx:Attribute>
</xacml-ctx:Resource>
<xacml-ctx:Action>
<xacml-ctx:Attribute AttributeId="urn:oasis:names:tc:xacml:1.0:action:action-id" DataType="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string">
<xacml-ctx:AttributeValue>GET</xacml-ctx:AttributeValue>
</xacml-ctx:Attribute>
</xacml-ctx:Action>
<xacml-ctx:Environment>
</xacml-ctx:Environment>
</xacml-ctx:Request>
您需要使用Python和lxml来构造请求。
回复看起来像
<xacml-ctx:Response xmlns:xacml-ctx="urn:oasis:names:tc:xacml:2.0:context:schema:os">
<xacml-ctx:Result>
<xacml-ctx:Decision>Permit</xacml-ctx:Decision>
<xacml-ctx:Status>
<xacml-ctx:StatusCode Value="urn:oasis:names:tc:xacml:1.0:status:ok"/>
</xacml-ctx:Status>
</xacml-ctx:Result>
</xacml-ctx:Response>
因此，您需要再次解析XML以提取决策，例如允许。我为XACML PDP编写了一个类似REST的基本接口，您只需将HTTP GET发送到URI，将变量作为GET变量传递给，例如： http://www.xacml.eu/AuthZ/?a=alice&b=/someuri/myapi/target.py&c=GET
这有帮助吗？
答案 2 :(得分：0)
我同意Constantinius BaseHTTPServer是在Python中执行RESTful的好方法。它预先安装了Python 2.7并且比gunicorn / flask / wsgi / gevent更好地扩展。并支持你可能想要的流媒体。
下面是一个示例，显示了Web浏览器如何对BaseHTTPServer进行远程POST调用并获取数据。
JS（放入static / hello.html通过Python提供服务）：
<html><head><meta charset="utf-8"/></head><body>
Hello.
<script>
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.open("POST", "/postman", true);
xhr.setRequestHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');
xhr.send(JSON.stringify({
value: 'value'
}));
xhr.onload = function() {
console.log("HELLO")
console.log(this.responseText);
var data = JSON.parse(this.responseText);
console.log(data);
}
</script></body></html>
Python服务器（用于测试）：
import time, threading, socket, SocketServer, BaseHTTPServer
import os, traceback, sys, json
log_lock = threading.Lock()
log_next_thread_id = 0
# Local log functiondef
def Log(module, msg):
with log_lock:
thread = threading.current_thread().__name__
msg = "%s %s: %s" % (module, thread, msg)
sys.stderr.write(msg + '\n')
def Log_Traceback():
t = traceback.format_exc().strip('\n').split('\n')
if ', in ' in t[-3]:
t[-3] = t[-3].replace(', in','\n***\n*** In') + '(...):'
t[-2] += '\n***'
err = '\n*** '.join(t[-3:]).replace('"','').replace(' File ', '')
err = err.replace(', line',':')
Log("Traceback", '\n'.join(t[:-3]) + '\n\n\n***\n*** ' + err + '\n***\n\n')
os._exit(4)
def Set_Thread_Label(s):
global log_next_thread_id
with log_lock:
threading.current_thread().__name__ = "%d%s" \
% (log_next_thread_id, s)
log_next_thread_id += 1
class Handler(BaseHTTPServer.BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
def do_GET(self):
Set_Thread_Label(self.path + "[get]")
try:
Log("HTTP", "PATH='%s'" % self.path)
with open('static' + self.path) as f:
data = f.read()
Log("Static", "DATA='%s'" % data)
self.send_response(200)
self.send_header("Content-type", "text/html")
self.end_headers()
self.wfile.write(data)
except:
Log_Traceback()
def do_POST(self):
Set_Thread_Label(self.path + "[post]")
try:
length = int(self.headers.getheader('content-length'))
req = self.rfile.read(length)
Log("HTTP", "PATH='%s'" % self.path)
Log("URL", "request data = %s" % req)
req = json.loads(req)
response = {'req': req}
response = json.dumps(response)
Log("URL", "response data = %s" % response)
self.send_response(200)
self.send_header("Content-type", "application/json")
self.send_header("content-length", str(len(response)))
self.end_headers()
self.wfile.write(response)
except:
Log_Traceback()
# Create ONE socket.
addr = ('', 8000)
sock = socket.socket (socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
sock.bind(addr)
sock.listen(5)
# Launch 10 listener threads.
class Thread(threading.Thread):
def __init__(self, i):
threading.Thread.__init__(self)
self.i = i
self.daemon = True
self.start()
def run(self):
httpd = BaseHTTPServer.HTTPServer(addr, Handler, False)
# Prevent the HTTP server from re-binding every handler.
# https://stackoverflow.com/questions/46210672/
httpd.socket = sock
httpd.server_bind = self.server_close = lambda self: None
httpd.serve_forever()
[Thread(i) for i in range(10)]
time.sleep(9e9)
控制台日志（chrome）：
HELLO
hello.html:14 {"req": {"value": "value"}}
hello.html:16
{req: {…}}
req
:
{value: "value"}
__proto__
:
Object
控制台日志（firefox）：
GET
http://XXXXX:8000/hello.html [HTTP/1.0 200 OK 0ms]
POST
XHR
http://XXXXX:8000/postman [HTTP/1.0 200 OK 0ms]
HELLO hello.html:13:3
{"req": {"value": "value"}} hello.html:14:3
Object { req: Object }
控制台日志（Edge）：
HTML1300: Navigation occurred.
hello.html
HTML1527: DOCTYPE expected. Consider adding a valid HTML5 doctype: "<!DOCTYPE html>".
hello.html (1,1)
Current window: XXXXX/hello.html
HELLO
hello.html (13,3)
{"req": {"value": "value"}}
hello.html (14,3)
[object Object]
hello.html (16,3)
{
[functions]: ,
__proto__: { },
req: {
[functions]: ,
__proto__: { },
value: "value"
}
}
Python日志：
HTTP 8/postman[post]: PATH='/postman'
URL 8/postman[post]: request data = {"value":"value"}
URL 8/postman[post]: response data = {"req": {"value": "value"}}
此外，您可以通过在将套接字传递给BaseHTTPServer之前包装套接字来轻松添加SSL。